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| Series of Short Biographies of the Southern and Northern Dynasties/ Occasional Updates/ Tan Bow (written) |
If huan xuan was killed, Kuang Fu Jin room enabled Liu Yu to successfully reach the peak. Then what made Liu Yu on the stage of history must be to suppress the Rebellion of Sun Enlu.
Regarding Liu Yu's early years, the history books record quite early, only know that he was probably in his twenties to join the army, this is more than twenty years, during which Liu Yu has been unknown, some people say that he may have participated in the Battle of Shuishui, and some people speculate that there should be none.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > first, the Great Magician Sun En</h1>
However, one thing is certain, that is, Liu Yu's origins began in the third year of the Jin Dynasty (399), when in November of that year, the leader of the Tianshi Dao, Sun En, rebelled against the Jin at Huiji (present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang), and the eight southeastern counties responded, shocking the government and the opposition. In December, the imperial court sent Liu Gaozhi to suppress the rebellion, and on this day Liu Gaozhi asked Liu Yu to lead dozens of his subordinates out to investigate the enemy situation. Unexpectedly, Liu Yu just left the camp and encountered thousands of Heavenly Master Dao disciples, the two sides fought fiercely, Liu Yu's subordinates died in the end, and it was reasonable to say that Liu Yu should also be finished.
Sun En
However, the subsequent development was as miraculous as recorded in the Book of Song and the Benji of Emperor Wu, and Liu Yu killed more than a thousand prisoners with one enemy and a thousand enemies. Such a proud record was known to Liu Gaozhi, and he immediately attached importance to Liu Yu, and Liu Yu also began to trace it.
In the following two years, Liu Yu attacked Sun En many times, and Sun En was repeatedly defeated, and finally simply fled to the sea to the island and became a pirate. Although Liu Yu forced Sun En to a desperate situation, Sun En was not killed by him.
Just when Liu Yu was about to pursue and kill Sun En, the upper echelons of the Eastern Jin Dynasty broke out in a war between Sima Yuanxian's father and son who was in power in the central government and the local warlord Huan Xuan for the highest power, and the result of the war later we all know, Huan Xuan, who had some skills, defeated Sima Yuanxian, who had little ability.
What does this have to do with Liu Yu? At that time, Sima Yuanxian sent Liu Gaozhi upstream to defend Huan Xuan, so Liu Yuanzhi's beloved general Liu Yu naturally went with the army. Later, we learned that Liu Gaozhi had surrendered to Huan Xuan, and although Liu Yu did not approve of this practice, he had no choice but to temporarily fall silent.
Liu Yu temporarily left the Sanwu (吴郡, Wuxing, Huiji) area, causing Sun En to mistakenly believe that the danger had passed, and the Jin Dynasty's infighting did not have time to take care of Sun En, so Sun En felt that this was a good time for him to fish in muddy waters. So Sun En, who had been the island lord for a while, made a comeback again and attacked the coastal areas of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, but Sun En did not expect that after years of defeat, his army had little left, not to mention Liu Yu, even if a general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty came casually, it was enough for him to drink a pot. Sure enough, Sun En had just landed, and was defeated by the local Taishou, this time Sun En felt that he was cornered, and he did not want to escape back to the island, he decided to throw himself into the water and die.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > two, One Piece Lu Xun</h1>
It is said that after Sun En's death, the coastal rebellion should be put down. No, Sun En's brother-in-law Lu Xun was not willing to lose like this, so he pestered sun en's remnants to continue fighting, and declared to the outside world that Sun En did not commit suicide by jumping into the sea, but "ascended to the immortals", and that Master Sun Chengxian would continue to protect everyone in heaven in the future, so the believers could not be discouraged, and they must continue to work hard to overthrow the corrupt Eastern Jin dynasty court.
If it is not said that Lu Xun is luckier than Sun En, it should be said that Lu Xun's strength at this time is very weak, when Sun En's hundreds of thousands of people failed to turn the sky, now Lu Xun only has a few thousand remnants of soldiers can still turn the sky?
