During the War of Liberation, the ups and downs of the Kuomintang army in the northeast
During the War of Liberation, Northeast China, as the focus of contention between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the two armies, witnessed countless battles of bravery and wisdom. On this historical stage, all units of the Kuomintang army either fought bravely or withdrew in disgrace, and their fate was closely linked to the entire battle situation. The purpose of this article is to sort out the successive entry and performance of various units of the Kuomintang Army in the Northeast War, so as to reveal that magnificent history.
1. The situation in the early days of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the initial deployment of the Kuomintang army
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang army, with the support of the United States, quickly mobilized heavy troops to the northeast. The Kuomintang troops that initially entered the territory were mainly the 13th Army and the 52nd Army led by Du Yuming, who successfully landed on Huludao at the end of 1945 and quickly occupied Shanhaiguan, opening up the passage into the northeast. In addition, the Northeast receiving group led by Xiong Shihui also arrived in the Northeast at this time and tried to control this strategic location.
However, the initial deployment of the Kuomintang army was not all smooth sailing. Although they had a strong army, the Kuomintang army was unable to quickly control the situation in the early stage in the face of the preconceived and geographical advantages of the CCP army in the northeast, as well as the dissatisfaction of the people in the northeast with the rule of the Kuomintang.
2. The reinforcement of the main force of the Kuomintang army and the response strategy of the CCP army
With the development of the war situation, the Kuomintang army continued to reinforce the northeast. The New 1st Army, the New 6th Army, the 71st Army and other troops entered one after another and fought fierce battles with the Chinese Communist Army in Siping, Jinzhou and other places. Most of these units were elite divisions of the Kuomintang army, well-equipped and combat-ready.
In the face of the powerful offensive of the Kuomintang army, the CCP army adopted flexible strategies and tactics. On the one hand, they resolutely resisted the offensive of the Kuomintang army, and on the other hand, they were also actively looking for fighters to gain superiority on the local battlefield. Liu Shaoqi's strategic decision of "getting out of the way and occupying both sides" has provided important guidance for the survival and development of the Chinese communist army in the northeast.
3. The plight and defeat of the Kuomintang army
Although the Kuomintang army invested a large number of troops in the northeast, their plight gradually became apparent. On the one hand, the Kuomintang army was seriously corrupt, its command was chaotic, and its morale was low; on the other hand, the Chinese communist army had a deep mass base in the northeast and won the support of the broad masses of the people. In addition, the Kuomintang army gradually fell into passivity strategically and was unable to effectively respond to the offensive of the CCP army.
In the end, under the decisive blow of the Liaoshen Campaign, the Kuomintang army's defensive line in the northeast was completely crushed. A large number of Kuomintang troops were either annihilated or forced to retreat. At the end of 1948, Shenyang and Yingkou were liberated one after another, marking the complete defeat of the Kuomintang army in the northeast.
4. Reflections on the Northeast War Situation of the Kuomintang Army
Looking back at the course of the various units of the Kuomintang Army in the northeast war, it is not difficult for us to find the successes and failures. Although the Kuomintang army made some progress in the early stage by virtue of its superiority in troops, it still had serious problems in strategic decision-making, troop command, and popular support. The CCP army, on the other hand, relied on correct strategic decision-making, flexible tactical application, and a deep mass foundation to finally win the battle in the northeast.
The ups and downs of the Kuomintang army units in the northeast war were a microcosm of the struggle between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the two armies during the War of Liberation. This history tells us that war is not only a contest of military strength, but also a comprehensive embodiment of political, economic, cultural, and other factors. Only those armies that can follow the trend of history and enjoy the support of the people can achieve final victory in the war.
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