People's Daily health client reporter Gu Yuwei
On January 20, in the fifth special live broadcast of health education and science popularization jointly launched by People's Daily Health Client and Peking University International Hospital, experts said that hypertension, diabetes, hyperuricemia have become chronic killers that harm kidney function, and for the treatment of kidney diseases, early detection, early prevention and treatment are required, self-diagnosis, regular physical examination, and strive to improve the prognosis of patients.
Nearly 50% of kidney disease has no obvious symptoms in the early stage, and patients are advised to do a good self-diagnosis
"As a common disease and high incidence, kidney disease cannot be ignored. It is worth noting that nearly 50% of kidney diseases have an insidious onset and often have no obvious symptoms in the early stages. Yu Feng, director of the Department of Nephrology of Peking University International Hospital, pointed out in the live broadcast.
"Without early identification, intervention and standardized treatment, chronic kidney disease will eventually progress to end-stage renal disease, or uremia. At this time, the kidney function is less than 10% of normal, which is not enough to compensate for the physiological functions such as detoxification, and the patient must maintain life through treatment such as dialysis or kidney transplantation, and there is basically no possibility of cure. Yu Feng said that only early detection and timely treatment can minimize the incidence of uremia.
Xia Ming, director of the Department of Urology of Peking University International Hospital, pointed out that urological diseases are different at different ages. For example, pediatric urological diseases are mostly urinary system malformations and congenital hydronephrosis; In general, urinary stones and prostatitis are more common in young and middle-aged people; For middle-aged and elderly people, the most common clinical manifestations of urological diseases are tumors, prostatic hypertrophy, urethral strictures, etc.
Xia suggested that in daily life, patients can do a good job of self-diagnosis to check for potential risks of urinary tract diseases. Symptoms such as eyelid puffiness, general puffiness or abnormal color of urine, difficulty urinating with a regular frequency, and pain in the bladder and ureteral area warrant the need to be alert to urinary abnormalities.
Diabetes and high blood pressure should pay more attention to kidney health
"With the transformation of the domestic kidney disease spectrum, we need to focus on the population from traditional patients with chronic nephritis to the treatment of patients with diabetic kidney disease and hypertensive kidney disease." Yu Feng explained that the traditional common kidney disease in the mainland has always been dominated by chronic nephritis and glomerulonephritis, and after 2011, the first place of nephropathy patients discharged from domestic third-class hospitals is no longer chronic nephritis, but diabetic nephropathy, and the second is hypertensive nephropathy.
Yu Feng said that healthy adults should do regular physical examinations once a year, of which three tests can help identify asymptomatic kidney disease patients early:
The first item is urinalysis, if there are both plus signs for urine protein and occult blood cells, it is necessary to consider the possibility of urinary tract infection or glomerulonephritis. The second test is a blood draw for blood chemistry, and if serum creatinine is excessive, it also indicates decreased renal function. The third examination is urinary system ultrasound, which can help determine whether there are urinary stones, tumors, cyst dysplasia, etc.
Yu Feng said that if there is a family history of kidney disease or people with underlying diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, it is recommended to have a physical examination once every six months, combined with the clinical pathology of doctors, almost 80% to 90% of kidney diseases can be diagnosed.
He also reminded that patients with chronic kidney disease are also high-risk groups of the new crown, if there is underlying kidney disease, after the recovery of the new crown, we must pay attention to the review of urine routine and kidney function to further check whether the new crown virus causes damage to the kidneys.
