Wu Weiye, together with Qian Qianyi and Gong Dingzi, was known as the "Three Greats of Jiang Zuo", and was also a representative of the Loudong Poetry School, and his unique poetic style was called "Plum Village Body" by later generations.
When Wu Meicun was 14 years old, he studied with fellow villager Zhang Pu, in fact, at that time, Zhang Pu was only 8 years older than Wu Meicun, that is, 22 years old, but his reputation was already quite noticeable in Wuzhong. Zhang Pu and his compatriot Zhang Cai were called "Lou Dong Er Zhang" by the people of the time, although Zhang Pu was not very old, he did not easily interact with people, and Wu Meicun could become his disciple, there is also a story. Chen Tingjing's "Tomb Table of Mr. Wu Meicun" said: "Mr. Young Congmin, fourteen years old, can belong to the text. Mr. Zhang Ximing, with the article to advocate later learning, the four sides go through its door, must be thrown into the text, not the intention, that is, Shefne. There are rich people's sons, stealing Mr. Shu Zhongshu dozens of copies of the Western Ming, XiMing read it, frightened, and later learned that it was written by Mr. Xi, because it was extended to the home. Hundreds of people in the same company, all out of Mr. ”
Wu Weiye wrote the Eighteen Volumes of "Notes on the Collected Poems of Meicun", which was engraved in the Hubei Official Book Office in the tenth year of the Qing Dynasty, and the book plate
Wu Weiye wrote the Eighteen-Volume Notes on the Collected Poems of Meicun, an engraving of the Hubei Official Book office in the tenth year of the Qing Dynasty, with the beginning of the volume
It seems that Zhang Pu was really hot at that time, many people wanted to vote under his door, when Zhang Pu saw the other party's article, if he felt that this person's poetry was not well written, he would not accept it. It is said that the son of a large sum of money tried to steal some articles from Wu Meicun, and then signed his name and showed it to Zhang, who was greatly surprised after reading it, and later learned that the real author was not the rich man, but Wu Meicun, so he took the initiative to invite Wu to his home. At that time, there were already hundreds of people worshiping Zhang Pu as a teacher.
Wu Meicun gradually became known to the world, and it had a lot to do with the revival conference held by Lou Dong Erzhang. In the second year of Ming Chongzhen, Zhang Pu, Zhang Cai, and others held a meeting in Yinshan, Wuzhong, under the slogan of "Rejuvenating Retro Studies, To JunZemin", and the scale of the meeting was unprecedented, according to the "List of Names of the Fushe Society" compiled by Wu Yingji, a member of the Fushe Society at that time, and the "Continuation of the Names of the Fushe Society" compiled by his grandson Wu Mingdao, at the peak of the Fushe, there were 2,025 members, covering almost half of China's provinces, and the Fushe incorporated some poetry societies in the Jiangnan region into the Society, Zhu Yizun in the "JingZhiju Poetry" Volume 21 says: "There are several societies in Shiyunjian, Wenshe in western Zhejiang, Nanshe in Jiangbei, Zeshe in Jiangxi, Liting Xishe and Kunyang Yunyu Society, and Wumen has Yupeng Society and Kuang Society, Wulin has Reading Society, Shanzuo has Dasha, Youhui is in Wu, and unified with Fushe. After the establishment of the Fu Society, Lou Dong Erzhang was elected as the suzerain, and then its society had the purpose of "Ten Zhe", and Wu Meicun was one of the "Ten Zhe" of the Fu Society.
Wu Weiye wrote the "Collection of Wu Poems" in twenty volumes, "Supplementary Notes", twenty volumes, "Saying Xue", two volumes, "Picking Up The Remains", one volume, and the Forty Years of The Qianlong Dynasty Ling yunting Inscription, the beginning of the volume
Probably in order to increase social influence, later Zhang Pu and others proposed that the members of the Fu Society participate in the scientific expedition, and in the new year of the establishment of the Fu Society, Zhang Pu, Wu Meicun and others were admitted to the lifting people, and then the next year was Chongzhen for four years, and these people of the Fu Society went to Beijing to participate in the examination, of which Wu Meicun scored the best, and he achieved the second place, which is commonly known as the "list eye". However, because of the problem of party strife, some people falsely accused him of cheating, and this matter became more and more noisy, and it was all the way to the Chongzhen Emperor, and the second volume of the Fushe Jiluo briefly contained the matter: "Wucheng's party Xue Guoguan leaked his affair in the dynasty, Yushi Yuan Whale will have a neglected argument, Yan Ru is involved in the imperial examination with Huiyuan, and Emperor Zhuang Lie criticizes his volume: 'Zhengda Boya, foot style is devious. And the latter began to speak. The Wucheng in this passage refers to Wen Tiren, the first assistant at that time, because he was a native of Wucheng, Huzhou. Yushi Yuan Whale reported the matter to the Chongzhen Emperor, the emperor asked the ministers to take Wu Meicun's examination paper to the imperial view, after reading it, he felt that such a beautiful article, listed as the second place no problem, so the emperor approved eight big characters on the examination paper, the ministers looked at it, immediately understood that the emperor admired this candidate, so he did not dare to dwell on this matter.
