On 18 October 1936, Lu Xun's apartment at No. 9 Xin Estate, Mainland China, Skota Road, Shanghai, was as usual. Lu Xun himself and his cohabitant Xu Guangping did not know that this was the last day of Lu Xun's life.
In the afternoon of the same day, Lu Xun proposed: I want to go out for a walk.
Xu Guangping was a little nervous when she heard downstairs that Lu Xun was going for a walk, and she wanted to stop him, after all, he was still seriously ill at this time, and there was a wind outside.
But when Xu Guangping put his hands down to dissuade Lu Xun from "dissipating the idea of stepping", she found that he had changed his robe and was coming down the escalator. But Xu Guangping still tried to stop him, and she whispered, "Have you worn enough clothes?" ”
After Listening, Lu Xun touched his clothes, and inside was one of his fleece vests. Then he replied, "Enough." Just when Xu Guangping was stunned, Lu Xun had already walked past her and went straight out.
"Did you bring the money for the car?" Xu Guangping then asked behind him, this time, Lu Xun did not reply to her.
Lu Xun, Xu Guangping, Zhou Hainian
When he came out of the house, Lu Xun's upstairs desk had his unfinished "Two or Three Things Remembered by Mr. Taiyan", which was a eulogy to commemorate his friend Zhang Taiyan, who died a few months ago. No one could have imagined that this article would become Lu Xun's unfinished manuscript.
Until the evening of the 17th, he was still writing the article.
After Lu Xun left home, he went to meet his Japanese friend Lu Di Qi, and on that day, they chatted for a long time in Lu Di Ge's apartment. It was not until very late that Lu Xun left his apartment.
According to Xu Guangping's "The Last Day", when Lu Xun returned on the same day, "the sky was not early."
Shortly after Lu Xun returned home, near evening, Lu Xun's younger brother Zhou Jianren came to Lu Xun's house. At this time, Lu Xun's spirit was very good, so Zhou Jianren did not care too much about his condition, and they chatted together until eleven o'clock in the evening. That day, they talked about moving after that.
Compared with Zhou Jianren, Xu Guangping was always worried about Lu Xun's illness, and in the years when Lu Xun had lung disease, she often raised her heart to her throat. She knew better than anyone that what Lu Xun needed most at this time was rest.
Zhou Jianren, Lu Xun and Xu Guangping took a group photo
Therefore, at twelve o'clock, Xu Guangping hurriedly sorted out his bedding and urged Lu Xun to say, "It's not too early, you have to rest quickly!" But At this time, Lu Xun, who was leaning on the recliner, said somewhat leisurely: "I will smoke another cigarette, and you should sleep first." ”
Although Xu Guangping is Lu Xun's actual partner, because she is 17 years younger than Lu Xun and is a student of Lu Xun, she and Lu Xun are always more cautious than ordinary couples in getting along. Therefore, on that day, although she was already very unhappy, she did not have too many requirements for Lu Xun, even for the sake of his health.
After Xu Guangping lay down, Lu Xun did sit on a recliner and smoke a cigarette. Lu Xun's addiction to smoking was extremely great, according to his close friend Xu Shousheng's record in the "Biography of Lu Xun": Lu Xun smoked 50 cigarettes a day. And because of the financial hardship, the cigarettes he smoked were cheap.
Xu Shousheng wrote about Lu Xun's smoking addiction: "(He) woke up in the morning and smoked in the tent, so when he stayed in the guild, his white mosquito net became yellow and black."
Undoubtedly, a large number of smoking damaged Lu Xun's health, which Lu Xun, who studied medicine, naturally understood.
According to common sense, Lu Xun, who suffers from tuberculosis, is the most inappropriate smoker, because smoking will affect the treatment effect of tuberculosis, in addition, smoking can also enhance liver enzyme activity, accelerate the metabolism of drugs in the liver, thereby reducing the absorption and utilization of drugs by the human body. Most importantly, smoking also affects the healing of tuberculosis foci, worsening resting lesions.
Lu Xun conceived
Therefore, Lu Xun's smoking during the treatment of tuberculosis is equivalent to suicide.
For this, Xu Guangping, who has received higher education, must also know it. But she still did not stop it, naturally because she had too much respect for Lu Xun in ordinary days and lacked the sense of discipline that a husband and wife should have.
