More than 80 years ago, there was a young girl, she came, she hurried away, leaving only a beautiful back, her name is Zhang Shanzhu.
First, in the shanghai beach, the Zhang family lady came to the fore
Zhang Jiashi lived in Miaoshang Village outside the East Gate of Shangyu (now Part of Yuguang Village, Fenghui Town, Shangyu District), and in the last years of the Qing Dynasty, a young man named Zhang Jishan broke into shanghai beaches, found a decent job at a German foreign firm, and then set up a family in Shanghai.
In March 1915, the second child of the family was born, this is a beautiful girl, named Zhang Bizhen.
Xiao Bizhen is clever and clever, cute and is the pearl in the palm of her parents. The Zhang family did not have a patriarchal concept, and Xiao Bizhen was sent to Wanzhu Primary School (now Shanghai Experimental Primary School) as soon as she reached school age. She excelled in her homework at the school, and after graduating from primary school, she was admitted to Wuben Girls' Middle School (now Shanghai No. 2 Middle School) with excellent grades, and then she was admitted to the normal department of the school.
By 1934, she graduated from the Normal Department of Wuben and taught at Caojiadu Gangong Primary School in Shanghai, where she soon became the director of academic affairs. She was active, talented, beautiful and passionate, which made her a rising star in Shanghai's education scene.
Then soon, the calm campus life was mercilessly shattered by the sound of the iron hooves of foreign enemies. After the Lugou Bridge Incident on July 7, 1937, the Japanese invaded China on a large scale, and the flames of the War of Resistance burned fiercely. Zhang Bizhen resolutely joined the Shanghai Women's Salvation Association, took to the streets to publicize, collect funds, train rescue, mobilize and organize all anti-Japanese forces, and unanimously oppose the enemy.
After the fall of Shanghai, the school was taken over by a puppet regime in 1938, which enslaved students, which further aroused the indignation of Zhang Bizhen and other progressive teachers, who resolutely resisted the enslavement of teaching materials and bravely defended the dignity of Chinese.
Because of her progressive thinking and courageous actions, she attracted the attention of the Shanghai underground party organization, and in the same year, under the introduction of Comrades Zhong Ming (who later served as secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee), Liu Feng (later deputy secretary of the Nanjing Municipal Party Committee), and other comrades, she secretly joined the Communist Party of China and was determined to fight for a better tomorrow for the motherland. She once said: "The country is at a critical juncture of life and death, compatriots live in the depths of the water, I want to have a point of heat, a point of light, devote all my energy to the sacred anti-Japanese struggle, until the victory of the war of resistance, I will never get married." ”
Second, the Japanese Kou hunted down, and the underground party members returned to their homeland
Zhang Bizhen's anti-Japanese actions attracted the attention of the traitor agents, after which the Japanese gendarmes opened their nets and hunted her down. For safety reasons, the higher-level party organization informed her to evacuate Shanghai. The father was reluctant to let his daughter stay away from him and advised her to go to the French Concession to take shelter for a while, but she still decided to return to her hometown to continue the war. In this way, she left Shanghai, where she had lived for 24 years, bid farewell to her family, teachers, students and friends who lived day and night, and returned to Shangyu.
In her hometown of Miaoshang Village, she lived with her sister-in-law and niece, who had returned earlier, and suffered together. In order to conceal her identity, she changed her name to Zhang Shanzhu.
In June 1939, Yu Weichuan, a native of Xinchang, was transferred to the post of secretary of the Party Department of Shangyu County of the Kuomintang, and he was progressive in his thinking and open-minded in behavior. He also brought a group of progressive young people from Xinchang, such as propaganda officer Yu Jusheng, who was an underground member of the CCP, and Yu Yuanliang, the secretary of the party department, who soon secretly joined the Communist Party. Driven by Eryu, the anti-Japanese salvation movement in Shangyu rose vigorously.
Through the introduction of Sister Zhou, who was known by her sister-in-law in the county seat, Zhang Shanzhu came to Shangyu City (present-day Fenghui Town), met Yu Jusheng and Yu Yuanliang, participated in the "War Drum Song And Music Club" sponsored by them, and became a main member of the society. Together, they sang "The Song of the Guerrillas," "On the Taihang Mountain," and "The Great Chorus of the Yellow River," and so on, and also openly sang the "Military Song of the New Fourth Army" in Shangyu City under the name of "Military Song": "Under the glorious Northern Expedition of Wuchang City, blood stains our names; the lone army struggles on Luoxiao Mountain, inheriting the special honor of the martyrs..."
