Spring is a critical period for the growth and development of honeysuckle, and the quality of spring management has a great impact on the annual yield, especially on the yield and quality of the first stubble. In view of the characteristics of this year, the following technical suggestions for the spring management of honeysuckle are proposed.
Speaker Profile:
Wang Guangjun, graduated from Henan Agricultural University in 1991, is an extension researcher of Fengqiu County Agriculture and Rural Bureau. For more than 30 years, he has focused on the research and promotion of honeysuckle production technology, successfully selected and bred a number of new varieties of honeysuckle, driven the comprehensive development of the honeysuckle industry in Fengqiu County, presided over the drafting of 8 local standards in Henan Province and 6 local standards in Xinxiang City, and published nearly 30 papers. He has successively won the second prize of scientific and technological progress of the National Liang Xi Science and Technology Award, the contribution award of the Henan Provincial Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fishery Harvest Award, the second prize of Henan Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award, the second prize of Xinxiang Science and Technology Progress Award, and won the honorary titles of outstanding science and technology correspondent of Henan Province, top ten star experts of Henan Province, the most popular expert of farmers in Henan Province, outstanding expert of Henan "12316" expert service group, outstanding expert of Xinxiang City, science popularization expert of Xinxiang City, and advanced individual of agricultural work in Xinxiang City.
Water and fertilizer management is key
Base fertilizer Before the land that did not apply base fertilizer, we should pay close attention to the application of base fertilizer. Fertilization method: Fertilization can be done in a furrow or radial ditch. Fertilizer amount: 250 kg of commercial organic fertilizer is used per mu in the abundant garden, and the young trees are reduced as appropriate, and the fertilization depth is 30cm.
Top dressing before the lack of fertilization of the plot, before and after germination of human manure, urea, diammonium, ternary compound fertilizer and other fast-acting fertilizers, each tree topdressing about 2 taels of urea, small trees depending on the size of the tree appropriately reduced, other fertilizers can be determined according to the effective content of urea to determine the amount of fertilizer.
Scientific irrigation Spring irrigation should be carried out as soon as possible in the fields where fertilization has been applied. In addition, from late April to early May, the flower buds grow and develop rapidly, and the water demand is large during this period, so attention should be paid to watering, and irrigation is carried out at other times depending on the drought and fertilization conditions.
Cultivating and budding
Cultivating can inhibit the breeding of weeds, increase ground temperature, promote soil microbial activity, improve soil fertility, 2-3 times of cultivation before wheat harvest, the depth of cultivation is generally 15-20 cm, and master a shallow and a deep when cultivating, that is, the honeysuckle tree should be shallow, and the honeysuckle should be deep between the rows.
The purpose of wiping buds is to make honeysuckle ventilated and bright, reduce nutrient consumption, and timely budding can enhance honeysuckle tree potential, reduce the occurrence of diseases, and improve the yield and quality of honeysuckle.
Timely erase the adventitious buds below the main branch, including the main trunk, the base of the honeysuckle tree and the branches of the inner hall, if not erased, it will consume nutrients, affect the yield and quality, in addition, erase it now, and save a lot of labor when pruning after autumn.
Pest and disease control
Honeysuckle is a perennial plant, there are many kinds of diseases and pests, and the main pests of honeysuckle in spring are aphids, cotton bollworms, honeysuckle inchworms, scale insects, coffee spine tiger beetles, grubs, etc. The main diseases of honeysuckle in spring are powdery mildew.
In the spring of this year, many honeysuckle fields have a large area of dead branches or the whole plant dies, the occurrence of light, some old branches and new branches are delayed, the leaves are yellow flowers, dead or deformed, some serious plots, a large number of branches die or the whole plant dies, and the underground root system rots. I think the main causes of honeysuckle spring death are the following:
Grubs and their prevention and control methods
Grubs Grubs mainly bite the root system of honeysuckle, causing the root system of the plant to develop poorly, affecting the absorption of nutrients, thereby affecting the growth of the aboveground part of the plant, the serious root bark is eaten, the mold is infected, the roots are blackened, and some branches or the whole plant die. Due to the different species of grubs and different growth and development laws, honeysuckle can suffer from different kinds of grubs throughout the growing season, especially in spring or spring and summer every year.