When Lu Xun returned to bed after smoking, Xu Guangping was not asleep, she looked at the clock, and it was already one o'clock in the morning.
When he slept until two o'clock, Lu Xun woke up, and at this time he was probably already a little uncomfortable because of the fatigue of the day, but he did not tell Xu Guangping. He got up and finished his solution and lay down again.
Xu Guangping did not know that Lu Xun,who had always liked to support himself, was already very uncomfortable with his body at this time. But because he didn't want to disturb Xu Guangping, he had been silently enduring the torment of illness, and he thought: It is not too late to ask a doctor when it is dawn.
Lu Xun's "tough guy image" of being able to carry and support has long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, but the world does not know to what extent he "can support" it. In fact, Lu Xun's ability to support has shocked American lung disease experts.
Just four months ago, Dr. D, an American lung specialist, had diagnosed Lu Xun, and after he gave Lu Xun auscultation, he was surprised: "He (Lu Xun) is the most disease-resistant typical Chinese I have ever seen, and if he had died five years ago in Europe." ”
After listening to Dr. D's diagnosis, the relatives and friends around him could not help but cry.
But Lu Xun refused his treatment precisely because of his diagnosis, and as to why, he later explained it himself in the "Miscellaneous Essays on Death", saying: "His medicine came from Europe, and he certainly did not learn the method of prescribing a prescription for a patient who had been dead for five years. ”
In addition to refusing the diagnosis and treatment of American doctors, Lu Xun also refused to go abroad, especially to Japan for treatment, and even refused to accept hospitalization. This is why Lu Xun was terminally ill at the time, but he stayed in his shanghai apartment.
Why did Lu Xun refuse to go to the hospital or go abroad for treatment?
On this point, Lu Xun's relatives and friends have different views, Xu Shousheng's view is: Lu Xun is financially strapped, unable to raise the cost of going abroad or going to the hospital for treatment.
Some people also believe that the reason why Lu Xun refused to go abroad for treatment was that China was terminally ill at that time, and he did not want to delay the precious time to save the country with a pen, so he chose to stay in China and carry it hard.
Later, Lu Xun's son Zhou Hainian's description of their economic situation at that time in "Lu Xun and Me Seventy Years" seemed to prove the correctness of Xu Shousheng's view.
Zhou Haiying said in his recollection: "Originally, when my father was alive, considering that my life was in danger, my age was young and sick, and I was afraid that my mother would not be able to find a job for a while. So save a sum of money to make sure that coarse tea and light rice can be used in just a few years. This money is only a little bit left after the funeral. ”
From this description, it can be seen that Lu Xun's economic situation at that time was indeed not good. Lu Xun's writing fees belonged to the top among the literati at that time, but he also lacked money, which was naturally related to his long illness, like to buy books, smoke, and like to fund his descendants.
Another reason why Lu Xun refused to go abroad for treatment was probably related to his overly optimistic assessment of his condition.
Shortly before that, Lu Xun had a dream during his serious illness, and he later told Xu Guangping about this dream.
In the dream, he encountered two enemies in ambush, and when they were about to attack him, he said to them, "Are you going to attack me when I am sick?" It doesn't matter, I still have a dagger by my side! Lu Xun told Xu Guangping that after saying this in his dream, he threw the dagger at the enemy.
This was obviously a good dream, and Lu Xun's illness really got a lot better after that. Lu Xun even picked up his pen again to fight, and Xu Guangping said in writing this part: "He can still work, just like before he was ill." He fights with us against all evil forces. ”
It can be seen that at that time, Lu Xun and Xu Guangping were wrongly estimated the condition.
At two o'clock in the morning of the 18th, after Lu Xunxiao finished lying back on the bed, due to the pain in his body, he slept very unsteadily. In the confusion, he had a nightmare, in which countless ambushed enemies rushed towards him, and Lu Xun in the panic took out his dagger again, but this time, he did not have the strength to throw the dagger...
After waking up from the nightmare, Lu Xun immediately sat up. Xu Guangping rushed to Lu Xun's side, and she noticed that his breathing was somewhat abnormal, as if he was just beginning to breathe. Sure enough, after a while, Lu Xun began to cough and gasp, and this time the coughing seemed to be more severe than the panting.