In February 1940, in order to meet the needs of the War of Resistance, the "Field Service Regiment" of Shangyu County was established. The picture above shows the group photo of the members of the field service regiment, starting from left in the front row: Yu Weibin, Yu Jusheng, Yu Yuanliang, Yu Weichuan, Zhu Jue (former secretary of the CPC Shangyu County CPC Committee), He Wei (former head of the CPC Lianghu District), Wang Hengsheng; back row from right: Zhang Shanzhu (female), Huang Jingyuan (female), Xu Jianlin (female), Li Zhuxian (female), Luo Zhensheng (former secretary of the CPC Shangyu County Working Committee), Shen Zikuan, Jin Guoguang, Ding Shengzhao, And Wei Dazhong.
In March of the same year, under the planning of Yu Jusheng and Yu Yuanliang, Wei Zhongzhong, Huang Jingyuan, Shen Zikuan, Jin Guoguang, Xu Jianlin, etc. all joined the Communist Party, and Zhang Shanzhu found the party organization in Shangyu's hometown and returned to the embrace of the party.
In the field service group, Zhang Shanzhu always looks different, she is petite and exquisite, elegant temperament, a shawl long hair is soft and smooth, often wear a green cheongsam, sometimes covered with a black coat, especially beautiful, foreign, by the comrades jokingly called "modern woman", "Miss Shanghai", but also suspected of being a reactionary party group, CC faction and so on. In order to integrate with her comrades, later she also wore the same green and gray cloth clothes and hats issued by the public, and carried a cloth satchel covered with a red five-star.
With the tense and busy anti-Japanese propaganda and the development of the battlefield labor army, Zhang Shanzhu's selfless spirit and indomitable will were praised by comrades and became the "most beloved person" and "strong steel warrior" in everyone's mind.
Comrade Zhou Ming, who was the secretary of the Shangyu County Working Committee of the CPC, recalled: "We felt that her political attitude at that time was firm and very sincere to her comrades, and the county working committee had a good impression of her. She has a high level of education and ability to move. I remember that at that time, her clothes were more fashionable, like Miss Shanghai, and doing underground work at that time was also conducive to cover. ”
Third, the propaganda of the anti-Japanese resistance, "Miss Shanghai" tossed and turned
In the field service regiment, Zhang Shanzhu became an outstanding literary and artistic pioneer under the leadership of the party, and with perseverance and perseverance, she and her teammates waded through mountains and rivers, toured around for propaganda, and sowed the seeds of anti-Japanese resistance in the foothills of Siming Mountain with full combat enthusiasm.
From February 21 to 25, 1940, Zhang Shanzhu and 19 other members of the Field Service Corps were ordered to assist the political work team of the three districts of Zhejiang Province to go to Yuyao for a labor army performance. Her teammate Hou Su wrote five "Diary of a Laborer", which truly reproduced the scene of that year and was very precious:
February 21, sunny. Before setting off, he acted in the city (referring to Fenghui), did not rest, and hurriedly prepared for mobile performances to comfort the garrison. We had 19 members of the group, sleeping in the General Assembly Hall. It was late at night and I went to the boat to discuss the work.
February 22, sunny. From Shangyu to Yuyao, he learned the "Ballad of Ejiang" on the boat, and finally arrived in Yuyao as scheduled, without hindering the performance of the political work team of the three districts of the province. Sleeping City God Temple.
February 23, sunny. In Yuyao, early in the morning, the alarm sounded. We hid in the Catholic Church. Bumps, bombs, church glass. The alarm is lifted, where a meeting is held to lay out the work. Many people were bombed, killed and injured at the head of the ship, and the political work team of the third district and the political work team of Yuyao went to rescue and comfort them. In the evening, the performances of "Catch the Japanese Guy Alive" and "New Characters" worked well. In particular, the scene of the orphan whose parents were killed by comrade Yu Yao collecting donations from the audience is the most wonderful. Hold a review session before bedtime.
February 24, sunny. In the morning, he attended a fraternity party in Yuyao and was assigned a rehearsal of the five-act play "Children's Heroes". After the night play, the comrades of the political work team helped us carry the whole things to the night sailing ship, slept on the boat, and the water waves hit the bottom of the boat, like a lullaby of the mother.com.
