It's getting hot
Every summer
Nanshan people's favorite lychee is about to go on the market
Tender, juicy, crystal clear and sweet
The mention of it makes people drool
Everyone knows it~
Nanshan lychee is a famous lychee variety in Guangdong Province
It is also relatively rare to enjoy the protection of geographical indications
Well, this year's Nanshan lychee
What is the yield?
Can we achieve lychee freedom?
Next, let's go to the orchard with Xiaochuang to have a look
"I have been growing lychees in Nanshan for more than 20 years, and it is extremely rare to see this year. Speaking of the current situation of lychee flowering in Nanshan, Zeng Yani, a staff member of the scientific research department of Xili Fruit Farm, could not hide her loss.
Affected by the continuous high temperature and little rain, Nanshan lychee suffered a "heavy blow". Among them, the overall flowering rate of glutinous rice balls is less than 20%, and the overall flowering rate of cinnamon flower spikes is sporadically hung on the branches, and the overall flowering rate is less than 10%. The two are the dominant varieties of Nanshan lychee. Only the early-maturing variety Feifei Xiao was less affected, and the flowering rate reached 9 percent. According to predictions, this year, Nanshan lychees are likely to "decrease in volume and increase in price".
Nanshan Lychee is the first lychee product in China to obtain geographical indication protection, and it is also the only national geographical indication product in Shenzhen, which is well-known at home and abroad for its excellent quality and unique flavor. Xili Fruit Farm is the largest lychee production base in Shenzhen, planting more than 20,000 lychee trees, and has three bases: Niucheng Village, Moon Bay Park and Lilin Park. On April 10th, there were not many flowering trees in the lychee forest in the second branch of Xili Fruit Farm, and some of the flowering lychee trees were very sparse at a glance, which was in stark contrast to the scene of blooming last year.
Nanshan lychee enters the flowering period from March to early April, and it is a foregone conclusion that the lychee is not blooming well. According to the statistical analysis of Xili Fruit Farm, this year's glutinous rice cake and cinnamon flavor not only have a low overall flowering rate, but also a single plant flowering rate is not high, and there are very few trees with a single flowering rate higher than 50%, most of which are below 20%, and cinnamon is even less than 5%. The flower spikes are basically concentrated on a few large branches at the top of the canopy, and it is very difficult to set and preserve fruits in the later stage, especially glutinous rice balls, which are likely to have serious fruit drop.
Why is the flowering rate of lychees so low this year? Zeng Yani said that the temperature is capricious, and the fluctuation of cold and heat is the main factor in the difficulty of flowering. The period from November to February of the following year is the critical period for the differentiation of litchi flower buds, and the continuous high temperature and lack of rain and drought during the differentiation of litchi flower buds affect the photosynthesis of litchi, resulting in insufficient carbohydrate accumulation in the tree, thus affecting the completion of physiological differentiation of litchi flower buds. The rapid switch between cold and warm temperatures and drought have disrupted the rhythm of lychee growth.
It is reported that in November last year, the weather in Shenzhen was warm and rainless, with an average temperature of 22.6 °C and an average rainfall of 2.7 mm. In December, Shenzhen was warm and cold, with an average rainfall of 1.6 mm. The rainfall in the two months at the end of last year was more than 90 percent less than that of the same period in the last five years. In January and February this year, with the continuation of drought and the high temperature in winter and the rapid switch between cold and warm temperatures, the differentiation and growth of litchi flower buds were seriously affected.
Another factor of poor flowering: a large number of flowering and fruiting in 2023 will consume too much lychee tree body. In 2019, Nanshan lychee encountered a "small year", and continued to produce bumper crops in the next few years. "This year's Nanshan lychee flowering rate has hit a new low, which is a 'small year' and will significantly reduce production. Zeng Yani added.
Nanshan faces the sea on three sides and leans against the mountains on one side
It has a typical southern subtropical maritime climate
It is one of the few in the country in the center of the city
An urban area where you can taste delicious lychees
Recently
Nanshan holds activities such as the Lychee Cultural Festival
Promote the "marriage" of lychee with culture, tourism and investment promotion
Expanded the popularity of "specialty".
Every time it comes to the market
"Gourmets" will come from far and wide to try it
Or place an order online as a gift for friends and family
This year
Citizens may want to eat expensive lychees
来源 | 今日南山 记者 | 蒋晶
编辑 | 喻梦婷 责编 | 杨泽楠
Audit | Lu Dongbo, Wang Tingting
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