dop设计(ID:dopdesign)原创
Author丨DOP Design
Editor丨Reiko
The creative design of irregular walls is deeply loved by Party A and designers, and often does not require too many design techniques to achieve better decorative effects. However, how to implement the scheme design perfectly, each designer has a different deepening method.
So, today we will talk about the landing process of irregular wall design from the following aspects:
1. Design understanding of irregular wall design
2. Drawing expression of irregular wall design
3. Professional demonstration of irregular wall design
01. Design understanding of irregular wall design
Before the scheme deepening drawing, it is necessary to understand and analyze the scheme design and obtain the preliminary drawings of the scheme design. It is usually carried out from the following four aspects: scale analysis, modeling tracing, grouping and classification, and material and process selection.
1. Scale analysis
Scale is the most important element in the design, and whether the scale of the wall design is reasonable determines the spatial effect and visual level. Therefore, the first thing to do is to analyze the scale of the program.
In practice, you can follow the principle of "deducing from small to big, from large to small", in short, it is possible to find a reference object according to the picture, and deduce the required size according to the size of the reference object. The specific analysis process is as follows:
a. Analyze spatial functions
Firstly, the spatial function is analyzed according to the image, and then the corresponding design scale can be inferred according to the common scale standard of the spatial function.
b. Find a reference scale
After determining the general scale system, it can be used as a reference scale according to the size of the small home.
As shown in the rendering above, the clear height of the bed, window, and floor in the picture can be used as a reference scale.
c. Determine the scale ratio
The method of determining the size ratio usually adopts the following steps:
(1) Determine the reference scale: For example, the height of the bed is usually 450mm, and this height can be used as a reference scale.
△ Examples of common heights for beds
(2) Draw reference lines: Draw the corresponding reference lines for the modeling pictures according to the bed height to form a size grid.
△ Example of a reference line grid
(3) Verify the rationality of the scale: A spatial scale can be obtained according to the size grid, and the rationality of the spatial scale can be used to verify whether the reference scale is reasonable.
As shown in the figure, when the bed height of 450mm is used as a reference scale, the floor clear height reaches 4500mm, which is obviously much higher than the standard scale of common bedrooms or guest rooms, which is not very reasonable, so it is necessary to find a new scale to participate.
(4) Derive and reconstruct the scale framework: Construct the scale grid by adjusting the reference scale, and then verify whether it is reasonable through the corresponding spatial scale, until all the corresponding dimensions reach a reasonable size range, and then proceed to the next step.
As shown in the figure, when the width of the double bed with a width of 1800mm is used as a reference scale, the clear height of the floor is about 3300mm, which is reasonable, but the height of the corresponding bed is about 350mm, which is relatively low.
As shown in the figure, when the width of the double bed with a width of 2000mm is used as the reference scale, the net height of the floor is about 3650mm, and the height is reasonable, and the height of the corresponding bed is about 400mm. Therefore, the next step is to deepen the system with this scale.
2. Modeling tracing
a. Draw the main frame
On the scale grid, the main frame of the irregular wall is drawn according to the scale corresponding to the modeling design.
b. Draw the details of the modeling step by step
On the scale grid, according to the primary and secondary of modeling design, a preliminary wall modeling is formed through the drawing of points and points of modeling positioning.
c. Verify the aesthetics of the drawing effect
Detach from the intention picture, analyze whether the drawn shape is close to the intention picture and whether it is aesthetically pleasing.
3. Group classification
In the scheme analysis, it takes more time to analyze the grouping and classification analysis of the shape of the irregular wall design.
a. Shape classification
When the wall is designed by different shapes, it can be classified and labeled according to the shape. Usually some complex shapes can also be analyzed to obtain relatively regular prototypes.
Because in most designs, the seemingly complex shape is also changed from simple shapes, so it can often be split into several simple prototypes, and then find a way to arrange and combine, you can understand the logic, which is the so-called "order in chaos".
b. Material classification
When the wall is designed through different materials, it can be classified and labeled according to the material. In the material classification, it can also be classified according to the different colors of the same material, the different texture of the same material, the same color and different materials, and different colors.
c. Hierarchical classification
In some designs, not only through the different materials and shapes to carry out the modeling design, but also through the concave and convex, stretching, extension, etc. for hierarchical design, according to the different levels of splitting and classification labeling.
4. Selection of materials and processes
a. Selection of materials
In the selection of materials, it can be analyzed from three aspects: functionality, safety and cost:
(1) Functionality: There are many materials to achieve similar decorative effects on the intention map, and they need to be selected according to the space environment and effect requirements of the materials.
(2) Safety: First of all, we should consider the feasibility of the wall in the space used, and also consider the durability, environmental protection, fire resistance and other properties of the material.
(3) Cost: The cost determines the final selection of materials to a large extent.
b. Selection of technology
The construction process practices are mutually restricted and influenced by factors such as material type, plate size, structural size, paving method, and completion effect. It is necessary to comprehensively consider and choose reasonable process practices to achieve the desired design effect.
Taking stone as an example, different process practices correspond to different thickness of the finished surface and different cost prices.