When he stopped coughing so much, Lu Xun told Xu Guangping about his nightmare.
Xu Guangping was worried in her heart, she wanted to go to the doctor immediately, but after looking at the watch, she dispelled the idea, and she later said in her memory: "It was late at night, it was inconvenient to ask a doctor, and when he coughed for the third time, it seemed that he was not as bad as the first two times." ”
Xu Guangping then hurriedly took out the "Kusur" asthma medicine that she had purchased at home before, and after reading the instructions, she took it for Lu Xun three times every two hours.
It wasn't until 5:40 a.m., when Xu Guangping fed Lu Xun the third time he took "Kusur", that she realized that the medicine had no effect.
In fact, from half past three, Lu Xun's illness was very bad, not only could he not sleep peacefully, but he could not even recline and rest. The severe pain made Lu Xun can only bend his body all night, and in order to make himself feel better, Lu Xun sat with his hands on his legs when he bent over.
Xu Guangping was extremely sad when he looked at it from the sidelines, what kind of forbearance Lu Xun was, and what kind of pain he should bear. She wanted to hug him to give him some comfort, but she couldn't really hold him in either direction as he curled up and held his legs.
At that moment, Xu Guangping felt a great sadness in her heart, she heard Lu Xun's heartbeat getting faster and faster, and she was extremely scared in her heart. In The Last Day, she writes about this part by saying:
"Mentally, although I share his suffering, physically he bears all the tribulations alone. His heart was beating fast, the banging sound, and I could hear it very clearly next to him. ”
Lu Xun, who studied medicine, pressed the pulse door of his right hand with his left hand at dawn, and he probably estimated his heartbeat at this time, and then he quickly curled up with his hands on his legs.
At this time, Lu Xun's consciousness was still very clear, and it was obvious that the severe pain had not completely destroyed him. He clearly told Xu Guangping to let him go to Mr. Tonezan at seven o'clock to call the doctor.
At six o'clock in the morning of the 18th, Xu Guangping hurriedly washed up, and at about half past six, he was ready to go to Mr. Uchiyama.
The "Mr. Uchiyama" here is Lu Xun's best foreign friend in life: the owner of the Uchiyama Bookstore in Japan, Uchiyama Kanzoku. Since the two met in 1927, they have forged a good friendship. In 1929, Uchiyama completed the construction and even simply moved the bookstore to No. 11 Scotta Road, which is very close to Lu Xun's residence.
The reason why Uchiyama and Uchiyama Bookstore have always been able to gain Lu Xun's trust is because Uchiyama Bookstore has been helping to sell progressive books during special periods. The Uchiyamas themselves are Christian, so they naturally oppose The Japanese invasion of China.
More importantly, Uchiyama completed a lot of help to Lu Xun, and Dr. Sudo, who came to Lu Xun's residence for treatment during Lu Xun's serious illness, was helped by Uchiyama Complete. This is also the reason why after Lu Xun became seriously ill, he asked Xu Guangping to find Neishan to finish the phone and ask for medical treatment.
When Xu Guangping was preparing to go out, Lu Xun asked her to wait for a while, and she was stunned for a moment and then reacted: he was going to write a note as usual.
When Lu Xun propped himself up and sat down at his desk, Xu Guangping noticed that his brow was twisted together. Lu Xun kept panting when he asked for paper and pencil, put on his glasses, and prepared to write a note. Xu Guangping saw the busyness and said, "Don't write it, I will personally ask Mr. Uchiyama." ”
But how could Lu Xun, who has always been extremely strict in his work, be willing to do it? He stubbornly grabbed his pen and tried to write the first word on the paper, but after writing only one word he coughed violently. Xu Guangping patted it and proposed again: "Don't write it! Lu Xun did not answer, and looked very unhappy, Xu Guangping even stopped talking.
After reluctantly starting to write, Lu Xun kept writing typos, so the words on the note that day became "every word corrected and corrected." Xu Guangping's eyes filled with tears, and she painfully asked him again not to write: "The rest is up to me!" ”
When Lu Xun heard this, even though his face was full of anger, he put down his pen and sighed, and then he picked up the pen again and continued to write. I don't know how long it took for him to finally make up the note. This note is the ink of Lu Xun's life.
