You are welcome to participate in the discussion in the comment area and get more exciting articles, please click to follow and thank you for your support.
Text: Jiang Qingtong
Editor|Jiang Qingtong
Preface
Behind today's peaceful and stable global situation, in addition to the development of the military, the most important thing for various countries is economic competition, so various countries are also painstakingly developing their economies.
In this case, the manufacturing industry, as the main pillar of the economy, has naturally attracted the attention of all countries, and the mainland is naturally the leader in the manufacturing industry, and has been at the top of the world's manufacturing industry for many years.
In the current fierce competition in the world, in addition to the continent, which other regions and countries have a place in the manufacturing industry, and what manufacturing industry do these countries rely on?
As a leading manufacturing industry, what position does the continent occupy in the global manufacturing industry?
The rise of manufacturing
If the mainland is a rising star in the manufacturing industry, then Europe must represent the old man in the history of manufacturing, as the most developed region in the world as a whole.
The glory of Europe has a lot to do with their history, for us at this stage, the first and second industrial revolutions seem to be very far away, but it is also these two industrial revolutions that completely distance the Western countries from the mainland.
Although our country has ushered in rapid development in the 21st century, it has been in the stage of humiliating oppression by foreign powers for a long time in the modern history and even history of the mainland.
Although the invasion of the Great Powers began in the middle of the 19th century, this was for Western countries, almost a hundred years after the first industrial revolution.
And at that time it was already in the embryonic stage of the second industrial revolution, which is the main reason why our country suffered a century of humiliation at that time.
The industrial revolution brought great development to the industry and manufacturing industry of European countries, especially in the 19th century, and Europe was recognized as the ceiling of manufacturing in the whole world.
Especially during World War II, the scene of Germany confronting many countries on its own has a lot to do with the accumulated heritage of their two industrial revolutions.
However, with the peace of the world after World War II, countries in various regions have focused on economic development, and the manufacturing industry of European countries has begun to decline.
Although it is starting to decline, Europe still leaves many traces for the world's industrial manufacturing, such as the world's first shield machine, which came from the United Kingdom.
As a concentration of developed countries, many manufacturing industries are not suitable locally, and the main reason is the high cost of labor, resulting in high manufacturing costs and low profits, so many low-end manufacturing industries are abandoned by them.
However, in some special manufacturing industries, such as automobile manufacturing and high-end manufacturing, Europe still occupies an important place.
After all, the advanced technology that their years of industrial accumulation have brought to them is not something that can be surpassed by development in a short period of time.
Among them, in terms of manufacturing, the luxury brand "BBA" is from Europe, and there are also some high-end manufacturing industries, such as lithography machines, which are necessary for making chips.
Even though the mainland now has the title of "world factory", the continent is still blank in terms of high-end lithography machines, and these European regions are also very aware of their own advantages, and these advantages have been brought to the extreme in these years.
But only with high-end manufacturing, naturally will not have a large proportion of the world's manufacturing industry, in the data is indeed the case, the European Union 27 countries plus the United Kingdom a total of 28 countries, manufacturing added value accounted for 17.25% of the world.
Although Europe, once the cradle of manufacturing, has begun to decline for many reasons, they are still an indispensable part of the world's manufacturing industry.
The United States is still important
The current status of the United States determines that no matter what matters related to international affairs, the United States is an unavoidable node.
Especially in terms of economy, the GDP of the United States has been ranked first in the world for many years, and now the internationalization of the dollar has also brought great convenience to the economic development of the United States.
The United States has made remarkable achievements in development, you must know that the United States has only been independent for more than 200 years, in fact, the United States also missed the first industrial revolution, but fortunately they caught the last train of the second industrial revolution.
And taking advantage of the rapid development of this revolution, it became a famous industrial and manufacturing power during World War II, and during World War II, the United States built more than 1,000 warships in order to deal with major battlefields.
However, with the advent of the Cold War period, the United States began to vigorously develop its economy, and American capital withdrew from the manufacturing industry one after another, and entered the ranks of new capital.
Moreover, the United States has a common problem with European countries, that is, high labor costs, so the United States has also chosen the same measures as European countries in many low-end manufacturing industries.
Look for overseas markets, develop low-end manufacturing, and focus on developing high-end manufacturing in the local area, such as high-tech products such as chips.
In addition to the development strategy of the American state, there is a more important reason for this, which is that at that time, American capitalists were more inclined to invest.
In their eyes, they only need to play with capital to achieve the result of rolling profits, which is far smarter than ordinary manufacturing.
Because of this, the manufacturing industry in the United States ushered in a large-scale recession, and now the United States is naturally aware of this problem, and has been trying to change this situation for many years, but the effect has been small and pitiful.
