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In June 1950, Taipei was unusually hot, and in a small horse farm on the outskirts of Taipei, gunfire was often heard, because it was a execution ground and the largest execution ground in Taiwan at that time.
On June 18, the area around taipei's Babachi Execution Ground was heavily guarded, with three steps and one post, five steps and one sentry, and the soldiers of the Nationalist Army wearing blue sky and white sun hats looked solemn one by one.
At about 11 a.m., two trucks full of gendarmes were seen one after the other, carrying a jeep into the execution ground. The opening truck was fitted with a tweeter, and the sirens sounded one after another along the way, causing pedestrians to stop and watch from time to time, which was certainly the result that the Kuomintang authorities wanted.
As soon as the first truck came to a standspoint at the execution ground, the gendarmes jumped out of the car and scattered the guards, their skillful movements showing that they often did this.
The door of the American jeep was pulled open, and the gendarmes respectfully invited the next old man in a white suit.
Compared with many people who were scared to pee their pants before the shooting, and even collapsed on the ground, the old man looked serene and natural, as if he was not at the execution site, but at a banquet, and his face was still full of smiles from time to time.
Compared to others who would be executed, the old man was very special, he did not need to wear a prison uniform, did not need to wear shackles, there were no signs of torture on his body, he was neatly dressed and tied.
Who the hell is this? This is the famous Kuomintang second-class general Chen Yi.
As a second-class general of the Kuomintang, Chen Yi's status was revered, so why was he shot by Chiang Kai-shek's order? This, in turn, is related to another Kuomintang second-class army general, Tang Enbo, because it was Tang Enbo who betrayed Chen Yi.
So what is the intersection between Chen Yi and Tang Enbo? Why did Tang Enbo betray Chen Yi?
Chen Yi was born in 1883 in a very wealthy family in Dongpu Town, Shaoxing, the character Gongxia, later changed to Gongqia, self-proclaimed retired, he received an old-style education from an early age, good academic performance, in 1902 Dongdong to Japan to study, entered the Fifth Artillery Section of the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School, and joined the Guangfu Society to engage in revolutionary activities.
After returning to China in 1907, Chen Yi served as a second-class clerk in the War Department, and after the Wuchang Uprising in 1911, he served as the director of the Military and Political Department of the Zhejiang Governor's Office. In 1912, he was appointed Minister of War of the Governor's Office of Zhejiang province and principal of the Army Elementary School. Later, he defected to his immediate descendant Sun Chuanfang and was appointed commander of the First Division of the Zhejiang Army.
Fast forward to 1924.
In early 1924, a young man named Tang Keqin traveled to Shanghai, Hangzhou, Beijing and other places to seek a recommendation to apply for the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School, and also tried to raise funds for study.
At that time, the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School stipulated that if Chinese wanted to apply for this school, they needed the recommendation guarantee of two officials at or above the provincial level in China.
With the efforts of Tang Keqin, Lü Gongwang, the former overseer of Zhejiang, was willing to be a recommended guarantor for Tang Keqin, and he also wrote a note to Chen Yi, asking Tang Keqin to take the note to the commander of the First Division of the Zhejiang Army.
Tang Keqin was a big black man, and as soon as he entered Chen Yi's office, he handed Lu Gongwang's note up, and then tearfully told the inspirational experience of an aspiring young man running for the future.
Chen Yi himself is a person who loves talents, and he was deeply touched by what he heard. So he became Tang Keqin's second guarantor for the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School.
In May 1924, on the recommendation of Chen Yi and others, Tang Keqin was able to be guaranteed and received a monthly subsidy of 50 yuan from the official fee to enter the 18th Infantry Section of the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School, which provided another link for him to close his relationship with Chiang Kai-shek in the future.
In 1926, when the Northern Expeditionary Army was meeting in the Yangtze River Valley, Tang Keqin, who had ideals and ambitions, returned to China after graduating from the Japanese Army Non-Commissioned Officer School.
However, Tang Keqin was faced with the dilemma of "unemployment after graduation", and he thought of Chen Yi again, who appointed Tang Keqin as the commander of the student company of the First Division of the Zhejiang Army, and then promoted to major staff officer.
