Tabby neck snake, that is, the snake introduced in this article, was once considered to be a non-venomous snake in China, and the status of this product in Japan is higher than that of the Japanese belly, so how toxic is the tabby neck snake? The subcutaneous injection was 9.2 mg/kg, and the intravenous injection reached 0.265 mg/kg.
Such a high degree of toxicity in Our country has been considered to be a non-venomous snake before, and there is no death case, I think a large part of the reason is because the tabby neck groove snake is the posterior groove tooth, that is, the poisonous tooth is not obvious in the throat, followed by even if it is bitten, it is often classified as injured by other poisonous snakes, using the wrong serum and died alone, so what is the real situation? Let's take a closer look at this overlooked venomous snake.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > tabby-necked snake is very common, commonly known as "pheasant neck"</h1>
Tabby-necked snake is a reptile of the genus Snake of the genus Napus in the family Cyprinidae, commonly known as pheasant neck, red-necked snake, flat neck, belongs to the posterior venomous snake, its trunk and tail are grassy green, the neck area and the front of the body scales between the skin is red, interspersed with regularly arranged square black patches, and there is a clear neck groove in the middle of the neck. Small in size, about 0.8 meters in length, adult weight is generally 200-400 grams, often in the valley dam area of rice fields, slow flow and pond activity predation, daytime activity, mostly found near the ditch in the agricultural area, mainly feeding on frogs, but also eat insects birds and rats. Gentle temperament, timid and fearful, which is why it rarely hurts people, but if it continues to provoke it or is seen as dangerous, they will also lift their upper bodies, expand their necks like cobras, and their bodies will be "S" shaped to attack.
Enlarged neck
This snake is very widely distributed in China, Heilongjiang, Tibet these places have distribution, not to mention other regions, tabby sloth neck snake has three subspecies, namely the Chinese subspecies, the Japanese subspecies and the Taiwan subspecies, the highest sense of existence may be the Japanese subspecies, the public will take it as a poisonous snake to pay attention to, put it in our country, after seeing the fierce snake snake, this snake is often laissez-faire, some people even mention playing in their hands, after the release of the game, they did not think about the poisonous snake at all, and then, It is easy to bite.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the "better than nothing" fangs of the tabby-necked snake</h1>
There are also many people who are bitten by the tabby neck groove snake, mainly because the teeth of this snake are too far behind, they have neither tube teeth nor anterior groove teeth, and even the back groove teeth.
The poisonous tooth of the poisonous snake is generally divided into three types:
The tube teeth are located on both sides of the front of the upper jaw, longer or folded, the whole fang resembles an injection needle, and the venom in the poison gland can be injected directly into the prey through the hollow poisonous fangs.
The anterior groove tooth is the same as the tube tooth, but it is short and cannot be folded, and the poisonous tooth is not hollow, but has a longitudinal groove similar to a "blood groove".
The posterior groove tooth is located in the larynx and is usually injected with venom when swallowing prey, and the groove is on the side of the tooth, and the venom flows into the wound through the groove.
Almost invisible poisonous fangs
Tabby neck groove snake teeth are neither hollow nor grooved, but simply the rear two maxillary teeth enlarged, their venom can only flow along the poisonous fangs to the wound, there is no groove and other structure assistance, the amount of venom flowing into the prey body is very small, but their poisonous fangs are sickle-shaped, the inside of the backward curved venomous fangs is very sharp, the biggest use of this structure is to cut prey, such as toads will bloat when attacked, then at the right time to give the skin of the toad a knife to deflate, swallowing is very easy.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the real secret weapon of the tabby-necked snake - the double venomous gland</h1>
For venomous snakes, the size of the venom glands determines their detoxification, even if the venom is relatively high, they will rely on the amount of venom to put down the prey, the venom produced by the glands will be injected into the prey by the poisonous teeth along the catheter, but for the tabby neck groove snake, this simple step is too difficult, their poisonous fangs have no grooves and are not hollow, the venom glands and venom teeth have no duct connections, and even the venom glands are not conventional venom glands, their venom glands are called Duvernoy's glands (Duvernoy′). Sgland) special glands.
The venomous fangs and connected glands of the tabby-necked snake
The biggest feature of The Du's gland is the branched tubular composite gland, because the glands are closely arranged, so there is no conventional venom gland for storing venom sacs, which also determines that their venom volume is very low, the average venom production is 11.8mg, and there is no muscle attachment around the gland, which also means that the tabby neck groove snake does not detoxify by squeezing, their detoxification is more like a "secretion" process.
Although the venom glands of the tabby-necked snake see how to "dish", and even feel that their usefulness is closer to the secretion of "saliva", but their toxicity is not low, the venom of the tabby-necked snake contains a strong prothrombin activator, the toxin acts on fibrin, causing severe bleeding symptoms, the pathological characteristics of the venom of the Du's gland acting on mice are similar to the characteristics of injecting viper snake venom, and the injured person has a heavier subcutaneous congestion around the wound, loses consciousness after a few hours, and has kidney damage, but the general situation is not serious , rarely circulating insufficiency or DIC.
After being bitten, the wound has obvious congestion and blood bubbles
In addition to the Du's gland, the tabby-necked snake also has a neck gland, which is also a gland common to the genus Of the snake, located in the center of the neck longitudinally arranged on the back of the snake, the gland is about 8-13 pairs, arranged in a chain of parallels, each small gland exists alone, and there is no obvious detoxification catheter. When the tabbyneck-necked snake is attacked, it will erect the front half of the body and expand the neck, this action is not only used to intimidate the other party, but also relies on this action to squeeze the neck glands, splashing out white or yellowish venom, which will have a strong irritation to the mucous membrane, and there is a certain neurotoxicity, and the eyes will be red, swollen and painful, according to the analysis of many components of this venom and the venom secreted by the toad, a large part of the evidence shows that these toxins are obtained directly from the food toad.
White or yellowish venom that sputters out after squeezing the neck glands
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > concluding remarks</h1>
Fortunately, the tabby neck snake has a docile personality, rarely takes the initiative to attack humans, after being bitten by it, the wound is often in a very backward position to be stained with venom, and because the poisonous teeth do not have grooves, the venom secreted by the glands is only applied to the surface of the skin, the injection efficiency is very low, which is also the reason why many people have no symptoms or mild symptoms after being bitten, but after all, the toxicity is there, not to be mourned, and the venom secreted by the neck glands of the tabby neck groove snake is also very dangerous, so the best way to see the tabby neck groove snake in the wild is to stay away.
References: Baidu Encyclopedia, Baidu Tieba