In the last year of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Yi, together with Liu Bowen, Song Lian, and Ye Chen, was called "The Fourth Gentleman of Zhejiang", and they were also hired by Zhu Yuanzhang to Yingtian, who led troops to garrison Chuzhou and suggested that Zhu Yuanzhang let Li Wenzhong conquer Fujian. In the first year of Hongwu, Zhang Yi and Liu Bowen were simultaneously given the title of Yushi Zhongcheng (御史中丞).
Zhang Yi's son Zhang Cundao led the township soldiers to follow Feng Sheng on the Northern Expedition, and Hongwu died on the battlefield during the expedition with Tang He in the fifth year.
1. He was an aide to the Yuan general Shi MoYisun
Zhang Yi, zi sanyi, Longquan people, when he was born, crying loud, at the age of twenty, together with Hu Shen, he studied under Wang Yi.
Wang Yi (王毅), courtesy name Shugang, was a protégé of Xu Qian, a famous Confucian at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, who taught his hometown disciples and explained the scriptures, and those who listened to his lectures had a deep understanding.
Zhang Yi followed Wang Yi on a travel trip, interested in the study of the sages, Zhang Yi was filial in nature, friendly to people, once traveled to Jinhua, and received the courtesy of the Yuan Dynasty Xian to make Bald Jian not spend.
The rebels in Puzhou and Huangzhou attacked Longquan, and Zhang Yi's nephew Zhang Cunren was captured, and Zhang Yi stepped forward and said, "My brother only has one son, let me replace him."
The rebel army had already heard of Zhang Yi's name, wanted to recruit him, tied him to a pillar, Zhang Yi did not give in, and at night coaxed the guards to escape and flee home, gathering local young and strong to form a volunteer army to defeat the rebel army.
Soon, the Yuan dynasty government sent an army to kill all the people involved. Zhang Yi rushed to see Shi Mo Yisun and dissuaded: "The poor people are forced by cold and hunger, why should they die?" Shi Mo Yisun felt that Zhang Yi's words were reasonable, ordered his subordinates to stop acting, and left Zhang Yi as a staff member to give advice.
Soon Zhang Yi followed the rebel army that suppressed Qingyuan and Pucheng, and was named the master of Longquan, but Zhang Yi resigned and returned to his hometown. Later, Shi Moyisun was stationed in Taizhou and was surrounded by rebel troops, and Zhang Yi led the township soldiers to the rescue and repelled the rebel army.
Soon, the rebel army captured Longquan, the Yuan Dynasty official Jianxian Bao Kuding fled, and Zhang Yi and his teacher Wang Yi led strong men to repel the rebel army. After Bao Kuding returned, he was worried about being convicted of abandoning his post and escaping, so he actually killed Wang Yi and then rebelled.
Zhang Yi was serving as an aide to Shi Mo Yisun at that time, and immediately rushed back after hearing the news, and together with Hu Shen, he quelled the rebels in Songyang and Lishui. At that time, the spear army attacked Wuzhou, heard that Zhang Yi had arrived with his troops, so he retreated, and Zhang Yi was promoted to the position of Marshal of the Eastern Capital of Zhejiang in the Yuan Dynasty.
Zhang Yi said: All the people I led were the sons of my hometown, they were born into death, and now I am the only one who has obtained such a meritorious name, and I can't bear to accept it", so he resolutely resigned, and then let his son Zhang Cundao lead the volunteer soldiers and retire to Kuangshan by himself.
Second, at the same time as Liu Bowen, he was hired by Zhu Yuanzhang
Zhu Yuanzhang's army conquered Chuzhou, and Zhang Yi hid in Fujian. Zhu Yuanzhang sent someone to hire, and in March of the twentieth year of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Yi came to Yingtian with Liu Bowen, Ye Chen, and Song Lian.
Zhu Yuanzhang said to Liu Bowen, Zhang Yi, and others: "I have wronged the four gentlemen for the world, and now that the world is rising together, when will it be pacified?" ”
Zhang Yi replied: "There is no immutable law in the change and development of the world, the heavens only assist moral people, only by not killing innocents can we unify the world", "The heavenly path is impermanent, only virtue is auxiliary, only those who do not love to kill can have one ear" (Ming Shi Zhang Yi Biography).