February 25, sunny. In Baiguan, the boat went to the Three Shed Bridge, and the transport team picked up the objects to the Baiguan East Prison Temple. In the afternoon, some of them set up a stage at the Dayun Temple, some of them went to the labor army, and in the evening, a military-civilian party was held to perform "Capture the Japanese Yankees Alive" and "Hibiscus and Peonies", and also performed "A Wounded Guerrilla" with the young comrades of the Hundred Officials.
Such tours were often carried out, and their footprints covered Xiaguan, Dingzhai Street, Yonghe City, Jiatang, Xiaoyue, Baiguan, Songxia, etc., and they also went to Liangnong many times, and as for the performances in the city, there were more.
The Field Service Corps were versatile literary and artistic fighters who, in addition to performing, also produced woodcuts to promote anti-Japanese resistance. Zhang Shanzhu once created a woodcut copied from a pictorial newspaper: a Japanese ghost with a bayonet carrying two robbed chickens and triumphantly returning. She used the painting to awaken the people's hatred for the enemy.
They also used the show to raise money for winter clothes. On the evening of October 10, 1940, in the Great Hall of Shangyu County, more than 30 people from the county field service group and the "Shunjiang Society" jointly performed the famous anti-Japanese drama "Father and Son" to raise money for winter clothes, which was performed for two consecutive nights, which was popular inside and outside the ancient city for a while. At that time, "Shangyu Bao" published the plot introduction of "Father and Son" and the list of actors in the four days before and after. Zhang Shanzhu changed the way she used to play a decent heroine, this time playing a villain heroine, and her performance received unanimous praise.
Zhang Shanzhu devoted herself wholeheartedly to the cultural undertakings of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and successively joined the "War Drum Song and Music Society", "County Field Service Group", and also participated in the "Shangyu County Urban Youth Summer Service Group". In the second half of 1940, because the political work team of the three districts had left Shangyu and the county political work team had long been disbanded, Yu Jusheng, Yu Yuanliang, and others initiated the organization of a county-wide youth academic organization, the "Shunjiang Society", in the name of the county party department, and Zhang Shanzhu and seven other people were elected as officers. Zhang Shanzhu also actively participated in the activities organized by the county women's committee to support the frontline and comfort the anti-Japanese soldiers. On December 9, 1940, the Shangyu Bao reported that the Shangyu Youth Service Corps held a symposium for women from all walks of life to discuss women's issues, including Zhao Zhixia, Shen Danfang, Tang Xin, Zhang Shanzhu, Xu Jianlin, and so on.
At the end of December 1940, on this day, the underground party members of the Field Service Regiment urgently engraved mimeograph leaflets, and when night fell, the soldiers divided into five roads, from the streets and alleys of the county town out of the five city gates, to the surrounding major townships to post slogans and distribute leaflets. The group leader Zhang Shanzhu was in a group with the public and Jingyuan, and they went out of the East Gate in the dark, all the way to the Xiejia Bridge outside the East Gate, and fought nervously and witfully until more than three o'clock in the morning.
The next day, public opinion inside and outside the county town was boiling, the reactionaries' surrender face was fully exposed, and the Communist Party's anti-war proposal was deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
Lu Guixiang, the governor of Shangyu County at the time, determined that the "field service group" had been red, ordered its dissolution, and put it on a blacklist, announcing that these people could no longer be retained in the county seat unless their names were changed. Zhang Shanzhu is also on the blacklist.
Fourth, the struggle is difficult, and the young girl died in the line of duty
The Shangyu County Working Committee of the CPC adopted the white area work policy of "concealing and being capable, laying ambushes for a long time, accumulating strength, and waiting for the opportunity," and decided to let the comrades with "red" faces evacuate and continue to stay. Zhang Shanzhu, who was already on the blacklist, was originally arranged by the party organization to go to Ningbo, where the conditions were better, but she volunteered to go to shengxian county, which was relatively difficult.
In the spring of 1941, Zhang Shanzhu of Shangyu and Yu Zhen of Yuyao were transferred to The Kanliu Primary School, the liaison organ of the Shengxian County CPC Committee, on the basis of a letter of introduction from the Special Committee of the Cpc Central Committee. The school's faculty and staff are all underground members of the Communist Party of China, and the president, Zhou Baisheng, is also the secretary of the party branch.