Tang Keqin was grateful for this, and he said to Chen Yi: "The parents of those who gave birth to me, chen Gongye, who knows me!" Students are willing to worship you as a teacher, living and dying together. ”
Tang Keqin changed his name to Tang Enbo to show that he remembered Chen Yi's great kindness.
In the same year, Chen Yi broke away from Sun Chuanfang and threw himself into the Kuomintang in the Northern Expedition, chiang kai-shek was overjoyed, and with the addition of being a fellow villager in Zhejiang, Chen Yi was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as the commander of the 19th Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and later appointed as the director of the Military Engineering Bureau.
After the end of the Fujian Revolution in 1934, Chen Yi was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as the chairman of Fujian Province and the director of appeasement, sorting out the military and government of Fujian, and Chen Yi became a prince of the party.
On March 22, 1947, Chen Yi was dismissed from his post by the Third Plenary Session of the Kuomintang Central Committee, but Chiang Kai-shek did not blame him much, and in 1948, Chiang Kai-shek personally talked to Chen Yi and made him the chairman of the Zhejiang Provincial Government.
In the early morning of June 30, 1948, Chen Yi took a light train to Zhejiang to take up his post.
After Chen Yi took office, she deeply felt the corruption and darkness of the Kuomintang, which was accompanied by the continuous deterioration of the political and economic situation, and had reached a point where it was unsustainable.
At Chen Yi's request, Chen Mingshu of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee came to Hangzhou to meet with Chen Yi. After Chen Mingshu was invited to Hangzhou, he said to Chen Yi:
"If we in the Chinese nation want to survive, we must overthrow Chiang Kai-shek's traitorous government; I have dealt with Chiang Kai-shek for more than 20 years, and I am well aware of his disposition; he will never withdraw from the stage of history on his own; only by opposing Chiang Kai-shek can we find a way out for the nation."
By the end of 1948, with the victory of the People's Liberation Army in the Liaoshen and Huaihai campaigns, the Fu Zuoyi clique in Pingjin had become a turtle in an urn, the elite troops of the Kuomintang had been wiped out, and the prices in the areas ruled by the Kuomintang had soared, and the people were not happy.
When Chen Bing of the People's Liberation Army was in the Yangtze River, Chen Yi knew that with the existing strength of the Kuomintang, he could not stop the attack of the People's Liberation Army, and after much thought, he decided to cooperate with the Chinese Communists.
However, Chen Yi believes that he does not have troops under him, and his contribution to the CCP after the uprising is not great, and if he cannot lead the troops to revolt, his face will not be able to hang on. And Tang Enbo was cultivated by himself, and he was as kind to him as a mountain, like a father and son, and he could pull Tang Enbo to revolt together.
On January 22, 1949, just the day after Chiang Kai-shek's "retirement," Li Zongren issued a proclamation on his inauguration as acting president, expressing his willingness to engage in peace negotiations with the Chinese Communists.
Chen Yi knew that no matter how the peace talks between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China proceeded, the Platon Army would always have to cross the river. While Zhejiang was bordered by Nanjing and Shanghai to the north, Tang Enbo sat in Shanghai and commanded the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou war, with hundreds of thousands of troops under his command.
If we are sure to instigate Tang Enbo to revolt together, then the People's Liberation Army can cross the river peacefully, and the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou region can declare peaceful liberation without bloodshed, which will be beneficial to the cause of the liberation of the Chinese people and will be a major contribution.
After analyzing the current situation, Chen Yi held that since the Chinese Communists had declared that they were willing to hold peace talks with any local government and Fu Zuoyi had set a precedent in this regard, why shouldn't he be unique and hold high the banner of righteousness in Zhejiang?
As for Tang Enbo, it is not that he does not want to plot a rebellion, but that he cannot but rebel, because Zhejiang only has a few security regiments, and if there is a separate uprising, Chiang Kai-shek's order, as long as the troops of a division are mobilized nearby, the uprising in Zhejiang can be extinguished in one fell swoop.
