Written by Zhu Haiyan
In the second poem, Fan Zhongyan wrote:
Saint Song Feiqiang Chu,
Qinghuai Yimiluo;
Life Fu Zhongyi,
Let the room be in turmoil.
It means that today's Song Dynasty is not the Chu State of the past, and the Huai River in the Qing Dynasty is not the turbid Miluo River. Yes, although it is the same feudal dynasty, from the Chu State to the Great Song Dynasty, history has gone through more than 1,000 years of ups and downs after all. For more than 1,000 years, society has been advancing, and ideas have been sublimated. Although history is moving very slowly, people's minds are still greatly liberated, and if the rulers of the Song dynasty want to turn back the wheel of history, they can only destroy the regime. Although it is not explicitly stated, the foresight of the future, the end of the Song Dynasty has been swallowed by Fan Zhongyan, and the day of the demise of the regime is approaching the Northern Song Dynasty.
The third poem says:
A leaf in danger,
It is also sad to watch;
He is uneven,
No one in danger.
It means that through the efforts of the boat people, the danger has finally been turned into a disaster, and the people who have shared hardships and hardships this time should not be forgotten in the future. Although this is a joke of "sudden" in the risk, it also expresses Fan Zhongyan's principle of acting loyally and righteously, and the character of everyone and his fearless sentiment in the face of danger.
/Qingli New Deal Northern Song Dynasty Fan Zhongyan launched a political reform movement during the Qingli period of Renzong (picture source: Internet)/
In 1043, Fan Zhongyan was promoted to deputy minister. He pointed out in Shangrenzong's "Answering the Edict of Chen Shishi": "Discipline and law, the sun and the moon invade, the palace is down, the people are trapped outside, Yi Di is arrogant, and the thieves are accumulating, so it is necessary to save it." Hence the 10-point reform proposal.
The implementation of the Qingli New Deal brought vitality to the rule of corrupt officials and enabled the bureaucracy in its twilight to begin to exert better efficiency in its rule, which was praised by many people.
However, any reform is a struggle. The Qingli New Deal strictly restricted the privileges of the powerful bureaucrats and violated their interests, so those powerful people colluded and spread rumors that Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, Fu Bi, Ouyang Xiu and others had formed a "friend party." What is even more vicious is that they even falsified the facts to accuse them of setting up another emperor.
This is a killer move, and no matter how wise the emperor hears, he will not tolerate it when he hears that he is going to appoint another emperor and usurp his throne. Whoever takes a second look at his throne will be in bad luck. As a result, Fan Zhongyan was once again demoted to a relatively less important position.
Shortly thereafter, his good friend Teng Zijing guarded Baling and asked Fan Zhongyan to write "The Story of Yueyang Tower", and Fan Chengcheng was in office in Dengzhou at this time.
In this article, he proposed that the "benevolent heart" should be "not happy with things, not sad with oneself", and should have the concept of "worrying about the worries of the world first, and enjoying the joy of the world after the world". It is precisely the proposition of this idea that has made this article a beautiful article that has been passed on forever and has been passed on forever, so that Qianlong in later generations has been moved. In his inscription poem "Yueyang Tower" painted by Xia Yong, a painter at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, he said: "First worry and then enjoy the middle of the flood, and the truth of the words first won my heart." ”
In 1051, Zhong Yan was in office in Qingzhou, due to the high cost of hunger and goods, the homeless people, the official affairs were complicated, the day and night work, and the physical strength was often exhausted, so he submitted the "Chen Qiying, Bo Yi County Form" to Renzong for him to raise his scabies. At this time, Fan Zhongyan was already a 63-year-old man, frail and sickly, and it was normal for him to want to move from remote areas to the mainland. The place where he aspires to work is the small city that grew up in the moisture of Yingshui - Yingzhou.
(Image source: Internet)
There may be several reasons why he has his heart set on Yingzhou?
First, at that time, Yingzhou was flat and fertile, the water system was developed, the soil was thick and the water was sweet, there was the beauty of fish and rice, and the customs were simple, and the people were simple and simple, which was very suitable for the idle swallow land of seclusion and raising;
Second, Yingzhou is not far from Bianjing, which is the main traffic route leading to the north and south;
Third, it has beautiful scenery and beautiful environment, and it has always been a place where literati and scholars are fascinated;
Fourth, it is the hometown of his mentor Zhang Lun, and if he can be an official in Yingzhou, he can also exchange his thoughts with his mentor in his dreams.
