Corn has a long history of planting in the Qingjiang crane settlement, belongs to the "staple food" crops in the traditional crops, and the planting area has always been "going hand in hand" with the planting scale of rice.
Picture 01~02): Enshi 118 corn variety
The excellence of corn seeds is the basis for high-quality, high-yield, stable and even high yield of corn. The improvement and breeding of maize varieties are of great significance for improving maize grain yield, maize quality and ensuring food security.
Among the many excellent hybrid varieties of maize, "Enshi 118" is favored by the majority of farmers for its unique traits and wide adaptability.
In this issue, Qingjiang Crane will focus on and chat with all the teachers about the relevant knowledge of the excellent hybrid variety of corn "Enshi 118", aiming to discuss the main traits, adaptability and planting requirements of the "Enshi 118" corn variety. I hope it will be helpful to you, and actively participate in the interactive comments, forward and share the pictures and texts of this issue.
Picture 03~04): Enshi 118 seedling plant unearthed Qi seedling
The "Enshi 118" corn variety is known for its excellent agronomic traits:
The maize variety "Enshi 118" is known for its excellent agronomic traits through introduction test demonstration and production test.
"Enxian 118" is a variety developed by Wuhan "Hanfei Seed Industry", which has passed the approval of Hubei, and its approval number is: Hubei Yu 20220018.
First of all, in terms of growth potential, this variety shows strong growth ability, moderate plant height, thick stems, and strong lodging resistance. The plant height of "Enshi 118" in the field is about 300cm~330cm, the adult leaves are about 20, the upper spike leaves are 6~7, the male spike branches are 6~9, the anthers are purple, and the female flowers are red.
The ear position is 110cm~130cm, the fruit spike is conical and cylindrical, the bracts are well coated, and the spike is not exposed and the spike rots.
Picture 05~06): The high-chamber drainage cultivation mode is adopted
The grains are yellowish-white, and the cob is red and semi-dentate. The length of the fruit spike is about 20cm~22cm, the bald tip is 1~2cm, the spike thickness is 5~6cm, the spike row is 16~18 rows, and a few fruit spikes have 20~22 rows. The number of grains in the row is 38~42 grains, the weight of 100 grains is 39.2g, the seed yield of dry ears is more than 87%, and the whole growth period is 135~138 days.
Secondly, in terms of yield traits, the maize variety "Enshi 118" has the characteristics of high yield and stable yield, with neat ear position, large ears and many grains, and high 1000-grain weight, which makes its yield significantly higher than that of general varieties.
In the demonstration and production test of "Enshi 118", the average yield per mu can reach 670kg~743kg, which is 7%~13.73% higher than that of the control corn variety (Shuangyu 919) (2019~2020 district test), showing good high yield, stable yield and comprehensive stress resistance.
Picture 07~08): It can be intercropped with potatoes
In addition, the grains of this variety are of good quality and rich in nutrients, making them suitable for use as food and feed.
Corn kernels are the "yellow and white grains" and "semi-dentate" corn varieties that many growers like. According to the determination of the Grain Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the grain capacity of "Enshi 118" corn is 740g/L, the crude protein (dry basis) content is 8.79%, the crude fat (dry basis) content is 4.45%, and the crude starch (dry basis) content is 73.71%, which belongs to the type of high-quality corn varieties.
Adaptability of "Enshi 118" corn variety and approved planting area:
The "Enshi 118" corn variety has a wide range of adaptability and is able to grow in a variety of climatic and soil conditions.
Picture 09~10): Enshi 118 corn ears are well coated
Whether it is a flat dam or a hilly area, whether it is fertile soil or barren land, as long as it is properly managed, "Enshi 118" can show good growth momentum and yield performance. This wide adaptability makes "Enshi 118" the preferred variety for farmers in different regions, which helps to promote the regionalization and large-scale development of maize production.
After the demonstration of corn variety introduction test and production test, "Enshi 118" can be planted in the corn planting area below 1200m above sea level in Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province.
Picture 11~12): Weeds in a corn field
High-quality and efficient cultivation skills of "Enshi 118" corn:
Although the new corn variety "Enshi 118" has a wide range of adaptability, it is still necessary to pay attention to some key technical links in the planting process.