That's it. Lu Xun dared to go to a good time, and when Lu Xun was elected as the leader by Tianshi Dao, it was just in time for Huan Xuan to destroy Sima Yuanxian and seize power in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Although Huan Xuan became the ruler of the central government of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he had just taken the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and entered Jiankang, and the foundation was unstable, so Huan Xuan could not spare his hands to suppress Lu Xun for the time being. In the first year of Yuan Xing (402), The Eunuch Huan Xuan appointed Lu Xun as the Taishou of Yongjia (永嘉, in present-day Yongjia County, Wenzhou, Zhejiang), but he did not expect that Lu Xun did not appreciate it at all, thinking that Huan Xuan was afraid of him, so while accepting Taishou's appointment, he continued to do his own thing. Huan Xuan had no choice but to send Liu Yu to lead the few soldiers and horses forward, and it turned out that even with a small number of people and horses, Lu Xun was still not Liu Yu's opponent, and fled in defeat.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > three, goodbye, Lu Xun</h1>
This time Liu Yu chased after him, Lu Xun fled to Yongjia, Liu Yu chased Yongjia, Lu Xun fled to Jin'an (present-day Fuzhou, Fujian), and Liu Yu pursued him to Jin'an. Seeing that Lu Xun had no way to escape, he suddenly thought of his brother-in-law Sun En, who fled to the sea, why he could not escape to the sea, but fled to the sea to find an island, he could not accommodate so many of his own people, he must have a place to stay, and then Lu Xun's eyes stared at a place - Guangzhou (now Guangdong).
Guangzhou and Jiaozhou
Therefore, in August of the second year of Yuan Xing (403), Lu Xun officially crossed the south of the sea, due to surprise, Guangzhou was not prepared at all, in October Lu Xun's army took Panyu (present-day Guangzhou, Guangdong), the seat of government in Nanhai County, Guangzhou, and then sent a large army to attack the city and occupy the whole of Guangzhou.
At the same time that Lu Xun was growing large in Guangzhou, Liu Yu also raised an army in Jingkou (present-day Zhenjiang, Jiangsu) to destroy Huan Xuan, although the destruction of The Remnant of Huan Xuan was driven back to Jingzhou, but because huan's influence in Jingzhou was very deep, the battle was fought for nearly a year, and later although Liu Yu quelled the Huan Xuan Rebellion, there were Liu Yi people fighting for power inside, and there were Hu people in the north looking at huan xuan, and for a while the Eastern Jin Dynasty fell into an eventful autumn, and it was impossible to control such a remote place as Lingnan. Therefore, in April of the first year of Yixi (405), the Eastern Jin court officially appointed Lu Xun as the general of Zhengyu, the general of Guangzhou Assassin Shi, and the general of Pingyue Zhonglang, and Lu Xun's brother-in-law Xu Daofu was made the minister of Sixing (in present-day Shaoxing County, Shaoguan, Guangdong Province), acknowledging the fact that Lu Xun had divided Guangzhou.
Lu Xun stayed in Guangzhou for six years, and during these six years Liu Yu had no time to take care of him, and he was also happy and comfortable, and he was the emperor of the earth in Guangzhou for six years. Think about the days when you were displaced all day, and then think about today's brocade and jade food, but you are not happy to think about It (Lu Xun himself is from Hebei, born in Huiji). But some people don't think so, Lu Xun's brother-in-law Xu Daofu is a person with lofty ambitions, and he knows that Guangzhou is not a place to live for a long time. In the sixth year of Yixi (410), Liu Yu led troops to the Northern Expedition to Southern Yan, and when Xu Daofu learned of this, he sent someone to persuade Lu Xun to take advantage of the emptiness of the Eastern Jin Dynasty to attack Jiankang, but Lu Xun did not listen at first. But Xu Daofu was very resolute, and he told Lu Xun that the reason why he was in Lingnan Gou'an now was only because Liu Yu still couldn't spare his hands, and when Liu Yu returned from the Northern Expedition, the first thing he had to clean up was you, the unconquerable Lu Xun. After Xu Daofu's persuasion, Lu Xun changed his doctrine and sent troops north, and at one point he attacked the Qinhuai River and attacked Jiankang.