02. Drawing expression of irregular wall design
After the scheme analysis is completed, the expression relationship of the entire drawing is relatively clear, and then we will talk about the content of the drawing from three aspects: line type and level, positioning and labeling, material and filling.
1. Line type and level
The aesthetics of the drawing surface of the drawing depends on the change of the line type, and the thickness, brightness and darkness of the line shape can make the content of the drawing more clear, accurate and efficient.
△ Example of drawings
Through the reasonable use of line color, layer attributes, printing style, etc., the line type of the surface can be better controlled, so as to enrich the surface expression effect.
△ Example of a plot style
The width of the line type is different, and the hierarchical relationship of the surface will be more obvious, usually the overall outline line adopts a thick solid line, the other details of the outline use a medium solid line, and the material filling, labeling, etc.
△ Example of drawings
When the difference in line color is reflected in the paper drawing, it will be transformed into the visual communication effect of the level of drawing information, the relationship between primary and secondary and the boundary of the material.
△ Example of drawings
For more complex modeling design, the drawings can be split by grouping and classification, according to the module unit of the design prototype, or according to the combination level of the modeling, or according to the specific grouping and classification type. As long as the content of the drawing can be clearly and unambiguously expressed.
△ Example of drawings
2. Positioning and labeling
For the ordinary modular irregular wall modeling design, select the corresponding unit module, and use the three-view principle, alignment relationship and other methods to complete the relationship between modeling and positioning labeling in a logical and orderly manner.
△ Example of drawings
For the non-modular irregular wall, there is no module, all the shapes are different, each piece is different, how to position and label the shape design in this case?
a. Through the analysis of the modeling, draw the overall projection contour modeling, regardless of whether it is concave or convex, first treat it as a whole, and mark the main outline or frame size first.
△ Example of drawings
b. Marking the internal details and modeling size, you can choose the corresponding annotation method according to the construction unit's ability to read the map, the project situation, the regional situation, etc. It can generally be divided into three types.
(1) The most simple and common method is to use the most commonly used CAD coordinate system, through the X-axis in the Y-axis direction of the annotation, or by the construction of the X-axis or Y-axis with an angle to the auxiliary line to carry out the corresponding positioning and dimensioning.
△ Example of drawings
(2) The accuracy of positioning and dimensioning is completed by the size of the grid and the grid, and the positioning is carried out according to the accuracy of the modeling size and size point.
△ Example of drawings
It should be noted that when using this expression, it should be drawn as a magnified drawing, and it mainly highlights the positioning relationship of the shape, so some details need to be simplified. At the same time, it should be noted that the line type of the grid needs to be weakened, and the modeling contour line should be the mainstay.
(3) Through the principle of coordinate annotation in CAD, the modeling control point is equivalent to latitude and longitude, and the relative coordinate system needs to be used to annotate, and a point of the outer contour line of the modeling is selected as the origin, that is, (0, 0) coordinate point, and then the coordinate annotation can be carried out.
△ Example of drawings
3. Material and filling
The materials in the façade modeling are very rich, so for the complex modeling design, how to make the material annotation and filling scheme clear and clear is the focus of the drawings.
△ Example of intent effect
In general, we can annotate and fill the corresponding materials by grouping and splitting the shapes. Complex shapes can be split into several component units, and then the corresponding materials can be labeled and filled separately in each drawing.
△ Example of drawings
Only the material labeling and filling of the main outline are expressed in the combination drawing, which can avoid the situation of unclear expression and material confusion in the drawing.
△ Example of drawings
03. Professional demonstration of irregular wall design
After the drawings are completed, it is also necessary to verify and analyze the presentation of the design effect, the expression of the construction process, the project cost control and other issues that are closer to reality, so as to self-review the rationality of the whole process.
It is worth noting that, in addition to the professional demonstration after the completion of the drawing expression, it is also necessary to continuously assist the entire deepening process through professional demonstration in the process of scheme analysis and drawing expression.
1. Design effect
Realizing the design effect is the basic principle of drawing deepening, and after the completion of the drawing content, it is necessary to further verify the design effect according to the drawing content.
△ Example of intent effect
The scale, proportion, and effect of the space and modeling can be re-checked and self-examined through 3D software to ensure that the final drawings accurately express the design intent.
△ A 3D model derived from a detailed drawing
2. Detailed structure
After the completion of the drawings, it is necessary to further verify the local environmental factors, the process skills of the construction personnel, and the material reserves to ensure the realization of the final effect.
△ Drawings guide the construction
3. Project cost
The project cost is the key to the realization of the design scheme and the determination of the design effect. It is necessary to comprehensively judge whether the cost of the project is significantly different from the initial budget according to the material selection, process selection, and skill difficulty of the whole design, so as to verify the rationality of the entire deepening design.
△ An example of a project cost statement
Brief summary.
The content of the landing process of irregular wall design will be explained to you here first. If you still want to learn more about the expression of drawings and the deepening of the modeling, or the specifications of flat façade, water, electricity, heating and fire protection, please leave a message in the comment area~
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