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Flipped the table in anger and smashed Stalin's pipe! The Mongolian prime minister humiliated Stalin in public! In the end, he was sentenced to death.
After secession from China, Mongolia did not gain real independence, and the strong intervention of the Soviet Union made Mongolia almost a "vassal state" of the Soviet Union, and some even jokingly called Mongolia the sixteenth Soviet republic.
But it was in this situation that the Soviets personally supported the Mongolian Prime Minister Genden, who came to power, insulted Stalin in public, and even smashed Stalin's beloved pipe!
Why, then, was Genden, as a pro-Soviet representative, so angry, and how did the humiliated Stalin react?
1. The relationship between Mongolia and the Soviet Union
The relationship between Mongolia and the Soviet Union dates back to the 13th century. At that time, with the rise of the Mongol Empire, the entire Eurasian continent was conquered by the Mongol iron cavalry, including parts of Tsarist Russia.
In the 17th century, a growing Russian Russia began to expand into Central Asia and began to colonize Mongolia. From this time on, the influence of Tsarist Russia on Mongolia deepened, which also laid the foundation for future contacts between the Soviet Union and Mongolia.
In 1911, with the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Mongolia declared its independence and the state of Mongolia was established. But independent Mongolia did not gain real autonomy as a result, and secession from China gave other countries the opportunity to interfere in Mongolia's internal affairs.
In fact, the Soviet Union played a crucial role in the reason why Mongolia was able to become independent from China. In the early days of Mongolia's independence, the Chinese government refused to recognize Mongolia's independence, but the Soviet Union took advantage of the situation and strengthened its presence in Mongolia in an all-round way.
After the signing of the Treaty of Friendship between Mongolia and the Soviet Union, Mongolia decided to decide its own ownership by referendum, and under the strong interference and secret manipulation of the Soviet Union, Mongolia finally gained independence and established the Mongolian People's Republic.
At this time, Mongolia successfully established itself with the help of the Soviet Union, but it also paid a huge price for it.
All affairs of Mongolia had to be supervised by the Soviet Union, and even internal affairs, which symbolized sovereignty, could not be decided by itself, so it can be said that Mongolia at this time had become a "vassal state" of the Soviet Union.
In order to strengthen its rule over Mongolia, the Soviet Union first reformed the Mongolian mind.
At that time, the Mongols believed in Genghis Khan the most, but the Soviet Union was extremely disgusted by this, and forbade the Mongols to post anything related to Genghis Khan in their homes.
Soviet control over Mongolia was also reflected militarily. A large number of Soviet troops were stationed in Mongolia, and although this greatly violated Mongolia's sovereignty, Mongolia could only dare to be angry but did not dare to speak, and allowed the Soviet Union to station troops in Mongolia.
At this time, the whole world believed that Mongolia had become the sixteenth Soviet republic, but Mongolia chose the former between pro-Soviet and pro-Soviet, and the Soviet Union controlled Mongolia by supporting its leaders.
The USSR demanded that all leaders of Mongolia go to the USSR for training.
On the one hand, the reason why the Soviet Union did this was to examine the political leanings of the other side and to ensure that it would not act unfavorably after taking office.
On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the infusion of Soviet ideas and ensure that the leaders of Mongolia are always pro-Soviet.
As a representative of the pro-Soviet faction in Mongolia, Genden was deeply appreciated by the Soviet authorities, and the Soviet Union helped him to successfully ascend to the position of prime minister of the Mongolian People's Republic.
However, after taking office, Genden gradually realized that under the rule of the Soviet Union, Mongolia had no chance of development at all, and if it was allowed to develop in this way, Mongolia would lose its future completely.
And the Soviet side would never have imagined that the "puppets" they personally supported would become the pioneers of Mongolia's anti-Soviet struggle in the future, and even openly provoke Stalin in public!
2. Turning the table in anger and blatant accusations! Genden made a complete break with Stalin
In fact, the main reason why Genden obeyed the Soviet Union was that under the situation at that time, Mongolia urgently needed a strong backer like the Soviet Union, and did not really want to join the Soviet Union.
But in the face of the powerful Soviet Union, Genden knew that the disparity in power made him have no say in the dialogue with the Soviets, and could only be at the mercy of the Soviet Union, although the Soviet Union did not show that it wanted to completely annex Mongolia, but their control over Mongolia was deepened again and again.
In order for Mongolia to be more inclined to itself, the Soviet Union carried out reforms of Mongolia's economic system. The reformed Mongolian economic system was no different from the collectivized economy of the Soviet Union, and introduced the Soviet policy of class division into Mongolia.
However, this economic system was completely unsuitable for the actual situation in Mongolia at that time, and such a large-scale economic restructuring also brought disastrous consequences to Mongolia.
The consequences of forcibly following the Soviet Union's economic restructuring soon became apparent. At that time, the Mongolian people mainly relied on animal husbandry for their livelihood, but in the context of collectivization, a large number of cattle and sheep raised by the Mongolian people were confiscated.
After losing the livestock on which they depended, the living standards of the Mongolian people also fell off a cliff, and even reached the point where the problem of food and clothing could not be solved.
Not only did the people's lives go terribly wrong, but Mongolia's national economy was on the verge of collapse due to the intervention of the Soviet Union. In order to escape this catastrophe, a large number of Mongolian people tried to escape Mongolia and fend for themselves.