When Xu Guangping arrived at the bookstore with a note, the bookstore had not yet opened, so she had to hurry to Mr. Uchiyama's apartment. After hurriedly entrusting him, Xu Guangping hurried home.
Lu Xun and Uchiyama finished building and so on
After getting the note, Uchiyama only looked at the note and immediately tensed up, the note was full of altered handwriting, and he realized: "Lu Xun's situation is not good." After making the phone call and repeatedly instructing him, he hurried to Lu Xun's residence.
After Uchiyama arrived and personally fed Lu Xun medicine, he personally massaged his back to relieve his pain. After Lu Xun's pain eased a little, he said to Neishan, "I am very bitter! Xu Guangping and Neishan on the side were extremely uncomfortable when they heard it.
Soon after, Dr. Sudo came, and after he finished injecting Lu Xun, he hurriedly asked Xu Guangping to prepare a hot water bottle for Lu Xun to warm his feet. Xu Guangping noticed at this time that Lu Xun's hands and feet were cold, and the two nails of his right hand were already purple.
Xu Guangping later speculated in his recollection that "the purple fingernails were probably due to the perversion of blood pressure."
At that time, she obviously did not know that Lu Xun's right thumb and index finger were purple, which was actually related to the long-term compression of his right thumb and index finger when he wrote. The long-term pen writing has already made the blood vessels under the two fingernails of his right hand abnormal.
Lu Xun created more than 7 million words of works in his lifetime, and it should be noted that more than 7 million words were all written with a stroke of his right hand.
Xu Guangping did not notice the details, but Sudo, as a doctor, noticed. He looked at Lu Xun's right hand and sighed, Xu Guangping saw that his heart was immediately nervous, and she later wrote: "I saw that the doctor paid attention to his fingers, and I thought that this time it was very unusual and more serious. ”
After Lu Xun got better, he asked to sit back on the chair in front of his writing desk, yes, this chair was the place where he created, this was also his battlefield, the place he used to awaken the numb people and fight the enemy. Here, without a doubt, is his favorite place.
After all, the chair in front of the writing desk was not suitable for patients to rest, and at Xu Guangping's request, he finally changed to a recliner and sat down.
At eight o'clock in the morning of the 18th, Lu Xun's newspaper arrived. Therefore, he asked Xu Guangping, "What is the matter in the newspaper?" Xu Guangping obviously did not want Lu Xun to read the newspaper at such a time, so she said: "There is nothing, only the advertisement of "Translation". ”
After answering, seeing that Lu Xun still seemed to want to ask, Xu Guangping said: "Your translation of "Dead Souls" is published, on the first article. Ads for "The Writer" and "Middle Stream" are not yet available. ”
Lu Xun's translation of "Dead Souls"
The reason why Xu Guangping mentions "advertising" is because she knows Lu Xun too well, and he often does not pay much attention to all kinds of articles that scold him when he reads the newspaper on weekdays, but he is very concerned about the advertisement of what books.
The reason why Lu Xun was so anxious about the advertising of these new books was because the authors of these progressive books were his descendants, and many of them were still authors who were promoted by him, but because they had not yet become famous, their books always faced various problems when they were published.
Xu Guangping always remembers that every time an advertisement for a progressive book was published, Lu Xun would be very excited, and his cheerfulness was even the same as that of printing a good book for publication. If the book originally scheduled for publication did not come out with an advertisement, Lu Xun would be very anxious, and he would even have all kinds of changes in the virtual, until the advertisement came out or the publication was in hand.
On the same day, after hearing the words "The advertisements for "Writer" and "Middle Stream" have not yet been received", Lu Xun said to Xu Guangping in a commanding tone: "The newspaper has brought me glasses." ”
Xu Guangping knew that she couldn't stop Lu Xun from reading the newspaper, but she also had a way, and she only gave him a newspaper with an advertisement. After getting the newspaper, Lu Xun took a breath and carefully read the "Translation" advertisement.
When Lu Xun read the newspaper, Xu Guangping had been worried in her heart, she knew that as long as she got the written things, Lu Xun's brain would run at a high load, which was obviously a taboo for recuperation.
