As a fruit, kiwifruit, in its natural distribution and in large-scale cultivation practices over the years, shows that there are strict requirements for the growing environment. Especially during the flowering and pollination period of kiwifruit, the requirements for environmental conditions are even more significant, which directly affects the yield and quality of kiwifruit. Therefore, in the cultivation process, management must be strengthened to create growth and environmental conditions conducive to the flowering and pollination of kiwifruit.
The importance of temperature
Temperature is one of the main factors restricting the distribution, growth and development of kiwifruit. Each variety has a suitable temperature range, and anything above or below this range can lead to poor growth or non-survival. Kiwifruit has strict temperature requirements during the flowering and pollination period. According to the study, when the temperature is greater than 15°C, the pollination effect is good, while when the temperature is lower than 9°C, the fruit setting rate decreases, and the fruit quality is also affected. Especially during the flowering period, the late spring cold may have a great impact on early flowering varieties such as Chinese kiwifruit.
The criticality of humidity
Kiwifruit has strict requirements for air humidity and soil moisture, especially during the flowering period. The air humidity generally reaches more than 55%, and less than 29% is not conducive to pollination and fertilization. In the northern regions, the air humidity is low during the dry season, so it is necessary to increase the humidity and create humidity conditions conducive to pollination and fertilization.
Suitability of light
Most kiwifruit varieties prefer a semi-shady environment, are sensitive to strong light exposure, and belong to medium light-loving fruit trees. Kiwifruit requires sufficient light during the flowering and pollination period, but too much light is not good for it. Therefore, under the condition of natural light intensity, 40%-45% light intensity is more pleasant.
The effects of wind
Wind damage will not only affect the normal development of the tree, reduce fruit yield and quality, but may also affect the differentiation of flower buds, which will affect the next year's fruit. Therefore, in the process of building the garden, it is necessary to choose a leeward hillside and set up a windbreak in a place that is vulnerable to strong winds. The impact of high winds on kiwifruit pollination needs to be noted, suitable wind is conducive to pollination, but strong winds will have adverse effects on bee pollination, and will also affect non-contact pollination, thus affecting the pollination effect.
The importance of soil
The quality of soil conditions will indirectly affect the flowering and pollination of kiwifruit, especially the lack of soil moisture during the flowering period will affect the pollination process. In order to be adequately pollinated, soil moisture requirements must be met during the flowering and pollination period of kiwifruit.
The threat of frost
Kiwifruit grows normally in areas with no or little frost. In frost areas, early frosts in early autumn and late frosts in early spring can affect their normal development. In order to avoid frost damage, the cultivation area must be selected in an area that meets the demand for kiwifruit during the frost-free period.
The impact of vegetation
Vegetation has a great influence on the growth and distribution of kiwifruit. By increasing the air humidity of the orchard canopy, dispersing strong light, and balancing the temperature, the vegetation forms a microclimate conducive to flowering and pollination. However, when the flowering period of vegetation is the same as that of kiwifruit, it may not be conducive to the pollination of bees, so it is necessary to adjust the flowering period of vegetation or cut grass to remove flowers in time to promote the activities of bees on kiwipe.
In general, in order to ensure the normal growth and high yield and high quality of kiwifruit, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the influence of temperature, humidity, light, wind, soil, frost, vegetation and other factors in the cultivation process, and manage it scientifically and reasonably.