Thinking of Zhang Lun, Fan Zhongyan is always excited, that is the Bole of his life, the guide of his career, without Zhang Lun, there may be no later Fan Zhongyan. As early as the third year of Tiansheng (1025), the young Fan Zhongyan served as a salt supervisor in the salt warehouse of Xixi Town, Taizhou, and was at most an eight- or nine-rank official. He was fortunate to meet Zhang Lun, a native of Yingzhou who was the deputy envoy of the Jianghuai Manufacturing, Purchasing and Shipping Department at the time. As the boss, Zhang Lun took a fancy to Fan Zhongyan's talent and recommended Fan as the county magistrate of Xinghua. This should be the first step for Fan Zhongyan to really embark on a career in office. After that, Zhang Lun and Xinghua County ordered Fan Zhongyan to preside over the construction of the embankment and weir project, and Fan Zhongyan's friend, Teng Zijing, the military judge of Taizhou, assisted in this work. Zhang Lun gave Fan Zhongyan a lot of support and encouragement both mentally and materially.
The people of Taizhou thanked Zhang Lun for presiding over the repair of the embankment and benefiting the people, in order to let future generations remember Zhang Lun's merits, the special ancestral hall - "Zhang Hou Temple", Fan Zhongyan personally wrote "Ode to Zhang Hou Ancestral Hall" standing stone in the ancestral hall. The inscription says, "Gongjian please repair, it is Xingjigong".
Zhang Lun later migrated to Yingzhou and returned to his hometown due to old age and illness. In the first month of 1036, Zhang Lun died in Yingzhou. The emperor mourned when he heard this. Fan Zhongyan, who was the prefect of Kaifeng at the time, wrote the "Inscription of Zhang Gong Shendao in the Late Song Dynasty", which comprehensively described Zhang Lun's historical achievements and praised Zhang Lun; Majestic and magnificent, spread in all directions, not ears and eyes, and many shades, incompetent and famous. ”
Fan Zhongyan (October 1, 989 – June 19, 1052) was an outstanding politician and writer during the Northern Song Dynasty. (Image source: Internet)/
Fan Zhongyan thought to himself that if he chose Yingzhou to become his final place, it would be a great fortune in his life to meet his mentor under Jiuquan.
Emperor Renzong had nostalgia for Fan Zhongyan, and after receiving Fan Zhongyan's Chen begging petition, he immediately approved his migration to Yingzhou.
At the turn of the spring and summer of 1052, Zhongyan received an appointment to move to Yingzhou, and he was ordered to do so. In a letter to his old friend Han Qi, he wrote: "Help the sick and go to Yingzhou. Cover the wind direction, but look forward to the drama of love. "He would love to get there early. However, due to inconvenient transportation, he only arrived in Xuzhou in early May, and he was ill for many days, but he did not get better.
After Renzong received the news of Fan Zhongyan's illness, he was very concerned and sent a special envoy to Xuzhou to offer condolences. Fan Zhongyan knew that he was terminally ill, and he could not be treated by medicine, so he endured the pain and gave Emperor Renzong a "testament", describing the illness and summarizing the gains and losses of his life. He also advised Emperor Renzong to "inherit the heart of heaven, favor people's desires, and reward them with anger, so that they must be deserved; Respect the virtuous and the virtuous, and suppress luck. The rule is not chaotic, and the people are accepted in the middle of the country. In the "Last Watch", he was preoccupied with state affairs and did not make any personal requests, and his moral demeanor was exemplary.
On May 20, the fourth year of Huang You, Fan Zhongyan died of illness in Xuzhou. I don't know if it's providence? 64 years ago, Fan Zhongyi was born in a blue brick house at the foot of Longyun Mountain in Xuzhou, and 64 years later, he died in a blue brick house in Xuzhou.
In Yingzhou, 200 kilometers away, people have already learned the news that Fan Zhongyan will not be in office. In the Juxing Hall built by Ouyang Xiu, a group of literati often gathered, and they were still discussing how to receive this famous official, a generation of famous ministers, and a generation of famous people. In the hearts of Yingzhou people, he is a figure that makes people look up to the mountains, just like the Beidou that the world looks up to.
