With the development of science and technology, the application of many technologies in automobiles continues to deepen, among which the degree of intelligence of cars is getting higher and higher, and some cars can also carry out automatic driving on some roads. For car automatic driving, it is also divided into levels, divided into L1 level - L5 level, these levels are the standard for dividing the degree of car automation driving, the following will introduce the difference and characteristics of each level of car automatic driving L1-L5.
L1: Driving support
At this level, the autonomous driving system can assist the driver in certain driving tasks. Brake anti-lock braking system (ABS), body electronic stability system (ESP), etc., these configurations are used in the L1 level.
L2: Partial automation
Partial automation means that although the autonomous driving system can complete certain driving tasks, it still requires the driver to monitor the driving environment, complete the rest, and correct the error when it occurs. In the L2 level, it is necessary to have adaptive cruise control, active lane keeping system, automatic brake assist system and automatic parking system.
L3: Conditional automation
Conditional automation means that the vehicle can achieve automatic acceleration, deceleration and steering in a specific environment without the operator's operation. The driver can not monitor the surrounding environment, but must be ready to take over the vehicle in case of road conditions that autonomous driving cannot handle. This generation of Audi A8L (parameter | picture) is equipped with L3 level autonomous driving technology, and the driving experience is very good. However, before that, Volvo and Tesla have achieved Level 3 autonomous driving technology.
L4: Highly automated
Level 4 autonomous driving is classified as "highly automated driving". Except in some special cases, human intervention is generally not required. Self-driving cars that rely on special maps to work belong to level 4 automatic driving, as long as there is a map, such cars can achieve full automatic driving without human intervention, but not everywhere can be autonomous, automatic systems in certain environments and specific conditions, can complete driving tasks and monitor the driving environment, at this stage, within the range of automatic driving can operate, all driving-related tasks and drivers and occupants are no longer relevant. But it seems that the cockpit is still indispensable, and the operating parts that are considered controls cannot be completely eliminated.
L5: Fully automated
Under all conditions, the automated driving system can complete all driving tasks and cope with all road conditions. And the cockpit is no longer available, the car is like an extremely intelligent robot, fully automated, fully adaptive driving, adapt to any driving scenario. However, when it comes to restrictions such as laws and high-tech breakthroughs, further in-depth research and development is still needed, and the corresponding products have not yet been realized.
At present, the vast majority of car companies have achieved L2 level automatic driving technology, such as Tesla's AutoPilot 2.0 system can only be regarded as a better level 2 automatic driving technology. With the official launch of Nihonda's Legend EX, the world's first legally approved Level 3 autonomous driving vehicle, 2021 will enter a new era of mass sales of Level 3 autonomous vehicles.