A major case that was supposed to arise was instantly resolved by these eight words of the emperor, which made Wu Meicun grateful to Dade, and in his later years, in the "Alienation with the Son", he was still thinking about it: "I did not expect to be more than twenty years old, so I quit the big kui, blessed it, and was really afraid, and sometimes there were people who attacked the Lord of Yixing to borrow me as a shot, so the list was more dangerous and suspicious, and Emperor Lai Lie was saved." Perhaps because of this, Wu Meicun later went to the Qing court to serve, and he became unforgivable, and he himself regretted this experience for the rest of his life. Gu Mei's "Letter of Mr. Wu Meicun" recorded the last words left by Meicun to his sons before his death: "I have suffered in my life, everything is in danger, there is no moment that is not difficult, there is no situation that does not taste hardship, and it is really a great suffering person in the world." After my death, I was buried in a monk's costume, and I was buried in Deng Wei and Lingyan, and a cobblestone was erected in front of the tomb, with the inscription: 'Tomb of the poet Wu Meicun', do not be an ancestral hall, do not beg for inscriptions on people. ”
Wu Weiye wrote the "Collected Works of Wu Poems" twenty volumes, "Supplementary Notes", twenty volumes, "Saying Xue", two volumes, "Picking Up The Remains", one volume, the Forty Years of The Qianlong Dynasty Ling yunting engraving, the book plate
Wu Meicun said that his life has been difficult and hard, almost a big bitter person in the world. In fact, this kind of statement should be divided into a period of time, for example, he triumphantly passed the list of eyes in the spring breeze, although the result was somewhat tortuous, but he was envied by the people of the time, and then he was ordered to go home and get married, and he was the object of envy and hatred of his friends at that time. At that time, the famous scholar Chen Jiru wrote a poem "Sending Wu Bangyan to Marry": "Young Zhu Yi Ma Lang, the first name of Chun Lu Xiang." The gold deposition house, the planting of jade people returned to the white jade hall. And his master Zhang Pu also wrote a poem "Sending Wu Jungong back to marry", which has such a sentence: "All good things in the world return to the son, and the name of the Qing Dynasty is worthy of Confucianism." It seems that his teachers all said that he had taken all the good things in the world, so in this way, Wu said that he was a great suffering person who suffered all his life, obviously this sentence could not be established, if you use a strict word, that is, before this "great suffering person under the world", add a qualifier - "I will live for half a lifetime". In this way, I think it is more objective.
In this will, Wu Meicun said that after his death, he would let his son dress him in the clothes of a monk, and he had already chosen the place of burial, and he told his son that he should erect a circular tombstone in front of his tomb, and the inscription of the tombstone was only "The Tomb of the Poet Wu Meicun", and told his son not to build a sacrificial ancestral hall, and not to find someone to write an epitaph for him. In that era, the tombstones generally listed his official titles, and Wu Meicun instructed his son not to write these words on the tombstones, which showed that he was ashamed of serving in the Qing court.
Wu Weiye wrote the second volume of "Moling Spring", and the Guichi Liu Family Warm Red Room in the Republic of China carved legendary books and book plates
Wu Weiye wrote the second volume of "Moling Spring", and the legendary book engraved in the warm red room of the Liu clan in Guichi, the Republic of China, was the beginning of the volume
Judging from the historical record, Wu Meicun's appointment to the Qing court was indeed a last resort. As mentioned earlier, Wu Meicun was grateful to the Chongzhen Emperor all his life, and in March of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, Li Zicheng's Dashun army broke into the city of Beijing, the emperor hanged himself, and Wu Meicun's measures after hearing this matter were recorded in Gu Mei's "Mr. Wu Meicun's Behavior": "The change of Jia Shen, Mr. Liju, climbing hair is helpless, the trumpet wants to hang himself, and the family is aware, Zhu Taishu people hold and cry: The child dies, it is like an old man! "When the Da Shun army entered Beijing, it happened that Wu Meicun was in his hometown, he heard about this, and immediately wanted to hang himself, and then after being discovered by his family, he was urged to cry, and at the same time told him, after you die, how will we old people live." And Umemura is a famous filial piety, so the matter is abandoned.
In the following years, Wu Meicun has been spent in his hometown. In the tenth year of Qing Shunzhi, Wuzhong's Shenjiao Society and Tongsheng Society held a meeting at the same time in Huqiu, Suzhou, this meeting was another gathering of literati after the restoration conference twenty-one years ago, and at this time Wu Meicun's reputation had a wide influence in Jiangnan, so at this meeting was jointly promoted by the two factions as the leader of the alliance, Wang Xiao's self-compiled "Wang Chaosong Annals" said: "(Shunzhi Decade) is the year of Shangwei, the county and the two societies are assembled in Tiger Hill,...... Both societies pushed Dai Meicun's master. ”
Regarding the relationship between Wu Meicun and the Tiger Hill Conference, the American scholar Wei Feide put forward four views in "Hongye - History of the Founding of the Qing Dynasty", of which the fourth point Wei Feide believed that the purpose of Wu and these people in holding this conference was to enhance the position of Jiangnan literati in the pattern of cooperation with the Qing Dynasty. Xu Jiang refuted this view in "Wu Meicun Studies": "If you think that Wu Meicun has a scribe community behind him, it will increase the weight in front of the Qing government, which is the logic of American thinking." ”
Wu Meicun wrote four poems at the Tiger Hill Congress, the title of which was "The Tiger Hill of the Tiger Hill of the Spring Drinking Society", the first of which was:
Willow silk forced smoking ban, pen bed book scroll five lakes boat.
