Recently, some netizens asked such a question, "I have been preparing for pregnancy for two months, and I still haven't conceived, and now I'm going to have a pre-pregnancy check-up, but I don't know what pre-pregnancy health care is?" Here, I will take you to understand the assessment of high-risk factors for pre-pregnancy health care, how to systematically do examinations, and how to carry out health guidance.
1. Assessment of pre-pregnancy risk factors
1. The health status of the couple planning to conceive.
2. Evaluate the past chronic medical history, family history, genetic history, etc., and be informed on the spot or after examination if it is not suitable for pregnancy.
3. Whether there is a history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth, and whether it is a scarred uterus.
4. Lifestyle, diet and nutrition, occupational status and working environment, labor (sports) situation, interpersonal relationship, etc.
2. Systematic physical examination
1. A comprehensive physical examination.
2. Measure blood pressure, weight, and calculate body mass index (BMI).
3. Routine gynecological examination.
4. The basic examination contents include: blood routine, urine routine, blood type (ABO and Rh blood group), liver and kidney function, blood glucose, hepatitis B antibody screening, syphilis serum antibody screening, HIV screening, regional attribute related diseases, etc.
5. Further examination includes: cervical cytology examination, TORCH screening, vaginal discharge examination, thyroid function test, 75 grams oral glucose tolerance test, blood lipids, gynecological ultrasound, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, etc.
3. Health guidance
1. Prepare and plan your pregnancy, and try to avoid pregnancy at an advanced age.
2. Reasonable nutrition and scientific control of BMI.
3. Supplement folic acid 0.4-0.8mg/d, or multivitamins containing folic acid. Pregnant women who have previously had a baby with neural tube defects (NTDs) were given 4 mg daily.
4. For women who are planning to become pregnant with genetic diseases, chronic diseases and infectious diseases, scientific and comprehensive assessment and guidance must be carried out.
5. Rational use of drugs and avoid the use of drugs that may affect fetal development.
6. Avoid contact with harmful substances in life and occupation (radiation, high temperature, lead, mercury, stupid, arsenic, pesticides, etc.), and avoid close contact with pets.
7. Change bad habits, such as smoking, alcoholism, drug abuse, etc., and avoid high-intensity work, high-noise environment and domestic violence.
8. Maintain mental health, relieve mental stress, and prevent the occurrence of psychological problems during pregnancy and postpartum.
9. Choose an exercise that works for you.
Author: Wang Bin
Source: Shenyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital
Editor: Zhou Changlin
Proofreader: He Yiming, Chen Zeming
First trial: Jia Shujuan
Review: Xu Jiang