Lu Xun was destroyed
However, at the critical moment, due to the differences between Lu Xun and Xu Daofu and the missed opportunity, Liu Yu also rushed back from the Starry Night in Shandong and defeated Lu Xun in one fell swoop. At the same time that Lu Xun was defeated and retreated south, Liu Yu sent his men to capture Lu Xun's Guangdong old lair, and the desperate Lu Xun finally chose the same ending as his brother-in-law Sun En, "Dengxian" and died. The Sun Enlu-lu-xun uprising, which lasted for more than a decade, came to an end.
< h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >4. Revisit the nature of Sun Enlu's revolt</h1>
The reason why it was said to be an uprising was because it had always been thought to be an uprising led by Sun En and Lu Xun to launch a lower-class peasant uprising against the feudal landlords. But is that really the case?
Sun En was a native of Langya, in the same place as the Wang clan of Langya, and Lu Xun was the great-grandson of Lu Zhan of the Fanyang Clan, and the leaders of the two uprisings were obviously from the Qiao clan.
There are about 35 backbone members of the Sun and Lu cliques, of whom 13 are unidentified, 20 have the status of scholars, and of the 22 people who can determine their identity, more than 90% are from the ethnic group. The identity of the leading group determined that Sun Enluxun's uprising could not be simply summarized as a peasant uprising, but in fact a struggle by one landlord class against another landlord class in order to defend its own interests.
Looking at the soldiers in the rebel army, although most of the soldiers in the rebel army are believers in the Tianshi Dao, that is, ordinary peasants, but peasants are not the same as peasants. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, because the shi clan gate valve controlled the government, these people not only enjoyed privileges politically, but also had privileges in the economy, and the most distinctive one was that there were a large number of shady households under the name of the shi clan, and the so-called yin households were peasants who helped the shi clan to work and did not have to serve the state and pay taxes, which was a special phenomenon of the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Liu Yu consulted Lu Xun
The reason why these people followed Sun En and Lu Xun to rebel is also very interesting, although originally under the rule of the Shi Clan Gate Valve, although their lives were very difficult, they still survived. However, later, Sima Yuanxian needed a source of troops in order to fight Huan Xuan, but at that time, the hukou controlled by the Eastern Jin Dynasty court could not draw so many troops, so Sima Yuanxian set his sights on the Yin households under the Jiangdong clan and issued an edict to restore the free status of the Yin households, but it was conditional and had to be a soldier for the state.
When the soldiers may die, when the Yin household still has a chance to live, and the Shi Clan Men also feel that their cheese is passive, so we see the history records that Sun Enlu Xun joined the army, and a considerable number of the Shi Clan took their Yin Hu to defect to Sun Enlu Xun, which caused the Eastern Jin Government to be wiped out one after another, but Sun En Lu Xun was able to reorganize his strength again and again and continue to fight. Thus this is by no means a simple peasant uprising.
To put it simply, in the last years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there were three forces fighting for the highest power, namely the imperial clique headed by Sima Yuanxian, the Damen valve clan clique headed by Huan Xuan, and the middle and lower-class clan clique led by Liu Yu. Although they did not have the strength to seize the highest power, his appearance successively pinned down the imperial family group and the Gate Valve Clan group, and contributed to Liu Yu's middle and lower class clan to seize the highest power and establish the Southern Dynasty, although this was not what they wanted.
Finally, the rebellion was cloaked in the guise of religion, under the guise of the Heavenly Master's Way. After this incident, the Southern Government tightened its grip on religion. The Taoist uprisings (the Yellow Turban Rebellion, the Zhang Lu Wudou Mi Sect, and the Sun Enlu Shun Tianshi Dao) that had been famous in history disappeared, and most of China's religious wars for more than a thousand years were based on Buddhism.
After pacifying Lu Xun, Liu Yu extended his hand to the south of the empire, taking a crucial step towards full control of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Later, the establishment of liu song was once unstoppable, but when manpower was exhausted, the heroic monarch could not resist the passage of time after all. Although Liu Yu died, the story of the Southern Dynasty was far from over, and two years after Liu Yu's death, the accidental succession of an emperor of the Southern Dynasty pushed the struggle for hegemony between the North and the South to a climax.
References: Book of Jin, Zizhi Tongjian, Politics of Gate Valves in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (Tian Yuqing)
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