Qingxi Shengji is still old, and Bai Wei talks about his youth.
Bamboo shoots warbler flowers look at the warriors, feather crown cover will be immortal.
Mao Xian's past was full of currents, heavier than Lan Ting's thoughts.
At the time of the Tiger Hill Assembly, the main generals of the Fu Society, Zhang Pu, Chen Zilong, Yang Tingshu, Xia Yunyi, and others had all died, which made Meicun quite sad, and Mao Xian in the seventh sentence of this poem refers to Zhang Hua of the Western Jin Dynasty, where he uses Zhang Hua to refer to Zhang Pu. One of the results of this gathering was the confirmation of Wu Meicun's position in the literary world. Shortly thereafter, the Qing court ordered the prohibition of community gatherings, so the Tiger Hill Assembly became a large gathering of Qing dynasty literati, and in the autumn of the year after the end of this association, Wu Meicun was forced to go north under the strict edict of the Qing court, thus losing the ming people's integrity and identity that he had maintained for eight years.
Wu Weiye wrote the "Meicun Collection" in twenty volumes, an engraving of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty
In the year of the fall of the Ming Dynasty, the Southern Ming Hongguang regime was established, and King Fu summoned Wu Meicun to take office, but a few months later, Wu Meicun resigned and returned to his hometown, a large part of which was due to internal struggles. Meicun returned to his hometown and wrote many poems reminiscent of the Ming Dynasty, one of the more famous ones is "Yan Huai":
The trail of suffering remains in the dust, and the learning path is unmanned and closed.
Only for Lu Lianning to go to the sea, who Yun Jiezi does not burn the mountain.
The dead tree is still half dead, and the broken stone is moved to the moss.
If you want to ask junping for news, the storm is almost fishing boats.
Xu Jiang believes that this is the most intense poem in Meicun's eight-year seclusion, expressing his inner sadness and indignation, and the use of the poem mentions Lu Zhonglian and Jiezitui, which he uses to show his courage to never cooperate with the Qing court, and the last two sentences of this poem implicitly tell that he hopes that the Southern Ming army will land from the sea to restore Daming.
In the third year of Shunzhi, Wu Meicun also composed a poem "Pipa Line", which not only has the same name as Bai Juyi's long poem, but also has a similar narrative technique. This poem is written about a musician named Bai Sheng in the chongzhen emperor's palace, who was good at playing the pipa, after the death of the Ming Dynasty, Bai Sheng wandered to Jiangnan, Meicun heard his playing, and there was also Yao Mou, a former Ming zhongchang attendant, who talked about the old things in the palace, let Wu Meicun suddenly miss the sorrow of his homeland, and then made this eponymous "Pipa Line". There is such a verse in this poem:
The feathering of the palace is always broken, and the Emura flowers fall to listen to the neon dress.
The year of the turtle choked up the song long hate, Lux desolate said the emperor.
The predecessors are the most enviable, and the ming dynasty movers are still complaining.
That is, now relatively bitter South Crown, shengping happy things are difficult to see again.
……
Unique wind and dust to overthrow people, occasionally silk bamboo is stained with scarves.
The rivers and lakes are full of southern townships, where to find the iron flute lament?
This poem was praised by many remnants, among which Chen Weisong wrote a letter to Wu Meicun on behalf of his father Chen Zhenhui, which contained the following words: "The pipa obeys the sacred field, and how strange is it to pat the shoulder of Hongya, and hold the sleeve of the floating hill to Fu Qixia!" These two sentences point out jin guopu's "you immortal poem" in "left to the sleeve of the floating hill, right to pat the shoulder of the Hongya", and this Hongya and the floating hill are legendary immortals. Chen Zhenhui said that even these immortals appreciated Wu Meicun's work.
Wu Meicun's masterpiece "Yuanyuan qu" was also written at this stage, and after Chen Yinke's examination: "The yuanyuanqu should be completed in the early winter of the eighth year of Shunzhi, that is, the same year as "Listening to the Female Taoist Bian Yujing Playing the Piano Song" ("Liu Ru is a biography"). "The Circle Is quite long, and I have only taken a short section from the front as follows:
Dinghu abandoned the world on the same day, and broke the enemy to take the Capital under the Jade Pass.
Weeping for the Six Armies, Chong Guan was angry and blushed.
The red face is wandering in non-love, and the thief dies in the wilderness.
The electric sweep of the yellow turban fixed the Black Mountain, crying and the king and relatives to see each other again.
When they first passed through Tian Dou's family, Houmen sang and danced like a flower.
Xu will qi li zhen trick, waiting to take the general oil wall car.