For the sake of the success of the uprising and for the sake of his own safety, Chen Yi believed that instigating Tang Enbo to revolt together was the best plan.
Chen Yi also analyzed from the military geographical situation that the troops under Tang Enbo's command were in the front and Zhejiang was in the rear; if Zhejiang unveiled the pole and acted at the same time without uniting with Tang Enbo, the PLA's support for the Zhejiang uprising would be beyond its reach, and its achievements would be in vain.
Moreover, if Tang Enbo can be instigated to revolt at the same time, the large number of troops and the huge momentum will shake the heartland of the Chiang family dynasty and give Chiang Kai-shek a heavier blow, and the CHINESE communists will also attach more importance to it and give a higher evaluation.
Moreover, Tang Enboshang wears a hat of a "war criminal", and at this critical moment, he will pull Tang Enbo again and instigate his return to the people, which will not only cancel the name of war criminal, but also obtain a considerable position.
In Chen Yi's words, it is to promote Tang Enbo again, wouldn't it be a great deal!
It cannot be said that Chen Yi's consideration is not thoughtful, but he is a little too pedantic, Tang Enbo is Chiang Kai-shek's favorite, not to pull it.
Chen Yi was also a cautious person, he did not dare to talk to Tang Enbo on the phone, but called to tell Tang Enbo that he would send his nephew Ding Mingnan to Shanghai to find Tang Enbo, and Tang was full of promises, without the slightest intention of hesitation or refusal.
Chen Yi knew that the stakes were high and that he could not be sloppy, but without further ado, it was imminent and he should act immediately. Chen Yi deliberately brought her nephew Ding Mingnan to explain the rebellion in person.
Ding Mingnan was originally a graduate student at Tsinghua University in Beiping and was writing his graduation thesis. After Chen Yi presided over Zhejiang, Ding Mingnan came to Zhejiang University to work as an editor in the Historical Research Office, and while working, he used the books and materials collected by the room to write a graduate thesis.
Chen Yi had no biological children in his life, Ding Mingnan was the son of his eldest sister, and in order to instigate the task of Tang Enbo's uprising, he decided to send his nephew to explore the way.
In the early morning of January 27, 1949, Ding Mingnan hurried from Zhejiang University to the Shita'ertou Chen Mansion. Chen Yi was talking in a whisper with his confidant Shen Zhongjiu.
When Tang Enbo saw that Ding Mingnan was summoned, he said to Ding: "There is an important matter, you go to Shanghai and personally hand over the letter to Tang Enbo." ”
Chen Yi said and handed the letter to Ding Mingnan, who listed several items on a small and very old piece of paper.
1. Release of political prisoners.
2. Stop Shuzuki construction.
3. Protect all public property and shall not destroy it.
4. Reorganize the original units in accordance with the principles of democracy.
Chen Yi said to Ding Mingnan: "Enbo lives in Pushi Road in the French Concession of Shanghai, tomorrow evening you will go directly to his house, I have already contacted him on the phone, then Enbo will be waiting for you at home." ”
On the day of the Chinese New Year's Eve of the lunar calendar, the weather was relatively cold, Ding Mingnan put on a cotton coat and took a train from Hangzhou to Shanghai early in the morning.
At that time, the traffic was not developed, Ding Mingnan arrived in Shanghai in the afternoon, to see that the weather would be dark, about 5:30 p.m., Ding Mingnan quietly came to Pushi Road according to the time agreed upon by the telephone and Tang Enbo in advance, and knocked on the door of the Tang Mansion.
The Tang Mansion was heavily guarded and the weather was very cold, and Ding Mingnan was freezing outside the concierge, and it took about half an hour before he was led downstairs to a spacious reception hall.
I saw Tang Enbo wearing a military uniform and wearing the rank of general, but his expression was worried, and he did not show much excitement or excitement for Ding Mingnan's arrival.
There were only two people in the hall, Tang Enbo and Ding Mingnan, and Tang Enbo said:
"Shixia is now moving, and his family has moved to Taiwan, so the family is in a mess."