What Xu Guangping could not accept the most was that in this distressed situation, he was still thinking about others. This kind of thing is something that Xu Guangping himself would never be able to do. So, later, when she recalled this passage, she lamented: "This, I did not understand him, I did not deserve to admire him." ”
Lu Xun, who Xu Guangping said that "she is not worthy of admiration", has been "diagnosing the pulse" for the country, the nation, and the people all his life. However, his way of diagnosing the pulse is based on writing. This Lu Xun, who was scolded by Liang Shiqiu as "only broken and will not stand", that is, Lu Xun, who can only diagnose illness and will not prescribe a prescription, even in the eyes of Liang Shiqiu and other opponents, is also a very backbone and extremely loving the existence of the people.
It is also because he has the backbone and loves the people deeply, so he can scold to the point. When he witnessed the numbness of the people, he once scolded bitterly: "Chinese dare not face all aspects squarely, and use concealment and deception to create a strange escape route, thinking that they are on the right path." On this road, it proves that the national nature is weak, lazy and clever. ”
In "The Scream", Lu Xun, who hates iron and steel, scolds the numb people like this: "All foolish citizens, no matter how sound their physique and how strong they are, can only be meaningless materials and spectators." ”
Lu Xun used the characters of his works, such as Xiang Linjie, Ah Q, Kong Yiji, etc., to open the sores of China to the Chinese people, and this display was profound enough and shocking enough. Lu Xun's awakening plan awakened some people, and some of them joined Lu Xun's ranks.
Lu Xun's works
This kind of thing naturally made Lu Xun feel hope. However, at this juncture, he himself was terminally ill. Undoubtedly, he was not willing to leave.
Until noon on the 18th, Lu Xun, whose pain had not eased, still wanted to fight with the god of death. In his confusion, he heard Dr. Sudo say to Xu Guangping, "After today's night, it will be better to stay up until tomorrow." "He decided to get through it.
At noon, Lu Xun, who had no appetite, tried to eat most of the half cup of milk, and he knew that he needed food supplements.
At six o'clock in the afternoon, the nursing nurse injected and inhaled acid and oxygen to Lu Xun. Lu Xun vaguely felt that he seemed to be getting better, so after a while he asked Xu Guangping, "Is it milk coming?" After receiving a positive answer, he said, "Give me some to eat." ”
Lu Xun could only drink milk, and he couldn't eat anything else. But even if it was milk, he couldn't eat it anymore, but he knew that if it was too weak, he would definitely not be able to support it. So he tried again to drink a small half cup of milk.
In the evening, Uchiyama, who had been busy all day, proposed that Lu Xun's younger brother Zhou Jianren come over. When he made this decision, he was clearly prepared for the worst. Xu Guangping obviously did not understand the meaning of Uchiyama's completion, so she stood up and said, "I asked him (Lu Xun) if he wanted to see Mr. Jianren, and he said no." So didn't come. ”
After listening, Uchiyama said, "It is better to invite him." Xu Guangping rarely saw Uchiyama finish so insistent, so she turned around and asked Zhou Jianren. Xu Guangping's speculation at the time was that Uchiyama was tired after a busy day and had to find someone to change hands.
When Zhou Jianren rushed to his brother Lu Xun's hospital bed, Lu Xun was already very inconvenient to speak, as long as he opened his mouth, coughing and panting would follow. Xu Guangping was surprised that Lu Xun, whose hands and feet were cold at this time, had been sweating, and she felt that the sweat at this time was more sticky and cold than usual.
At this time, Mr. Sudo's diagnosis and treatment of Lu Xun had changed his strategy, and every two hours he injected Lu Xun with a cardiotonic injection and inhaled oxygen.
When Xu Guangping wiped Lu Xun's sweat, Lu Xun subconsciously held her hand several times. This action, Lu Xun usually did not. In the early hours of the morning, Lu Xun said to Xu Guangping with some pain: "It's not early, you can also sleep." Xu Guangping said, "I don't doze off. ”
Xu Guangping was really not sleepy that day, because the doctor had left at this time, so she had been worried in her heart. But she wasn't ready for the worst at this point, and she thought to herself, "It's better to survive tonight and tomorrow." She was even sure that he could get through it.