Kanliu Primary School needs teachers like Zhang Shanzhu. She has a wealth of teaching experience, the language of the class is vivid; her art skills are solid, and the students are very interested; In her music class, she sang the anti-war songs in a blend of scenes and brought tears to her eyes; she followed the rules of her students, mainly praise, rarely criticized, and was deeply loved by the students. She also held people's night schools, women's literacy classes, and sorority meetings, rooted a red seed in the mountains and villages, and established a deep relationship with the local people.
She is a big miss who grew up in Shanghai, but she is not a squeamish "Miss Shanghai", she can bear hardships and stand hard work, fight for everything, she is modest and cautious about people and things, not arrogant and not proud.
In late June 1941, the CPC ShaoZhi Special Committee and the Shengxian County Party Committee instructed the party branch of Kanliu Primary School to establish the Liansheng mimeograph tabloid to carry out anti-Japanese propaganda. The tabloid is a daily magazine, with Zhou Baisheng as the editor-in-chief and Zhang Shanzhu as the editor-in-chief. In the scorching heat, she worked day and night with her comrades-in-arms to write, typeset, engrave, and mimeograph, work day and night, sleep and forget to eat, and transmit the daily "Liansheng" newspaper to the hands of party organizations at all levels and the masses of the people at all levels as scheduled. This tabloid was issued in most of Shengxian County, and it was very distinctive, well received by the common people, and fully affirmed by the leaders of the special committee and the county party committee.
One day in mid-September, Zhang Shanzhu was still working hard to compile and print newspapers, and suddenly felt unwell, her body burned like a ball of charcoal, and she never had a fever. At first, she still insisted on working, and the school invited Xing Chinese medicine doctor from the village, who was diagnosed with typhoid fever and gave her Chinese medicine, but it did not work. Shanzhu's high fever still did not go away, and it was so hot that she could not get out of bed. When many parents and young women learned of this, they came to visit her and brought eggs and other food.
Due to the harsh local conditions and the lack of medical treatment, on September 26, 1941, the school and the party organization sent someone from Changle Town to invite a Western doctor to treat her. The doctor gave her an injection of Western medicine, and when the needle was injected, she screamed loudly and fell unconscious. That night, Zhang Shanzhu became delirious, talked nonsense, and immediately entered a state of dying. The next day, at 9 a.m. on September 27, her heart stopped beating, and the good son of Shangyu died at the age of 26 and a half.
Analyzing the cause of death, Zhang Shanzhu may have been killed by that shot of Western medicine, but because it was in a state of secrecy at that time, the school had the heavy responsibility of covering the safety of the special committee and the county party committee, so it did not dare to speak out, and it was even more inconvenient to investigate.
When the bad news spread, the teachers and students of Kanliu Primary School and the neighboring people all wept bitterly and wept bitterly, and they were extremely sad.
Huang Kangfu (Xiao Huang), a former Chunhui Middle School student, later wrote that two days ago he borrowed a woodcut knife from Shanzhu, "That day she had a high fever, but she was still conscious, and she asked me to find it myself." "After hearing the bad news of her death, it was like a thunderbolt on a sunny day.
Huang Kangfu attended Zhang Shanzhu's funeral with grief and recorded the scene at that time: "When I arrived at Kanliu Primary School, I saw that the body of Comrade Zhang Shanzhu had been moved to the auditorium downstairs, lying on a temporary spiritual bed. Petite body, wearing her usual favorite green qipao, her head is wrapped in a piece of cloth, and she can no longer see her smiling and squinting little round face and bright eyes! When I bid farewell to her body, I remembered that she was still so young, so energetic, so versatile, and how much work she could do for the party and the revolution! She abandoned the comfortable life in Shanghai, came to a remote mountain village, lived a hard life, and insisted on resisting Japan and saving her life. ”
Zhang Shanzhu's body was buried on a hill behind Kanliu Village.
Huang Kangfu continued: "Comrades-in-arms and colleagues and fathers and fellow villagers, in addition to grief and regret, sincerely praised Comrade Shanzhu's short but extraordinary life. She, like a battlefield yellow flower standing up in the wind and a colorful red "underground rose", always exudes fiery youthful vitality and refreshing fragrance! ”
(This article is provided by Zhang Shanzhu's niece Teacher Zhang Shaomei, hereby thanks!) ）
(Author: You You Fenghui Shi Jirong)