Ding Mingnan is just a college student, and has not received professional training in counter-rebellion, Tang Enbo's sentence is obvious, the family has gone to Taiwan, how can I revolt.
Ding Mingnan did not hear Tang Enbo's words, and after directly explaining his intentions to Tang Enbo, he handed Over Chen Yi's handwritten letter and the listed terms to Tang Enbo in person.
Tang Enbo read Chen Yi's letter in a single glance and casually put it into a pocket of his military uniform. Ding Mingnan said what Chen Yi meant again.
After listening to Ding Mingnan's words, Tang Enbo said in a low voice: There are many eyes and ears of the principal around me, and the time is not ripe for what Chairman Chen said in the letter, you first go back to reply to Chairman Chen, I will go to Hangzhou in the near future, and everything will be discussed after meeting.
When Ding Mingnan was leaving, Tang Enbo personally sent him out the door.
According to normal experience, if there is no positive response, it often indicates danger, and Tang Enbo is like this to Chen Yi.
Tang Enbo said that he would go to Hangzhou for a trip purely to shake a shot, Chen Yi believed it to be true, waited in Hangzhou for more than a week, and did not see Tang Enbo come.
What Chen Yi did not know was that the military command had already placed an internal line around him, and this internal line reported the news of Chen Yi's possible uprising to Mao Sen, director of the Security Department of the Zhejiang Provincial Security Headquarters and director of the second division of the Quzhou Appeasement Office.
When Tang Enbo was appointed commander-in-chief of the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou Garrison, Mao Sen was appointed as the chief of the second major general of the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou Garrison General Headquarters, and Mao Sen had a very good relationship with Tang Enbo.
Mawson once said to someone, "There is no privacy between the two of us." ”
Mawson arranged for his wife, Hu Dezhen, to be a secretary at Tombaugh's headquarters, which was actually a "nail" for the Secret Service to spy on Tombaugh.
Chen Yi saw that Tang Enbo was slow to act, but did not have a vigilant heart, and at this time, Tang Enbo was also caught in a huge contradiction and finally decided to inform. He made this decision for six reasons:
One is that he knows that his hands are stained with the blood of the people. In 1932, he was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek to "attack" the Eyu-Anhui Border Region, and in Xinji, he strafed more than 100 Red Army soldiers with machine guns at one time, and then buried more than 200 self-defense officers and innocent people alive in Huang'an.
On a more serious occasion, he shot all two or three thousand people. Because of this, he ranked 37th on the list of "war criminals" released by the CCP.
The second is that as a high-ranking Kuomintang official and a general of the army, he has not met the big figures of the CCP, and all his guarantees come from the underground party organization of the CCP, and he feels very unreliable.
Third, Tang Enbo once had anti-Chiang Kai-shek feelings, but this was all caused by his own frustration, Chiang Kai-shek did not abandon him, Chiang Kai-shek on the eve of "retirement", let him serve as the commander-in-chief of the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou garrison, entrusted him with the heavy responsibility of defending the southeast half of the rivers and mountains, and later allocated 200,000 taels of gold as military expenses. This made Tang Enbo feel that the imperial grace was vast.
Fourth, Chen Yi's letter has been discovered by the Secrecy Bureau. After Tang Enbo sent Ding Mingnan away, he carefully locked Chen Yi's handwritten letter into his drawer, thinking that it was foolproof, who knew that when he read the letter again, he found that the letter had been passive, and he was convinced that this was the work of the Secrecy Bureau, and the Secrecy Bureau would inevitably report the situation to Chiang Kai-shek.
Fifth, his children want to study in the United States, and if they revolt, this wish will be difficult to realize.
Sixth, although Tang Enbo had many troops under him, many of them were die-hard anti-communists, and even if he wanted to revolt, he might not be able to control the troops.
After Tang Enbo informed Chiang Kai-shek, the Secrecy Bureau set up a full set up to capture Chen Yi and escort Chen Yi to Taiwan. Chiang Kai-shek ordered the shooting of Army General Chen Yi.