In the relationship between China and the United States, the United States often mentions a word called "de-sinicization", because the United States has long relied on the mainland's manufacturing industry to meet domestic demand in recent years, and for the United States, there is a very large trade deficit between China and the United States.
According to the total trade volume between the two countries in 2022, the total amount of US exports to the mainland is less than 1/3 of the mainland's exports to the United States.
Although the United States has been calling for the development of domestic manufacturing in recent years, the effect is not obvious, according to 2021 data, the United States accounts for about 15.3% of the global manufacturing added value.
However, Mexico and Canada, which are affected by the radiation of the United States, also have a small proportion, and the proportion of the three together is about 17.74%, which is not even half of the peak of the American manufacturing industry.
The world's factory
Compared with the above two regions, the mainland manufacturing industry is undoubtedly much more developed, and has ranked first in the world for 13 consecutive years, with data from 2021 showing that the mainland manufacturing industry accounts for about 29.8% of the global manufacturing added value.
Judging from the data, the mainland's manufacturing industry now has twice the output value of the United States, and the reason why such achievements can be achieved is inseparable from the mainland's development strategy.
Although the mainland has been vigorously developing since the 50s of the last century, it should be the last 30 years that have really brought the mainland to the world.
And in the past 30 years or so, the mainland's manufacturing industry has undergone earth-shaking changes, through the optimization of the industrial structure, to achieve the upgrading from the low-end manufacturing industry to the high-end manufacturing industry.
In this process, there are also many local brands in the mainland to the world, and for the mainland, such achievements are obviously a good path for countless ancestors to naturalize for us.
Although great achievements have been made so far, this is not actually the end of our country, but more like a summary of the previous development of the mainland.
Because in many new industries, the mainland's achievements are more dazzling, such as photovoltaics, high-speed rail, new energy vehicles, 5G and other fields, the mainland is the world's first existence all year round.
For example, in the field of new energy vehicles, the latest news shows that in 2023, the total export volume of mainland automobiles will be close to 5 million, and the export weight of new energy vehicles will exceed 1.2 million, of which the export of new energy vehicles ranks first in the world.
As for the achievements made by the mainland in the field of high-speed rail, not to mention the total mileage of high-speed rail in all countries in the world, which is not as large as that of the mainland.
In addition to these obvious data, the mainland's manufacturing industry is divided into 31 categories, 179 categories and 609 sub-categories, which is one of the countries with the most complete and complete industrial categories in the world.
Potential adversaries
Looking at the proportion of manufacturing in the world, in addition to the countries in these regions, there are also South Korea, Japan, and India, which has been eyeing the mainland for many years.
However, although India has more manpower than the mainland, India also has the title of "corporate graveyard", and countless companies have no choice but to quit after going to India.
For example, Xiaomi, Foxconn, BYD and many other companies have not escaped India's "I have the final say on my territory" sanctions.
The United States, the United Kingdom, Russia and other countries have all been in the hands of India, and India is notoriously backward in terms of infrastructure, low quality staff, and notoriously "headaches" in management.
As for Russia, although it has the heritage of the Soviet Union, its development in recent years is indeed regrettable, such as the most serious problem of slow economic development.
However, we have to admire Japan and South Korea, although they do not have much territory and are relatively scarce in resources, but they also have a total proportion of 5.9% and 2.8% in the global manufacturing value-added.
summary
Manufacturing is an industry that has been abandoned by many countries, but in today's economic situation, various countries have begun to pay attention to the importance of manufacturing and try to restore their own manufacturing industry.
But this is not an overnight solution, for the capital manufacturing industry is a long time to have a return on the industry, obviously not in line with the direction of capital investment.
On the other hand, in recent years, countless countries have tried to shake the mainland's status as the "world factory" by building factories in South Asia, India and other regions, but all of them have failed.
This is all due to the fact that the well-established supply chain established by the mainland in the process of development, as well as various infrastructures, have always made the mainland occupy a dominant position in terms of cost.
Finally, it is hoped that China's manufacturing can develop better and bring greater improvement to the mainland's economy.
【Past Links】
You may not have heard of the first place of the nine Chinese private enterprises with the strongest military industry, but they are remembered by the United States
The secret of the operating room: how much can the surgeon take for a 100,000 yuan operation?
In order to escape the war, the Syrian man moved his family to live in China for 10 years and successfully obtained a Chinese green card
If you also like my article, you might as well click "Follow"! Thank you!
END
Resources
Xinhua News Agency - "Chart: The added value of manufacturing accounts for nearly 30% of the world's comprehensive strength of the mainland's manufacturing industry continues to improve"
People's Daily - "Last year, the added value of all industries in the mainland exceeded 40 trillion yuan, and the scale of manufacturing industry ranked first in the world for 13 consecutive years"
CCTV News - "Mainland Automobile Production and Sales Exceeded 30 Million for the First Time, Hitting a Record High"