October 16 is the 43rd World Food Day, what is the data of our Chinese granary?
According to data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, by the end of 2022, the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress in China reached 62.4%, and the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvesting reached 73%. The superposition of digitalization and intelligence has promoted stable food production with a large number of new models and technologies.
In addition, the Chinese government has been committed to ensuring national food security. According to a report by the State Council, the mainland's grain output has been stable at more than 1.3 trillion jin for eight consecutive years, and the grain output in 2022 will be 1,373.1 billion jin, with a grain yield of 386.8 kg per mu.
China's granary data: full of safety bottom line, highlighting national strength
1. According to FAO, in 2020, the global rice sown area was 2.463 billion mu and the output was 757 million tons – an increase of 1.48% and 1.07% respectively compared with 2019; The output per unit area was 307.26 kg/mu, down 0.48% from 2019; From the perspective of long-term trends, since 2012, the global rice sowing area, yield and output per unit area have shown an overall fluctuating growth trend. From the perspective of production area distribution, the countries with relatively large sown area and total output of rice in the world are mainly India, China, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Nigeria, the Philippines, Pakistan and so on.
2. China's rice sown area in 2020 was 451 million mu, accounting for about 18.31% of the world, ranking second in the world (after India); The output is 212 million tons, ranking first in the world with a global proportion of about 28.01%; The yield per unit area was 469.62 kg/mu, 162.36 kg/mu higher than the global average. In 2021, China's rice sown area was 449 million mu, a slight decrease from 2020, a decrease of 0.52%; The output was 212.8424 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 0.46%; The output per unit area was 474.25 kg/mu, a year-on-year increase of 0.98%. Since 2012, thanks to the improvement of domestic rice breeding technology and planting management level to increase the yield per unit area, although the overall sown area has shown a fluctuating downward trend, the total rice yield has still shown a fluctuating growth trend overall.
3. In terms of subdivided production areas, China's rice planting and production is mainly concentrated in Heilongjiang, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Hubei, Anhui, Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jilin and other production areas. In recent years, the total rice output of these ten provinces has accounted for more than 80% of the country's total output. From the perspective of trade, China is an important part of the global rice trade market, and the overall export scale has shown a fluctuating growth trend in recent years. In 2021, affected by natural disasters such as the global new crown epidemic, high temperature and drought, and locust plagues, the grain output of many countries was affected, and they successively joined the ranks of restricting grain exports, and the scale of China's rice imports showed a downward trend. From the perspective of market conditions, in recent years, the overall price of rice in the country has fluctuated and declined; The apparent consumption has remained at about 210 million tons all year round, and the consumption structure is mainly rationed rice, feed and industrial consumption.
In the field of agriculture, China has always been known for its strong grain production capacity. In recent years, the strategy of storing grain in the land and storing grain in technology has deepened this strength, providing a solid guarantee for the country's stability and prosperity.
First of all, grain should be stored in the ground, and the emphasis should be placed on implementation. China has always adhered to the red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land and worked hard to ensure the stability of grain production. With the help of advanced scientific and technological means and management models, the focus of food production is shifting from pursuing quantity to improving quality. For example, the promotion of conservation tillage models in the northeast has not only improved land yield efficiency, but also enhanced its sustainable land use.
Second, store food in technology and lead the future. The application of science and technology in agricultural production has changed from simple mechanization to intelligence. For example, by using big data and artificial intelligence technology, weather changes can be predicted and planting structures optimized, thereby reducing the impact of natural disasters on agricultural production. In addition, the application of new biotechnologies also provides new possibilities for increasing food production and improving crop quality.
However, despite our proud level of agricultural technology, we need to do more to face the global food security challenge. First of all, it is necessary to improve the agricultural science and technology innovation system and promote the transformation of scientific research results. Second, it is necessary to increase investment in the agricultural field, improve the treatment of agricultural science and technology workers, and attract more talents to participate in agriculture. Finally, it is necessary to strengthen international cooperation in the field of agriculture to achieve mutual benefit and win-win results.
Overall, China's achievements in the field of agriculture are remarkable all over the world. However, in the face of future challenges, we still need to stick to the red line of arable land and deepen scientific and technological innovation to ensure the sustained and stable growth of food production. At the same time, we should actively promote advanced agricultural technology and management models, improve the efficiency and effectiveness of agricultural production, and contribute to the prosperity of the country and the well-being of the people.
As a large country with a population of 1.4 billion, China's food security is not only related to the livelihood of domestic people, but also affects the stability of the global food market. In the future, China will continue to deepen reform and innovation in the agricultural field, take science and technology as the engine to promote the high-quality development of agricultural production, and make greater contributions to global food security.
Let us look forward to how this country with 5,000 years of agricultural tradition will use the power of science and technology to forge a more solid line of defense for food security in the new historical period. No matter how the future changes, the fullness and stability of China's granary will provide a solid guarantee for our prosperity and stability.