At this time, a part of the Mongols had realized that under the rule of the Soviet Union, Mongolia had no way out, and if it was left to the mercy of the Soviet Union, Mongolia would either eventually perish or be annexed by the Soviet Union.
In order to strengthen its rule in Mongolia, the Soviet Union began to carry out a purge in Mongolia in the thirties of the last century. According to statistics, more than 20,000 high-ranking Mongolian officials were shot dead during this period.
After the opposition was purged of the opposition, most of the officials who remained in the Mongolian top brass were close to the Soviet Union. Genden, who was propped up by the Soviet Union to come to power, could be said to have obeyed the Soviet Union in the early days of his tenure, and accepted all the demands put forward by the Soviet Union, but Stalin's increasingly assertive attitude also gradually caused a rift between him and Stalin.
The first was the request of the Soviet Union to increase the garrison, which Genden refused. He believed that there were enough Soviet troops stationed in Mongolia at that time, and that if there were more troops stationed in Mongolia, it would not only increase the burden on Mongolia, but also further weaken Mongolia's control over its sovereignty.
At the same time, Genden politely rejected the Soviet Union's proposal for further reform of Mongolia's economic system. After all, under the intervention of the Soviet Union, Mongolia's economy did not advance but retreated, and under such circumstances, Genden was naturally reluctant to allow the Soviet Union to gain more control of the economy.
Not only that, but Genden also slowed down the signing of the Mongolian-Soviet Friendship Treaty and secretly made contact with Japan, the sworn enemy of the Soviet Union, and the rift between Mongolia and the Soviet Union began to grow.
What happened next completely broke the relationship between Genden and Stalin, and even led to a state of hostility.
In 1934, Stalin demanded that Genden "cleanse" all the Buddhists in the country, which was of course unacceptable to Genden, who believed in Buddhism himself, so he not only sternly rejected Stalin's demand, but also openly expressed his support for the Buddhists.
The following year, Genden went to the Soviet Union to attend a meeting, at which Stalin loudly reprimanded Genden in front of everyone present for not following his orders and spoke disrespectfully to Genden.
To everyone's surprise, in the face of Stalin's accusations, Genden, who had always been submissive, changed his normal behavior this time and directly overturned the table, and Stalin's beloved pipe was also shattered.
Later, Genden shouted angrily at Stalin in front of everyone: "You damned Georgian is about to become a tsar!"
Everyone present was stunned by Genden's sudden outburst, knowing that Stalin was most disgusted by comparing him to the Tsar.
Seeing that the situation was about to get out of control, the representatives of the various countries present immediately spoke out to persuade him, which calmed down Genden. And for the sake of face, Stalin did not immediately get angry, but just asked the guards to invite Genden out.
But at this time, everyone understood how Stalin, who had suffered such a great humiliation, could give up, and a retaliation against Genden quietly began.
3. After returning home, Stalin retaliated and Genden was finally executed
Although he did not go crazy on the spot, how could Stalin, who had been so humiliated, give up, and after returning home, Genden soon ushered in Stalin's revenge.
In 1935, on the recommendation of Stalin, Choibalsan became the deputy prime minister of Mongolia, and as a token of congratulations, the USSR also presented Choibalsan with twenty cars as gifts. Stalin's move was undoubtedly preparing for the search for a replacement for Genden.
At subsequent meetings between Mongolia and the Soviet Union, Genden remained tough and rejected the Soviet demands. Not only that, but he also put forward a number of conditions to the Soviet Union, including economic assistance and state building.
In the face of the arrogant Genden, Stalin bluntly said: "Except for the Soviet Union, no country in the whole world recognizes you, and nominally Mongolia is still part of China!"
Soon, at Stalin's behest, Genden was relieved of his post as prime minister of Mongolia and forcibly sent to a sanatorium in Mongolia to recuperate. This was ostensibly to allow Genden to rest here for a while, but in fact Genden was already under house arrest in the Soviet Union.
In 1937, Genden was forcibly summoned by Stalin to the Soviet Union, his first trip to the Soviet Union after a year of house arrest, and the last trip of his life.
After coming to the Soviet Union, Genden was arrested on charges of acting as a Japanese spy because of his contacts with Japanese representatives during his tenure, and was eventually sentenced to death by a Soviet court.
After the execution of Genden, a thorn in the side, the Soviet Union, which had completely lost its hindrance, began to show its fangs against Mongolia.
After that, the Soviet Union carried out a number of purges in Mongolia, eliminating those who threatened Soviet interests in Mongolia one by one.
At the same time, in order to ensure the normal progress of the purge campaign, the Soviet Union also added troops to Mongolia and further strengthened its military presence in Mongolia.
Subsequently, perhaps in order to erase his own crimes in Mongolia or to prevent others from rebelling against the Soviet Union, Stalin ordered the erasure of all records of Genden from various Mongolian historical documents.
It was not until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 that Mongolia broke away from Soviet control. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Mongolia abandoned its original socialist line and changed its political system to a multi-party system.
However, due to the long-term influence of Soviet control, most of Mongolia's domestic economic aid came from the Soviet Union, and more than 80% of Mongolia's foreign trade came from the Soviet Union.
The collapse of the Soviet Union caused turmoil in Mongolia, which was already in dire straits, and Mongolia's economy was on the verge of bankruptcy for a time.
To this day, Mongolia has not found an economic development model that suits it, and is still in a relatively low level of development.
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