Abstract:With the development of China's economy and the in-depth implementation of the national strategy, the demand for automated and intelligent production mode in the manufacturing industry is growing, and China's laser cutting industry has gradually entered a period of rapid development. Benefiting from the strong demand for the processing of various metal and non-metal parts and the progress of laser cutting technology, the domestic laser cutting equipment market has ushered in sustained and stable growth. According to the data, the market size of the mainland laser cutting equipment industry in 2021 will be 28.01 billion yuan, and the industry scale will increase to 30.12 billion yuan by 2022, a year-on-year increase of 7.5%. In the future, with the recovery of the domestic economy, the upgrading of traditional manufacturing technology, the development of laser technology and the reduction of costs, the demand for laser cutting equipment in all walks of life will continue to increase, and the laser cutting equipment market will usher in further growth.
1. Definitions and Classification
Laser cutting equipment is a device that focuses the laser emitted from the laser into a concentrated beam with high power density through the optical path system. It uses a focused high-power-density laser beam to irradiate the material to be processed, so that the irradiated material quickly melts, vaporizes, ablates or reaches the ignition point, and at the same time, the molten material is blown away with the help of a high-speed air flow coaxial with the beam, so as to achieve the effect of cutting the workpiece. Compared with other cutting methods, laser cutting has many advantages such as good cutting quality, high cutting efficiency and fast cutting speed, which can significantly improve processing efficiency. It is these advantages that make laser cutting a new technology that is more mature and widely used in laser processing. According to the different cutting materials, laser cutting equipment can be divided into metal cutting machine and non-metal cutting machine, according to the different lasers, it can be divided into CO2 laser cutting machine, YAG laser cutting machine and fiber laser cutting machine, according to the different power can be divided into low power laser cutting machine, medium power laser cutting machine and high power laser cutting machine.
Second, industry policies
The state attaches great importance to the development of the laser cutting equipment industry and has introduced a number of policies to promote the development of the industry. As early as 2006, the State Council issued the "National Medium and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan Outline (2006-2020)", which listed laser technology as one of the eight cutting-edge technologies that the mainland will focus on developing in the next 15 years. In 2021, the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Intelligent Manufacturing" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission and other eight departments emphasized that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the mainland will vigorously develop intelligent equipment, including intelligent welding robots, advanced laser processing equipment such as ultrafast lasers, and intelligent testing equipment and instruments such as laser tracking and measurement. The "2022 Government Work Report" issued by the 13th National People's Congress in 2022 pointed out that it is necessary to enhance the core competitiveness of the manufacturing industry, launch a number of industrial base reengineering projects, promote the upgrading of traditional industries, vigorously promote intelligent manufacturing, and accelerate the development of advanced manufacturing clusters.
3. Industry barriers
1. Technical barriers
The laser cutting equipment industry is a technology-intensive, scientific and technological innovation industry, involving professional knowledge and technology in multiple disciplines such as laser optics, electronic technology, computer software development, power supply, industrial control, mechanical design and manufacturing. The accumulation and continuous innovation of the core technology of laser cutting equipment and the self-made ability of key components are one of the core competitive advantages of enterprises in the industry. The leading enterprises of laser cutting equipment have been deeply cultivated in the industry for many years, invested a lot of manpower, material resources and capital, and accumulated many technical patents, which can basically realize the self-made and continuous innovation of key components, and produce products that meet customer needs and industry development trends. It is difficult for new entrants to fully grasp the technology involved in the industry in a short period of time, and the products lack competitiveness, and at the same time, if they rely on their own research and development, they need a long period of accumulation and large-scale capital investment.
2. Brand barriers
In the industrial equipment industry, the equipment purchased by customers is mainly used for industrial production, and the performance, quality and stability of the equipment are required to be high, and the brand image of the equipment products is an important factor in determining the customer's willingness to buy. For laser cutting equipment enterprises, the establishment and promotion of brand image depends on the improvement of market share, the continuous stability of product quality, and the good reputation formed in the process of cooperation with customers. Therefore, a good brand reputation created by stable performance, reliable quality and high market share is one of the core competitiveness of laser cutting equipment manufacturers to maintain competitive advantage. However, a good brand image needs to be gradually formed by enterprises after long-term market accumulation, and it is difficult to obtain it in the short term, so it constitutes an entry barrier to the industry.
3. Talent barriers
The laser cutting equipment industry is a talent-intensive industry, which requires not only core technical personnel with rich R&D experience, but also key sales talents with sufficient sensitivity to the market and customer coverage capabilities. The key to the survival and development of laser cutting equipment enterprises is to tap all kinds of new potential needs of customers through sales, develop customers, promote product updates and iterations through continuous technological innovation and meet customer needs. With the continuous evolution of the laser cutting equipment industry in the direction of high precision and high production efficiency, the application fields will continue to increase, and the demand for high-end professional technical personnel and sales personnel is also expanding. From the current point of view, the leading enterprises in the industry are more well-known, more attractive to talents, and have formed a strong talent echelon. Therefore, for new entrants, the gap between them and the technology and sales talent reserves of laser cutting enterprises with first-mover advantages will continue to expand, forming a high talent barrier.
4. Service barriers
The laser cutting equipment industry has many characteristics such as high degree of product customization, wide market coverage, high complexity of equipment products, long-term use of equipment and complex working environment after customer installation of equipment, resulting in different problems encountered by different customers in the production process. Therefore, good pre-sale, in-sale and after-sales service is an important guarantee for laser cutting equipment companies to obtain customers. For new entrants in the industry, it is generally difficult to establish a professional, wide-ranging and timely response service network in the short term, which cannot meet the various needs of customers, and then affect the production and operation of customers. Therefore, there are service barriers in the laser cutting industry caused by differences in service levels.
Fourth, the industrial chain
The industrial chain of the laser cutting equipment industry mainly includes three parts: upstream, middle and downstream. The upstream mainly includes optical materials and components, equipment-related parts, motion control system lasers, laser heads, etc., among them, the laser is the core unit of laser production, is the core component of laser cutting equipment, and accounts for a relatively high value in laser cutting equipment; Medical cosmetology, among them, high-power laser cutting equipment is widely used in industrial parts, heavy machinery and other industries. In the future, with the trend of industrial intelligence and precision processing, the demand for laser cutting in processing fields such as household appliances, 3C industry, machinery and equipment, and new energy vehicles will develop rapidly, making the application of laser cutting technology in the industrial field more comprehensively promoted.
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