Causes and effects of the decrease in fiscal revenue
In recent years, it is not difficult to find that the decline in fiscal revenue has become a common problem. First, the slowdown in economic growth is one of the main reasons for the decline in fiscal revenue. Due to the poor macroeconomic situation, the profitability of enterprises has declined, and tax revenues have decreased, which has affected the growth of fiscal revenues. Second, the backwardness of tax collection means is another important reason for the decline in fiscal revenue. Many businesses resort to tax evasion, resulting in a significant reduction in tax revenue. In addition, the non-standard preferential tax policies have also caused a decrease in fiscal revenue. The combination of these reasons has led to a downward trend in fiscal revenue.
The decline in fiscal revenues has had a serious impact. First, the reduction in fiscal revenue has a direct impact on the government's ability to spend. It is difficult for the government to fully meet the needs of the people and provide public services, such as infrastructure construction, education and health care. Second, the decline in fiscal revenues may also lead to increased social inequality and a widening gap between the rich and the poor. Some social welfare programs are not adequately supported and the social security system is weak, which has a negative impact on some vulnerable groups.
Reasons and effects of the increase in fiscal expenditure
The decrease in fiscal revenue is matched by an increase in fiscal expenditure. First of all, economic and social development requires a large amount of investment expenditure, such as infrastructure construction, scientific research and innovation, etc. Although these investment expenditures are beneficial to economic development, they correspondingly increase the scale of fiscal expenditures. Second, the improvement of people's living standards also requires the government to increase social welfare spending, such as education, medical care, pension, etc. In addition, spending on responding to natural disasters and emergencies is increasing. These reasons have led to an increase in fiscal spending.
The increase in fiscal spending has brought many negative effects to fiscal pressure. First, the increase in fiscal spending has exacerbated the fiscal deficit and debt problems. The government has had to raise funds through loans or bond issuance, creating uncertainty about the future of the economy. Second, excessively high fiscal spending will exacerbate inflationary pressures and further harm the interests of the masses. In addition, excessive fiscal spending can easily lead to waste and corruption, which affects the image and credibility of the government.
Reasons and effects of the increase in the number of civil servants and departments
At present, the increase in the number of civil servants and the number of departments has become a common phenomenon. This is mainly due to the increased complexity of social management and the increased demand for public services. With the rapid economic development of the mainland and the progress of society, the functions of government departments have been expanding, and the demand for civil servants has also increased. In addition, the establishment of a number of non-governmental organizations and the need for market regulation have contributed to the growth in the number of civil servants and the number of departments.
However, the increase in the number of civil servants and departments has also brought with it a number of problems. First, the large number of civil servants has increased the financial burden on the government. The increasing costs of salaries, benefits, and other costs for civil servants have put tremendous pressure on the finances. Second, the phenomenon of too many departments and duplication of work has led to low administrative efficiency and increased the difficulty and cost of handling affairs for the masses. In addition, some unnecessary departments and redundant personnel are also prone to corruption.
The necessity and feasibility of increasing the severity of various types of fines
In the face of the dilemma of declining fiscal revenue, increasing the intensity of fines is a necessary and feasible measure. First of all, increasing fines can effectively crack down on illegal behaviors and raise awareness of social norms. Fines can not only recover illegal gains, but also serve as a deterrent to violators, reduce illegal acts, and increase fiscal revenue at the same time. Second, appropriate fines can regulate market order, protect consumer rights and interests, and maintain a fair and competitive market environment to a certain extent.
The necessity and feasibility of imposing more tolls
Under the practical pressure of increased fiscal expenditure, the collection of more tolls is a necessary means. First of all, the collection of tolls can realize the rational allocation and utilization of public resources. Highway construction and maintenance require a large amount of financial support, and the collection of tolls can provide a stable source of funds to ensure the operation and development of highway infrastructure. Secondly, the collection of tolls can encourage travelers to use transportation resources more economically and rationally, reducing traffic congestion and energy waste. At the same time, the collection of tolls can also increase fiscal revenue and meet the government's demand for public services.
The necessity and feasibility of reintroducing agricultural and poll taxes
The reintroduction of agricultural and poll taxes is a controversial but necessary and feasible option. First of all, the introduction of agricultural taxes can adjust the gap between urban and rural income distribution and promote the development of the rural economy. Moderate agricultural taxes can protect the interests of farmers through subsidy policies, and at the same time increase fiscal revenues in rural areas and promote rural industrial upgrading. Second, the introduction of a poll tax can increase fiscal revenue and provide public services. The poll tax has a wide range of targets and contributes to fiscal balance and equitable distribution. However, the introduction of agricultural tax and poll tax must grasp the collection standards and policy guidance to avoid imposing unreasonable burdens on the poor and vulnerable groups.
In summary, in the face of the dual pressure of declining fiscal revenue and increasing fiscal expenditure, measures such as increasing various fines, imposing more tolls, and reintroducing agricultural taxes and poll taxes are necessary and feasible solutions. However, when implementing these measures, it is necessary to fully consider factors such as social benefits, fairness and sustainability, and adopt corresponding supporting policies to ensure a balanced fiscal situation and sustainable economic and social development.