On the morning of June 9, 1950, the Kuomintang "Ministry of National Defense" High Military Tribunal conducted a military trial of Chen Yi, and the presiding judge was Gu Zhutong.
At the beginning of the trial, Chen Yi was seen wearing a neat suit and striding into the courtroom with her head held high, looking solemn and serious. Then, Tang Enbo, a witness dressed in a general's uniform, quietly entered the courtroom through the side door.
Tang Enbo's face was haggard, he came to Chen Yi and subconsciously saluted Chen Yi, but did not dare to look at Chen Yi squarely, but Chen Yi turned his head and looked dismissive, as if he did not see him. Tombaugh awkwardly stood in the witness stand in the general's costume, which caused a commotion in the auditorium.
Gu Zhutong asked Chen Yi, "Why did you collude with the communist bandits and betray the leader?" What is the crime? ”
Chen Yi retorted: "At that time, the president had already left the field, and a large number of troops who had retired from the front line poured into Zhejiang, and military discipline was corrupt and the people were panicked. Fathers and brothers in the province all wanted to avoid military disasters. Based on the opinions of the local gentry and the people, nai sent his nephew Ding Mingnan to Shanghai, with the intention of protecting the people of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Hangzhou from suffering military disasters. What is my sin in doing things for the people? ”
For Chen Yi's rebuttal, Gu Zhu did not know how to respond at the same time, and a moment later, he asked Tang Enbo on the side witness to provide testimony. Tang Enbo's face turned miserable and he snorted and said:
"I have indeed been deeply favored by the prisoner Chen Yi all my life, it is difficult to describe, and I am not willing to report him? It was only because I was loyal to the party and patriotic that I had to endure painful accusations and could no longer take into account Chen Yi's deep kindness to me. ”
Gu Zhutong, the presiding judge, finally sentenced Chen Yi to death on charges of "colluding with the bandits and conspiring to defect." After Chen Yi listened to the verdict, her expression was indifferent, without the slightest regret or guilt, and she retreated.
After Chen Yi was taken to the execution site, she was identified as a regular figure, and the photographer took a picture of this special prisoner.
In the process, Chen Yi seemed very calm and calm, as if she was going to go out. He turned to the executioner and said:
"You're going to shoot me in the head!"
As he walked, he said to himself: "People die, spirits do not die!" People die, spirits do not die! ”
With the sound of two gunshots, Chen Yi fell to the ground suddenly, blood gushing out of his left chest, his eyes slightly closed, his mouth slightly open, serene and dignified.
After Chen Yi died, Tang Enbo wept bitterly and could not help himself. He set up a spiritual hall for his teacher at home and knelt down to pray for his forgiveness.
He could never forget the scene of meeting him in court, and when he saluted Chen Yi as a witness, Chen Yi turned his head as if she hadn't seen him.
Chen Cheng, who had not dealt with Tang Enbo in the first place, was dismissive of Tang Enbo's behavior, and he said to people:
"He told the whistle, and he pretended to cry a fart."
Chen Cheng reported the situation to Chiang Kai-shek, and on June 20, 1950, Chiang Kai-shek summoned Tang Enbo, who reprimanded:
"Chen Yi disposed of it according to law, and there is still a lot of guilt left to die, what else are you crying?" I heard that you set up a spiritual hall for Chen Private at home, so quickly remove it when you go back! ”
What made Tang Enbo even more unexpected was that his wife Wang Jingbai originally had a good relationship with himself, but after he betrayed his righteous father Chen Yi, she had a gap with Tang Enbo, and then Wang Jingbai left Tang Enbo with several children, including Tang Jianping, and moved to the United States to live. Tombaugh grew even more depressed.
In May 1954, Tombaugh went to Japan to treat stomach problems. On June 29, he died at Keio University Hospital in Tokyo, Japan, and on July 15, Tang Enbo coffin was sent from the funeral home to Nangong Hushan in Taipei County for burial, where He Yingqin, Chen Liang, Hu Zongnan, and Chiang Ching-kuo were buried. He was later buried in Five Finger Hill Cemetery.
Tianxuan is the author's pen name, who has studied history and philosophy and is welcome to pay attention to it.