Zhu Yuanzhang thought that Zhang Yi's words were very reasonable, so he made him the secretary of Youyingtian.
Zhang Yi inspected the fields of Jiangdong and Lianghuai, distinguishing between household registrations and determining the tax burden, which the people found very convenient.
Soon, because Zhang Yi was on vacation because of his long illness, Zhu Yuanzhang knew that he missed his mother, so he gave him a lot of rewards, let him return to his hometown and relatives, and let his son Zhang Cunhou stay in The Beijing Division.
Later, Eastern Zhejiang set up an envoy to prosecute the punishment, and Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Zhang Yi as a minister. When Hu Shen sent troops to Wenzhou, Zhang Yi was ordered to garrison the prefecture, rationally dispatch, raise grain and grass, and supply military supplies, and the people did not feel that the burden was heavy. The mountain thieves came to attack and harass, and Zhang Yi led his troops to repel them. Soon, Zhang Yi was promoted to huguang as a chayou.
At that time, Jing, Xiang and other places had just leveled the land, and many fields were barren, so Zhang Yisong asked to send a part of the troops to Tuntian and control the north in this way, which was adopted by Zhu Yuanzhang.
Song Siyan and Kong Keren were arrested for dereliction of duty, and the confession implicated Zhang Yi. Zhu Yuanzhang then sent Taishi Ling Liu Bowen to him: "I have always known that Zhang Yi abides by the law and discipline, so don't have any doubts. ”
Later, Hu Shen led his troops deep into Fujian, fell into ambush encirclement, lost his war horse, was captured and killed, the news came, Chuzhou was shaken, and Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Zhang Yi as the deputy envoy of Zhejiang Touzhou to guard the town. Zhang Yi resigned from the post of deputy envoy on the grounds that others had been convicted and only himself had been forgiven and should not be promoted.
After arriving in Chuzhou, Zhang Yi read the edict and executed the rebel leader, and the rest of the people were all pacified. Zhang Yi gathered the old troops of the former volunteer soldiers and stationed them at key points to strengthen their defenses.
3. It was suggested that Li Wenzhong lead troops to recruit Fujian
Xia Qing of Qingtian and Fan Changda of Fujian attacked Qingyuan and Longquan together, and Zhang Yi ordered the arrangement of wooden fences and formed a camp, and the other side did not dare to attack.
The Pucheng defenders did not have enough food to eat, Li Wenzhong planned to transport grain from Chuzhou, Zhang Yi believed that the cars and ships were not passable, it was difficult to ensure the safety of transportation, and at that time, there was more grain in the army, and proposed to distribute it equally, so the Pucheng defenders got enough grain.
Wenzhou Mingyang Zhou Suiqing was in danger of the mountain, and Zhang Yi ordered his son Zhang Cundao to go to Pingding. Zhu Liangzu led his troops to attack Wenzhou, and Zhang Yi heard that his troops would plunder the children of the people, and Zhang Yi sent all the people to escort them home.
After pacifying Wudi, Zhu Yuanzhang issued an edict ordering Zhang Cundao to guard the prefecture and summon Zhang Yi to return to Yingtian. Zhu Yuanzhang said to the group of ministers: "Although Zhang Yi is a Confucian subject, their father and son serve the imperial court, protect one side, and quell the rebellion, and the credit is not under the generals.", Zhu Yuanzhang asked Zhang Yi how the generals in Fujian were progressing.
Zhang Yi replied: "Tang He from the sea route, Hu Mei from Jiangxi, will be able to win, but the forces in Fujian especially admire Li Wenzhong's prestige, if Li Wenzhong from Pucheng to capture Jianning, it will be a foolproof strategy." Zhu Yuanzhang immediately issued an edict ordering Li Wenzhong to lead the army according to Zhang Yi's plan.
In the past, the tax on grain in Chuzhou was levied on thirteen thousand stones per year, which increased tenfold in wartime, and Zhang Yi told the chancellor Li Shanchang of these situations, and asked him to restore the old system and collect the previous tax amount.