It's a pity! Yingzhou did not usher in Fan Gong in the end.
When Yinghe heard the news that he was driving a crane west in Xuzhou, a river of tears, a river of grief......
/Fan Zhongyan Tomb (Image Source Network)/
In December of that year, Fan Gong was buried at the foot of Wan'an Mountain in Yichuan, Luoyang, Xijing, and Wang Anshi, a famous thinker, politician, writer and reformer of the Northern Song Dynasty, called Fan Zhongyan "the teacher of the first generation" in the "Sacrifice to Fan Yingzhou Wen". Because Fan Zhongyan's last position in his life was the prefect of Yingzhou, Wang Anshi still called him "Fan Yingzhou". Ouyang revised "Fan Wenzheng Gong Shinto Inscription and Preface", saying, "The public rarely has great ambitions, and every time he takes the world as his own responsibility." ”
[v]
The Yinghe River, which goes southeast, flows day and night.
In February 1049, at a sunset moment, a flat boat that went up the river stopped on the bank of the Yinghe River, and a figure stepped off the flat boat and stepped on the bluestone wharf of Yingzhou. The weeping willows have just spit green, and the hue is full of warmth. Ouyang Xiu came, and so did his elderly mother. Because of his arrival, the history of Yinghe will write a glorious chapter.
Ouyang Xiu, the word Uncle Yong, Luling, Jiangxi. lost his father at the age of 4, and his mother swore an oath to keep the festival and learn from his own teachings, so that his son would become a talent. Although his family is poor, Ouyang Xiumin is very enlightened and reads and recites. During the reign of Song Renzong, he participated in the political reform movement led by Fan Zhongyan and spoke out. "Friends" is the crime of the reformists headed by Fan Zhongyan. Friends, in today's parlance, are "sects", "hills", "docks", and "small cliques". The conservatives used the emperor's most taboo charge of "friends" to frame and attack Fan Zhongyan and others. Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, and Fu Bi were dismissed from office and demoted on the charge of "friends". As a result, it was not Ouyang Xiu in Fan Zhongyan's inner circle who came out and wrote a "Theory of Friends" to fight against the conservatives-for-tat.
/ Ouyang Xiu (August 6, 1007 – September 8, 1072) was a politician, writer, and historian of the Northern Song Dynasty. (Image source: Internet)/
In the article, Ouyang Xiu did not directly defend the crime of "friends" that was arbitrarily imposed on Fan Zhongyan and others, but unexpectedly admitted that "friends" have existed since ancient times. He pointed out that there is a distinction between a gentleman and a villain in the "party of friends", and that in order to govern the country, it is necessary to "retreat from the puppet party of the villain and use the true friends of the gentleman", and counted the historical examples of not using the party of the gentleman to incur destruction, and using the party of the gentleman to obtain great governance, repeatedly showing that the monarch should not be afraid of the "party of friends", but should distinguish between the virtuous and the foolish.
After the article was written, he wrote and said: "Han Qi, Fan Zhongyan, and Fu Bi, everyone in the world knows that they have usable sages, but they don't hear that they have crimes that can be stopped. Since ancient times, villains have been greedy for loyalty, and it is not far away. If you want to be a good person, but you are a friend, and if you want to shake the minister, you must be falsely accused of power, why is it?"
It is the boldness of the sky!
The outspoken admonition angered Long Yan again, and in the fifth year of Qingli (1045), Ouyang Xiu was demoted from the high position of the third-rank official to the fifth-grade official, and he knew Chuzhou.
In addition to the conviction of articles and remarks, there are also many factors that cannot be explained in the officialdom. Previously, Ouyang Xiu had served as a transfer envoy in Hebei, and his generals Li Zhaoliang and Feng Bowen privately accepted women, in today's words, they are the second wife. Ouyang Xiu arrested Feng Bowen, and Li Zhaoliang was frightened, so he confessed to the cashier's wife. Unexpectedly, these two guys broke a team, and they went down to find out, and there were not a few people in the troops below who had two or three wives, but there were more than 2,000 people. Later, although the people involved were duly punished, after all, Ouyang Xiu offended a large number of people. Who of these people in the court does not have three relatives and six relatives? How many of them do not give gold, silver, treasure, and women to the camp? The giver and the recipient, due to their interests, have undoubtedly formed a sworn party. These people carried out a frantic counterattack against Ouyang Xiu and arrested his nephew and imprisoned him. These may have been one of the factors that contributed to his demotion to Chuzhou. The big accounts and small accounts are calculated together, and there are people who fall into the well and throw stones, and they will never stand by at this time.
