"Kangxi Dynasty" has always been very popular with the audience, and even many people regard it as a canonical history. Recently, a private message from a reader said: Kangxi was the most undisputed successor among the previous emperors of the Qing Dynasty. Because in the "Kangxi Dynasty", the Shunzhi Emperor was very fond of the three brothers Xuan Ye.
Although Kangxi's succession was more Shunzhi, it did not mean that there was no controversy, one of them; second, from the historical records, the third brother Xuanye was not the shunzhi Emperor's favorite prince, and he only decided to pass the throne to Xuan Ye before his death.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > information revealed in Shunzhi's will</h1>
The Kangxi Emperor Xuan Ye was able to succeed to the throne, not actually from the will of the Shunzhi Emperor, but from the decision of his grandmother, Empress Xiaozhuangwen. It can only be said that the Shunzhi Emperor only agreed to Xuan Ye's succession under consideration, not the heir to the throne that had been determined long ago.
On the second day of the first month of the eighteenth year of Shunzhi, the Shunzhi Emperor fell ill, and he contracted what he thought was a terrible pox disease, that is, smallpox. Within a few days, the Shunzhi Emperor was critically ill, and he summoned the scholars Ma Leji and Wang Xi to the Yangxin Hall and ordered them to write a will.
The Shunzhi Emperor's last will was revised three times before and after, and Wang Xi described it in detail. The Shunzhi Emperor made the crown prince in his last will:
Xuan Ye (玄祧), born to Concubine Tong of the Tong clan, was eight years old, and Qi Ling Yinghui (岐嶷英慧), Ke Chengzong (克承宗祧), was made crown prince. That is, to obey the canonical system, hold the service for twenty-seven days, and release the obedience, that is, the emperor's throne. The Ministers of the Interior, Sonny, Suksaha, Shubilon, and Aobai, were appointed as assistant ministers.
In the Records of the Ancestors of the Qing Dynasty, it is also recorded that the crown prince of Shunzhi and the name of Ding Kangxi "Xuan Ye" are also recorded:
Emperor Shizuzhang did not hesitate, AndiChen (the sixth day of the first year), so he summoned the former scholars Maleji and Wang Xi to the Yangxin Hall, lowered the decree one by one to blame himself, set the imperial name of the emperor (the Kangxi Emperor), or appointed the crown prince, and gave the names of the auxiliary ministers Soni, Suksaha, Shubilong, and Aobai.
It can be seen from this that the third son of the emperor, Xuan Ye, was only clear when the Shunzhi Emperor ordered Ma Leji and Wang Xi to draft the will. The appointment of Xuan Ye, the third son of the Emperor, as crown prince was also finalized in the edict before the death of the Shunzhi Emperor. This can also be seen that Xuan Ye, who was eight years old at the time, was able to succeed to the throne in the Shunzhi Emperor's sons after some twists and turns.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="27" > Shunzhi's original candidate for crown prince</h1>
The Shunzhi Emperor Fu was only 24 years old when he died, and this young emperor was also an amorous species. Since the daughter of the minister of the interior, E Shuo, Dong Eshi, entered the palace, the Shunzhi Emperor poured all his feelings into her, which can be described as a favorite harem. Regarding the love story between the Shunzhi Emperor and Dong E's clan, Yushi did not want to say more, and the focus was still on the prince born to Dong E's family.
Dong Eshi was made a noble concubine in the thirteenth year of Shunzhi, and in the fourteenth year of Shunzhi gave birth to the only prince, the fourth son of the emperor (no order tooth and no name). The so-called Love House and Wu, the Shunzhi Emperor regarded the fourth son of the emperor as the crystallization of his love with Dong E, and called the fourth ranked prince the "eldest son of the emperor" in public, which means that in the future, his throne will be passed to the fourth son of the emperor.
Unfortunately, the fourth son of the emperor was "born in March and died", and died before he could be named. Mr. Meng Sen, a famous Historian of the Qing Dynasty, once said: "The strange favor of the Dong E clan and the indiscriminate grace of the ancestors, if the Prince Rong (the fourth son of the emperor) is not martyred, Duan Jing (Dong E's clan) is not dead, and the mother loves the son, the artifact is probably not something that the Holy Ancestor (Kangxi) can have." ”
Therefore, the candidate for the crown prince was originally the fourth son of the deceased emperor, which can be further confirmed by Shunzhi's special honor for the death of this prince.
The fourth son of the Emperor was born in October of the fourteenth year of Shunzhi and died in the first month of the following year. Two months later, the Shunzhi Emperor posthumously honored the emperor's fourth son as the Prince of Heshuorong. A three-month-old baby was not born to an empress, and it was unprecedented to posthumously be crowned prince. Moreover, the Shunzhi Emperor also widely enclosed the land for the fourth son of the emperor and built a large number of civil engineering for him to build a garden. All kinds of signs give people reason to believe that if the fourth son of the emperor does not die, the crown prince is none other than him.
On August 19 of the seventeenth year of Shunzhi, Concubine Dong also died. The successive deaths of Aifei and Aizi plunged the amorous Shunzhi Emperor into great sorrow. Therefore, the Shunzhi Emperor became more convinced of Buddhism in order to obtain early liberation, and had already forgotten the matter of establishing a prince.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="30" > xuanye was unexpectedly crown prince among the princes</h1>
After the death of the fourth son of the Emperor, the surviving princes of the Shunzhi Emperor still had the second son fuquan, the third son of the emperor, Xuan Ye, the fifth son of the emperor, Chang Ning, the sixth son of the emperor, Longxi, the seventh son of the emperor, and Yonggan, the eighth son of the emperor. But the next three princes are too young, and the eldest emperor's sixth son is only 2 years old. Therefore, the heir to the throne must choose one of the three people, Fu Quan, Xuan Ye and Chang Ning.
The Qing Dynasty did not have a system of establishing a concubine, so whether he was old or married was not the most important factor. Among the three princes, Fu Niannian's immortal mother was the most respected, and there was no evidence that Xuan Ye was more talented and intelligent than the other two princes. Therefore, the Shunzhi Emperor Li Xuanye must have been for other considerations.
When the Shunzhi Emperor was seriously ill, Xiaozhuang urged him to establish a crown prince early to determine the foundation of the country. The Shunzhi Emperor, in view of his young age on the throne and the repeated humiliations of the regent Dorgon, wanted to choose an heir from among his brothers. However, the opinions of Xiaozhuang and the princes were biased toward choosing an heir from the crown prince. In the end, the candidates were locked in the two princes, Fuquan and Xuanye.
After careful consideration, Xiaozhuang decided to make the emperor's third son Xuan Ye crown prince, and Shunzhi agreed. At that time, the reason that prompted Xiaozhuang and Shunzhi to make Xuan Ye crown prince was recorded in the historical records that because Xuan Ye had already had smallpox and would no longer be harmed by this disease, and Fuquan had not yet suffered from acne, the reason for Kangxi's succession to the throne was so simple, there were no other political factors.
Xuan Ye later became emperor, so many official historical materials have beautified him, saying that Tong Jia's vision of Xuan Ye appeared in the sky when he was pregnant, saying that Xuan Ye was smart since he was a child, and that there was something like "growing up to imitate his father and emperor", all of which were added by posterity. It can be said that Kangxi's succession was a great accident, but this contingency was fortunate for China, because this great emperor was hailed by posterity as the first emperor of the ages.