Lu Xun and Xu Guangping
In order to make Lu Xun not worry about himself, Xu Guangping rested on the foot of the bed opposite Lu Xun. Xu Guangping did not dare to really rest, she did not even close her eyes, during this time, Lu Xun looked up at her several times, and she still looked at him. Lu Xun seemed to have something to say to her, but every time, he didn't say anything and lay down again.
After Lu Xun made such abnormal moves several times, Xu Guangping suddenly had an ominous premonition. She suddenly wondered if he had a hunch that he was no longer able to do it. Of course, Xu Guangping did not dare to ask Lu Xun, she only tried to pretend to be relaxed, and she wanted to tell Lu Xun in this way: You will be fine.
When Xu Guangping went to wipe Lu Xun's sweat again, he squeezed her hand again. But Xu Guangping did not dare to hold him back, she was afraid of irritating him sad, so she gently released his hand again to cover him with a quilt.
"Never holding back" later became a regret in Xu Guangping's life, and Lu Xun said a month after his death:
Later, I thought back: I don't know, should I also hold his hand, or even hug him tightly. In the hands of Death, take back my beloved ones. It's too late! Death sang a triumphant song. My regrets that I can't get back. ”
Death came, and he came with the night in the early morning of the 19th.
In the early hours of the morning, Lu Xun got up for the last time, when he looked a little irritable, and after lying down again, he frequently pushed away the quilt. The caretaker saw it and had to say, "Your heart is very weak now, and you can't move around." After hearing this, Lu Xun did not push the quilt much.
At five o'clock in the morning, Lu Xun's wheezing became lighter and lighter. Xu Guangping sensed the abnormality, and the nurse injected him again, and this time, her movements seemed to be more rapid than usual.
After the injection, the nurse turned her head and asked Xu Guangping to go to the doctor. Before leaving, Xu Guangping looked at Lu Xun on the bed very uneasy, only to see that Lu Xun was already slightly inward at this time, and his breathing was very slight.
When Xu Guangping returned, Lu Xun on the bed had stopped moving. But she didn't know how serious it was, and they told her to call him, and she called out to him. But this time, no matter how she shouted, Lu Xun didn't have any reaction...
Later, Xu Guangping sighed when talking about the moment of life and death:
"They wanted me to call out to him, and I didn't see him calling out. It was so dark, and the darkness before dawn swept him away. Darkness is such a great force that even he who has been fighting for decades cannot resist it. ”
Lu Xun did not survive that long night after all, and he left completely at the age of 55.
Lu Xun's remains
Lu Xun did not have time to say goodbye to Xu Guangping, and naturally did not have time to say goodbye to zhou Haiying, the only son upstairs. In the early morning, when Zhou Haiying woke up from a deep sleep, she felt that the morning was different from usual. It was already bright, but no one told him to get up.
Usually, at this time, he was already on his way to school, and when he was wondering why the maid Xu Mama did not wake him up, Xu Mama had reached the third floor, and after seeing Zhou Haiying, who had just been dressed, she said: "Don't go to school this morning." 7-year-old Zhou Haiying seemed to realize something, and he asked in surprise: "Why." Xu Mama blushed and said, "Daddy is gone, Nong don't want to go downstairs now." ”
Zhou Hainian listened to where he would not go downstairs, and immediately he ran downstairs and rushed to his father's room.
When Zhou Hainian entered his father's room, he felt a sense of lowness that he had never felt before, and he looked directly at his father on the bed: he was still like asleep after a night of writing in his daily life. Xu Guangping pulled her son over with tears in her eyes, and she hugged him tightly, afraid of losing something again.
An indescribable sadness enveloped the young Zhou Haibao, who clung to his mother and shed silent tears. For a long time, she heard the voice of her mother Xu Guangping: "Now that Nong's father is gone, the two of us are dependent on each other." ”
Xu Guangping and Zhou Haiying
Soon after Zhou Hainian arrived in Lu Xun's room, Lu Xun's room came one after another, including those who recorded movies, those who took photos, and those who made plaster portraits of Lu Xun after death...
Because he was in a hurry, Lu Xun did not leave a last word.
