From March 19, the 46-episode TV series "Liu Shaoqi the Communist" was broadcast at the Golden Theater of CCTV. The drama tells the story of Liu Shaoqi breaking into the "four township passes" of the county, provincial city, capital city and national gate, looking for the "Eight Character True Scripture" of "seeking truth from facts and seeking truth every time", and is determined to find the truth of saving the country and building the road of new China. The play deeply attracted a large number of audiences, and the audience as Liu Shaoqi's hometown was more proud and close
Changsha Evening News all-media reporter Fan Yaxiang
A "Liu Jiu Bookcase" who loved to read since childhood,
Vowed to defend the motherland opened up by Yanhuang changed its name to "Liu Weihuang"
A shout broke the tranquility of the countryside in Ningxiang, Hunan, only to see a servant running from the edge of the pond into the front of Liu Jiatang's house and shouting incessantly: "Something has happened to the nine full servants, and something has happened to the nine full servants!" When Liu Shaoqi's mother, Lu Shi, and the sixth sister found Liu Shaoqi, he sat on the ground, clutching a tattered newspaper in both hands, and hung his head deeply, tears flowing down his face... This is the lens in "Liu Shaoqi the Communist", in real life, Liu Shaoqi was indeed a child who loved to learn and think when he was a child.
Luo Xiong, former director of liu shaoqi's hometown management bureau, who is an expert on Liu Shaoqi's research, said that Liu Shaoqi's father, Liu Shousheng, and his mother, Lu Shi, named Shaoxuan in accordance with the lineage of "starting from the beginning of the Duanfang, Shaoyun Weizang, Linxun Quhan, and Jiyun Longchang" drawn up by the Liu family from the ninth generation onwards. In addition, he was the ninth and youngest among his uncles and brothers, so the clan called him "Nine Full".
"Liu Shaoqi loves to read very much, and he has been unable to release the scroll since he was a child." The monotonous reading life in the private school could not satisfy his exuberant intellectual curiosity; the rigid teaching method of the private school teacher also made Liu Shaoqi tired. There is a classmate whose father is named Zhou Ruixian, and there are many progressive books and periodicals in the family, and Liu Shaoqi often travels a long way to borrow books after he knows it. Once, Liu Shaoqi went to Zhou Ruixian's house to borrow books. It was snowing heavily that day, and Zhou Ruixian asked his wife to send a pot of charcoal to Liu Shaoqi. Liu Shaoqi was fascinated by reading next to the charcoal basin, and the charcoal fire burned his cotton shoes, and even the people in the next room smelled the smell of burning, but he himself was completely unaware. Zhou Ruixian was very fond of this child who devoted himself to reading books, and Liu Shaoqi had a strong memory since he was a child, so he gave him a "Liu Jiu bookcase" elegant number. This elegant name soon spread in his hometown of Tanzichong, "Until now, when the villagers talk about Liu Shaoqi, they will praise him as 'Liu Jiu Bookcase'."
In the TV series, the scene where Zhu Wugong took "Jiuman" to Shuangshiling to see the sunrise horizon left an impression on the audience, because Liu Shaoqi saw "a flat burden that picked up the grain and rice in the world" in Shuangshiling. Shuangshiling is a mountain in the southeast region of Ningxiang, located in the territory of Huaminglou on the edge of the Jin River, the ridge is ancient and ancient, the stone spring is rushing, the fragrance is floating in the four seasons, the valley is crying warblers; the Jin River under the ridge is winding into a belt, the water is as blue as jade; the mountain is rich in bituminous coal, and it is one of the four major coal mines in Huxiang in the late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic.
In 1906, Liu Shaoqi went to study at the private school of Gargo Chong. Zhu Zanting, a private school teacher, admired the young Liu Shaoqi and named him Wei Huang (渭璜) with the meaning of the story of "Jiang Taigong fishing Huang Huang in Weishui and meeting King Wen". In July 1913, Liu Shaoqi adopted this name when he applied for the Yutan Higher Primary School in Ningxiang County. When the school announced the list of admitted students, Liu Shaoqi, who had changed his name to "Liu Weihuang", was written at the top of the list and was assigned to the 11th class. Liu Shaoqi was so excited that he composed a poem: "The spring wind has no will, when will the bright moon come!" ”
Liu Shaoqi does not belong to the kind of "Zheng Rong" talent who is sharp and has a bias of homework, he has a broad temperament and all disciplines go hand in hand. "His essays are full of emotion and righteousness, and are often read as exemplars. Judging from his life, although his literary name is not particularly prominent, nor has there been any special literary and artistic works passed down, he strives to be easy, and it is also a valuable literary style. Luo Xiong said.
Liu Shaoqi's Yutan School, only 40 kilometers from Changsha, is well-informed. At that time, the difficult state affairs, the difficult nationalities, and the poor people all tormented the heart of the young Liu Shaoqi. At this time, a group of progressive teachers at Yutan School also gave Liu Shaoqi the right guidance. Later, Liu Shaoqi fondly recalled: "Thank you so much for instilling patriotic ideas and enthusiasm in me, since then, I have changed my name 'Liu Weihuang' to 'Liu Weihuang', determined to defend the motherland opened up by Yanhuang." ”
Liu Shaoqi also left the only two remaining poems of his life at the Yutan School. The first is "Five Absolute Trees Planted in Front of the Yutan School": "Small trees are planted on both sides, and there is a street with thick shade." When he grows into a big tree, he is a pillar of wood. The other is "Seven Laws , Nanmen Bridge Iron Bull": "Double iron cattle on the South Gate Bridge, staring at the river island." The wind blows and does not move, and sweat flows when the rain is pouring. The grass was often closed everywhere, and the golden whip withdrew without turning back. The shepherd boy has ropes and ropes in the air, and who dares to collect them by the river? ”
With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the former Yutan School has become a forest-like tall building. Between these tall buildings, you can see rows of small trees, although they have not yet been able to shade a street, but it will not be long before these small trees will grow into big trees in the sky and become the material of the beams.