First of all, in terms of land selection, we should choose plots with good drainage and deep fertile and loose soil for planting, and avoid planting in low-lying places that are prone to waterlogging and difficult to drain.
Secondly, proper soil treatment should be carried out before sowing, such as deep tillage, fertilization, ash and alkali adjustment, etc., to improve soil structure and soil fertility.
Picture 13~14): Enshi 118 has a high germination rate
In the corn sowing season to the emergence of the seedling period is best to sow or raise seedlings when the ground temperature is not lower than 15 °C, below 15 °C sowing or seedlings are prone to "seedling time delay", "weak seedlings", "thin" and "seed germination reduction" and other adverse physiological phenomena, to avoid as soon as possible.
Through the sowing of seedlings and transplanting "En Test 118", it is necessary to pay attention to controlling the planting and transplanting density, maintaining the appropriate plant row spacing, and ensuring that there is enough space and nutrition for plant growth. Under normal circumstances, the planting density of "Enshi 118" is 2800~3300 basic seedlings per mu.
In addition, in the process of plant growth and development in the field of "Enshi 118", it is also necessary to pay attention to timely weeding (manual weeding can also be used, chemical weeding can also be used to replace manual weeding, and the weeding effect is better than manual weeding), insect control, disease prevention, to ensure the healthy growth of plants.
Picture 15~16): Enshi 118 corn variety emerges strongly
In the jointing and booting stage of corn (plant height of about 80~100cm), it is necessary to spray plant growth regulator to the corn plant of "Enshi 118" to control the plant growth and sturdy plants to prevent lodging. Shorten the main stem and branches, control vegetative growth, promote reproductive growth, and increase crop yield.
In terms of insect control and disease treatment, attention should be paid to the comprehensive prevention and control of gray spot, ear rot, ground tiger, black bug, fall armyworm, corn borer and other pests and diseases in the process of nutrition and reproductive growth of corn plants in the field of "Enshi 118". The selection of agents and the concentration of use can refer to the relevant knowledge sharing in the early pictures and texts of Qingjiang Crane, which will not be repeated here.
Picture 17~18): Seedling cultivation in 118 nutrient plate
The problem of reasonable fertilization and irrigation in the field of "Enshi 118" should not be underestimated:
Fertilization and irrigation (water supply and soil moisture conservation) are indispensable management measures during the growth and development of maize.
The demand for fertilizer of "Enshi 118" corn variety is relatively balanced, so the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be scientifically matched according to soil fertility and plant growth and development to meet the needs of various nutrients for plant growth.
Heavy application of basal fertilizer, light application of seedling fertilizer, heavy application of ear fertilizer. And strengthen the management of the field, pay attention to squatting seedlings, cultivating strong roots, and preventing lodging. For the kind of barren and shallow or poor fertilizer and water retention performance, do not apply too much fertilizer at one time, it is recommended to "eat less and eat more" fertilization to ensure that the later ear development period, no lack of nutrition and no lack of water, in order to make the corn ear fully grow and develop.
Picture 19~20): Corn plants of Enshi 118 in the field
At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to the timing and amount of irrigation to keep the soil moist but not too wet, so as to avoid too much water causing root rot or too little to affect plant growth.
Harvesting and storage of corn ears of "Enshi 118":
When harvesting the corn ears of "Enshi 118", it is necessary to choose the right time (preferably a sunny day) to harvest to ensure that the corn kernels are fully ripe and improve the yield and quality.
After the corn ears are harvested, it is also necessary to pay attention to the threshing, drying and storage management of corn grains to prevent the occurrence of mildew and insect pests, and ensure the quality and food safety of corn.
Picture 21~22): Enshi 118 can be planted within the range of corn planting area below 1200m
Words written at the end:
In summary, the new maize variety "Enshi 118" has become an important variety in maize production due to its excellent traits, wide adaptability and relatively simple planting requirements. Through scientific planting and management, it is expected to further improve the yield and quality of "Enshi 118" corn and contribute to the food security and sustainable development of agriculture in the mainland.
Picture 23~24): Grace test 118 of robust growth and development