The main species are Yellowgill beetle, Darkgill beetle, Black velvet beetle, Aeruginosa and so on
Prevention and control methods The prevention and control of grubs should follow the principle of prevention rather than cure. Chemical control is mainly used, at the turn of spring or spring and summer, 6 kg per mu with 1.5% phosphine granules, or per mu with 200 million spores per mu with Beauveria aeruginosa granules, or 5 kg per mu with Beauveria bassiana powder sprinkled under the tree, and then watered.
Longhorn beetle and its prevention and control methods
The damage of the longhorn beetle causes the branches to wilt, which is not easy to find in the early stage, and often misses the opportunity for prevention and control, resulting in aggravation year by year. The prevention and control of longhorn beetle mainly do a good job in the prevention and control of hatched larvae, in addition to pruning in winter and spring, remove dead branches, in March to May, when it is found that the adult beetle appears, timely with 4.5% cypermethrin 1500 times liquid or 80% dichlorvos 1500 times solution carefully spray honeysuckle trunks and perennial branches to kill hatched larvae, in order to prevent moth into the branches;
Scale insects and control methods
Scale insects mainly damage branches. After the branches are sucked up, it causes cortical cork, phloem and ductal tissue decay, and the cortex bursts, resulting in leaf drop, branch tip dryness and even the death of the whole tree. Control method: Before germination in spring, spray 5% diesel emulsion or 3-5 Baumé stone sulfur mixture. In the overwintering generation and the first generation of female adult larvae in the littering period and the 1st instar nymph dispersal period, spray 800-1000 times of 80% didichlorodimetrophel or 20% valvalethrin and 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times for control.
Aphids and their control methods
From April to June, the damage is serious, and the aphids mainly damage the leaves and buds of honeysuckle, causing the leaves to curl and yellow, and the flower buds to be deformed, so that the yield and quality are significantly reduced.
Overwintering on honeysuckle branches with eggs, hatching eggs in early spring, insect conditions are heavier in April ~ June, after the beginning of summer, especially in rainy days, the spread spreads faster, sucks the leaf juice, makes the leaves curl and yellow, the buds are deformed when they are damaged, and secretes honeydew when they are harmed, resulting in the production of smoke mold layer in the leaves, affecting the photosynthesis of the leaves, and then affecting the yield and quality of honeysuckle.
The control methods include physical control methods, edible yellow sticky shellac paper (board) to trap and kill, and silver-gray plastic film to avoid aphids. Biological control methods are the use of 0.1% matrine aqueous agent, 500 times spray, etc.
Chemical control is the use of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 2000 times, 50% anti-aphid 4000 times, 3% acetamiprid 1000 times, 4.5% cypermethrin EC 1500 times spray.
Powdery mildew and its prevention methods
It mainly harms honeysuckle leaves and young stems. At the beginning of the disease, round white velvety mold spots appear, which then expand and connect into patches, forming white pink spots of different sizes. Finally, it causes flower drop, leaf withering, and drying up the branches.
Prevention and control methods Before germination in spring (when the buds germinate), spray 3-5 Baumé stone sulfur mixture. In the initial stage of the disease, 4000 times of 60% difenoconazole water dispersant, or 1 500 times of 30% pyraclostrobin suspension were alternated. Spray once every 7~10 days, and use the medicine continuously for 2~3 times. If the disease is severe, the fungicide needs to be sprayed once a month from the flowering period to August. Commonly used agents can be 30% etherstrobin 1000 times, 2% pesticide resistance 120, 500 times or 60% difenoconazole water dispersible 4000 times.
Reporter: Shen Dongliang
Source: Henan Rural Broadcasting