Eastern Zhejiang built sea ships and went to the prefecture to collect giant trees. Zhang Yi said: "Where Chuzhou and Wuzhou intersect, the mountains and rocks are dangerous, even if there are giant trees, how to transport them out?" So it was suggested that the province stop the expropriation.
4. At the same time as Liu Bowen, he was awarded the title of Imperial History Zhongcheng
In the first year of Hongwu, Zhang Yi and Liu Bowen were simultaneously given the title of Yushi Zhongcheng (御史中丞) and also the Dafu of Zanshan.
At that time, some imperial court ministers pondered Zhu Yuanzhang's thoughts, and most of them handled things harshly and harshly, but Zhang Yi was able to consider problems from the perspective of the overall situation. Some people therefore advised him, and Zhang Yi replied: "As an example for the hundred officials, Yu Shitai should teach people to understand honesty and shame, how can they attack each other as a function?" ”
Zhu Yuanzhang personally sacrificed sheji, and suddenly the wind and rain were great, and when he returned, he sat in the court hall and angrily rebuked the officials for their improper etiquette, resulting in the thunder and anger of the heavens. Zhang Yi euphemistically pointed out that the officials were innocent, and Zhu Yuanzhang eventually pardoned them.
Li Wenzhong went out to Fujian, and Zhang Cundao led 15,000 township soldiers to follow. After pacifying Fujian, Zhu Yuanzhang issued an edict ordering Zhang Cundao to lead his troops to follow the Northern Expedition by sea. Zhang Yi insisted that this could not be done, saying: "The township soldiers are all peasants, and they have previously promised to return to the countryside to work as farmers after the end of the war, and now they are transferred to the north to march, which is untrustworthy." Zhu Yuanzhang was somewhat displeased.
Soon, Zhang Yi played: "Follow the township soldiers who went to pacify Fujian to return to the township, and the rebellious people of the past were recruited as soldiers, followed to the north, and enwei and shi, killing two birds with one stone." Zhu Yuanzhang said happily: "Who said that Confucianism is unrealistic? If it were not for Mr. Li's horse, no one would be able to accomplish this", when Zhang Yixing went to Chuzhou, his mother died, and he asked to keep filial piety at home, and Zhu Yuanzhang retained him.
Zhang Yi gathered the township soldiers and asked Zhang Cundao to go north by sea from Yongjia, and once again asked to return to the hometown to guard filial piety and get permission. Zhang Yi was excessively sad, personally carried the earth and stones when he was buried, and died of illness at the age of fifty-six. Zhu Yuanzhang was so sad that he personally wrote the memorial text and went to Zhang Yi's home to pay tribute.
Fifth, Zhang Yi's eldest son, Zhang Cundao, was killed on the battlefield
Zhang Cundao was Zhang Yi's eldest son, and after Zhang Yi defected to Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhang Yi led the volunteer soldiers to sun Yan's jurisdiction. Sun Yan ordered Zhang Yi to garrison the upper reaches, repelled Chen Youding's soldiers several times, and was later made a deputy envoy of the Marshal of chuzhou for his military achievements, and defended Pucheng.
After the death of the commander-in-chief Hu Shenzhan, Zhu Yuanzhang asked Zhang Cundao to lead his troops as a mobile force. After Zhang Yizhen guarded the prefecture, he believed that the father and son led the army and ruled over each other, which did not comply with the provisions of the law, and asked Zhang Cundao to be deposed from his official position, but was not allowed.
Soon the imperial court sent troops to Fujian, and Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Zhang Cundao to garrison The Prefecture, once again summoned the township soldiers, and followed Li Wenzhong on his expedition to Fujian. After returning, Zhang Cundao took the sea route to the Beijing Division, and Zhu Yuanzhang issued an edict to commend him, asking him to follow Feng Sheng on the Northern Expedition, and was soon made the deputy envoy of the Chuzhou Wei Commandery for his military achievements.
In the third year of Hongwu, Zhang Cundao followed Xu Da on his western expedition, stayed behind in Xingyuan, defeated the Shu general Wu Youren, and once again garrisoned Pingyang, where he was given the title of Commander of The Left Guard.
In the fifth year of Hongwu, Zhang Cundao followed Tang He out to march on Yanghe, and the Broken Head Mountain encountered the enemy army and died in battle.