Ouyang Xiu was in charge of Chuzhou for 3 years, and then transferred to Yangzhou, only one year, and then transferred to Yingzhou. Since last winter, when he was in Yangzhou, his eye disease worsened, and he repeatedly asked to move to Xiaojun to regulate and recuperate his body, and finally got permission from the court. He sailed along the canal, traced the Huai River, passed through Shouzhou, and along the way, he was indeed a little tired and sleepy. But when he walked into Yingzhou, where "there are good guests in Qiluo Xiangli, and the sound of string orchestras comes to the evening breeze", the fatigue of the long journey is suddenly gone. Ou Gong felt particularly cordial to the customs and customs of Yingzhou, and later he said in the "Siying Poems: Postscript": "In the spring of the first year of Emperor You, he invited Yingling from Guangling, and was subject to the simple and beautiful products of its people, and the thick soil and water were sweet and the atmosphere was harmonious, and he had the meaning of ending at that time. He had a deep affection for this land, and said in a letter to his friend Han Qi: "Ruyang West Lake, the world is the best, and it is appropriate to raise fools." "Would love to live here for a long time.
(Image source: Internet, thanks to the painter)
Some people believe that the reason why Ouyang Xiu is so affectionate to Yingzhou is because when he knew Chuzhou, he passed by Yingzhou and had a period of romantic debt. "The two prostitutes are very good, and the banquet is about to play, and he should come to guard it in the new year. At that time, Ouyang Xiu was 38 years old, and it was when his blood was strong and his qi was like a bull fighting, and he couldn't forget those nights of spring love. A few years later, he really migrated from Yangzhou, but the two beauties were gone, so he wrote an inscription in the Fang Pavilion, and there was a sentence: "The catkins have gone far from spring, and the begonias should hate me for coming late." "I think it's a story made up. In the upper class society of the Song Dynasty, although this kind of scandalous news was commonplace, judging from Ouyang Xiu's serious handling of the issue of Feng Bowen and Li Zhaoliang's second wife when he was the transfer envoy in Hebei, as an ambitious politician and writer, the self-discipline of character would never let him do that kind of thing, and he would never take the two prostitutes who met in Pingshui so seriously. In terms of appearance, the women of Yangzhou will not be much worse than the women of Yingzhou; the women of Yingzhou are not only the ones who are both talented and beautiful, and any green building can eliminate his lovesickness.
Ou Gong's love is not those two women, but the rich and beautiful land of Yingzhou, the honest and simple people. (To be continued)
Introduction of Zhu Haiyan
Zhu Haiyan, a native of Lixin, Anhui Province, enlisted in the army in 1976 and served as a soldier, platoon commander, deputy instructor, and cultural officer of the division's Political Department in the Seventh Division of the Railway Corps.
In 1983, he was transferred to the "Railway Soldier" newspaper, and in February 1984, he was transferred to the "People's Railway" newspaper and served as a reporter, chief reporter and chief reporter. In 1998, he served as editor-in-chief, president and editor-in-chief of China Railway Construction News, and a senior reporter. In March 2010, he was transferred to the Engineering Management Center of the Ministry of Railways as the deputy director at the bureau level, specializing in the writing of railway construction reports.
The winners of the 6th Fan Changjiang Journalism Award are the "four batches" of talents in the national propaganda system, leading figures in China's press and publishing circles, and senior experts directly controlled and contacted by the central government. He has won the China Journalism Award eight times, won the first and second prizes of provincial and ministerial news awards more than 90 times, and won the "Five One Project" award of the Central Propaganda Department for his long-form reportage "There is War in the North". He has published 40 collections of various works, with a total word count of 20 million words. He enjoys the allowance of the State Council and is a member of the Chinese Writers Association.
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