But Lu Xun did not really leave any last words, in fact, he secretly wrote his last words a few months before his death, but his way is still very "Lu Xun": he uses an article called "Death".
"Death" was written when Lu Xun was seriously ill, and it was published in the second issue of Zhongtian magazine in 1936, on September 5 of that year, more than a month before Lu Xun's death. In it, he writes:
“...... When Europeans are dying, they often have a ritual of asking others to forgive, and they also forgive others. My enemies are numerous, and if a new type of person asks me, how will I answer? I thought about it for a moment and decided: Let them resent it, and I will not forgive any of them. ”
In this article, Lu Xun also personally drew up seven wills for himself, the first three of which were to explain his funeral after death. The gist is: "Quickly collect the funeral, bury the pull down, do not make a memorial, and do not charge money for funerals."
The fourth article of the will was obviously written to Xu Guangping, who said: "Fourth, forget me, manage your own life, if not, it is really confused." ”
Xu Guangping later took this sentence from "Death" as a will left by Lu Xun to her.
The fifth will in "Death" is undoubtedly written to his son Zhou Haiying, who said: "Fifth, when the child grows up, if he has no talent, he can find some small things to live, but he cannot be an empty writer or artist." ”
Lu Xun's will has always been remembered by his son Zhou Haiying, and when he grew up, he chose radio because he thought he had little talent, and after graduating from the radio major of the Physics Department of Peking University, he worked in related fields and eventually became a radio expert in China.
Lu Xun's son Zhou Hainian in his later years
The sixth and seventh testaments in "Death" appear to be for Xu Guangping and his son, but in fact they are more like the ones he wrote to the people of the world:
"Sixth, do not take seriously what others allow you; seventh, those who damage the teeth and eyes of others but oppose revenge and advocate tolerance will never get close to him."
And these two sentences are further interpreted as: sixth, do not have any expectations of yourself, others, and the world; seventh, stay away from hypocrisy, moral kidnapping, and false tolerance.
Yes, the last clause of the will is actually Lu Xun cursing people, he is indirectly cursing the hypocrisy, moral kidnapping, and false tolerance of the world. The last words are so sharp and full of combat effectiveness, the only one in the whole of China must be Lu Xun, who is called the "soul of the nation."
After Lu Xun's death, he was buried in the Shanghai All Nations Cemetery. On the days of the funeral, tens of thousands of people in Shanghai spontaneously went to the Wanguo Funeral Home to pay respects to Lu Xun's remains and send him to the funeral.
Lu Xun's funeral
Regarding Lu Xun's funeral, the later Ye Shengtao once wrote in the article "Xiang Feng Yi Mo":
"One by one, the automatically assembled teams raised flags or banners with slogans written on them, sang the popular anti-enemy songs or temporary songs of the time, gathered from all directions in Shanghai to the cemetery, and everyone began to shovel the soil and bury the coffin of Mr. Lu Xun, who was covered with the banner of 'national soul'. Such a thing has never happened in Shanghai, and it has never happened in all of China. ”
"People coming in from all directions", "slogans", "anti-war songs", "shovel shovels", "flags", these elements undoubtedly make Lu Xun's funeral full of combat. Such a funeral is probably the most in line with Lu Xun's temperament.
Lin Yutang once commented on Lu Xun in his eulogy for "The Death of Lu Xun":
"If you don't fight, you won't be happy, if you don't wear armor, you won't be happy, even if you have no front to cross, no spear to hold, pick up a stone and throw a dog, even if you are in the middle, you will be happy in your chest..."
Lin Yutang's unspoken meaning is that Lu Xun is actually not a literati, but a warrior who fights for the country and the nation!
Lu Xun's posthumous face mold
At the end of this eulogy, Lin Yutang sighed:
With a loud laugh, he regained his sword to stab the world. The fire was incessant, and the sigh was endless, so Lu Xun's intestinal injuries, stomach injuries, liver injuries, lung injuries, and blood vessel injuries, and Lu Xun could not afford it, whimpering, And Lu Xun thought that he could not afford it. ”
The implication of Lin Yutang's words is: Instead of saying that Lu Xun died of illness, it is better to say that "he died in battle"! Because, his real cause of death is undoubtedly fighting!