B Changed the name again for the sake of "Li Qizhi",
Liu Shaoqi, who had a martial spirit, went out of the countryside to join the revolution
In the summer of 1916, a young man full of longing was hurrying through the streets of Changsha. This teenager is 18-year-old Liu Shaoqi.
Liu Shaoqi came to Changsha for the first time from his hometown of Ningxiang Tanzi, and because he was deeply influenced by the "Xinhai Revolution", the people of Changsha were relatively open-minded, especially intellectuals, who actively opposed old traditions and were willing to accept new things. However, while studying in Ningxiang, Liu Shaoqi was influenced by revolutionary ideas and participated in the struggle against Yuan Shikai's claim to the throne, so Liu Shaoqi quickly integrated into the city.
After the summer vacation, Liu Shaoqi directly inserted himself into the second grade of Ningxiang Provincial Middle School with excellent results. The station of Ningxiang Provincial Middle School is called Wanglu Garden, located in Jianxiang Middle Road, Changsha City, which is a simple bungalow. The terrain here is higher, and it is far away from the Yuelu Mountain in Hexi, so it is called Wanglu Garden. In the Qing Dynasty, it was a ningxiang trial hall, and later changed to a ningxiang provincial middle school.
This place used to be the pride of all Ningxiang people, and in the old days, Ningxiang readers all directly or indirectly polluted their grace. From 1926 to 1927, Mao Zedong stayed here during his inspection of the peasant movement in Hunan.
When Liu Shaoqi arrived in Changsha, China was in a period of great change, and a revolutionary storm was brewing. Revolutionary intellectuals in Changsha schools were devoted to spreading new ideas, while revolutionaries in society organized struggles against warlord rule. This situation no longer allows a progressive young man to devote himself to books.
At this time, Liu Shaoqi had entered the heroic youth era, and the spirit of Shang Wu had reached the extreme. He admired Su Wu of the Western Han Dynasty and Ban Chao of the Eastern Han Dynasty, admired Yue Fei's spirit of loyalty to the country, and decided to devote himself to the country and promise the country by example. In the autumn of that year, Liu Shaoqi left Wanglu Garden and applied for the Changsha Army Lecture Hall, which was originally founded by Tan Yanmin, and was admitted as the first place. Prior to this, Liu Shaoqi still used the name of "Liu Weihuang", and in order to "establish Qizhi", he changed his name to Liu Shaoqi. Thus, from then on, the name "Liu Shaoqi" gradually entered the cause of the Chinese revolution and into the vision of the people.
Just when Liu Shaoqi was full of ambition, he suddenly received a letter from his brother in the family, saying that his mother was seriously ill. Liu Shaoqi has always honored his mother, immediately dropped everything, and hurried home. But when I returned home, I saw that my mother was in good health and did not have any disease. After asking, I learned that the family was afraid that he would "make trouble" outside and wanted him to get married as soon as possible to tie his heart. So his mother took the initiative and let him marry a girl from a neighboring village surnamed Zhou. Liu Shaoqi was very angry about this practice at home. But forced by his mother's orders, and the family had already done everything for him to get married, he had to "worship the church" with a girl surnamed Zhou. After the "chapel", Liu Shaoqi returned to Changsha the next day. Later, Liu Shaoqi repeatedly sent letters to his family, saying that he could not tolerate this marriage.
The Changsha Army Lecture Hall did not open until the spring of the following year, and In addition to military training, Liu Shaoqi also studied geometry, algebra, geography, physics, chemistry and other courses. At the same time, he actively participated in the activities of all walks of life in Hunan to pay tribute to Huang Xing and Cai Yi, and copied some of the links to express his reverence for Huang xing and Cai.
However, the good times of learning both martial arts and literature in this way were not long. Half a year later, the Protector Army led by Sun Yat-sen advanced from south to north and reached Changsha. In the war, the Lecture Hall was seriously damaged, and Liu Shaoqi had to return to his hometown to accumulate energy, immerse himself in reviewing his homework at home, and prepare to apply for the university. In this year, he reviewed and self-taught all the courses of the middle school and part of the university curriculum, and also read historical books such as the "Imperial Approval Supplement yuan fan gangjian" and the "imperial compilation zizhi tongjian outline".
From the end of 1918 to the beginning of 1919, on the eve of the outbreak of the "May Fourth Movement", Liu Shaoqi went out of the countryside to Changsha and threw himself into the torrent of the Chinese revolution.
C From Moscow back to Changsha Qingshui Pond,
Liu Shaoqi and Mao Zedong shook hands warmly like fire when they first met
Standing in front of the Qingshui Pond, the pavilions of the building and the flying green of the jingshe shine together. Not far away, there is a noisy city of cars and horses, pedestrians like waves, such as the Lin Building. Seeing this scene, who would have thought that just 90 years ago, the Qingshui Pond outside the Xiaowu Gate in Changsha was still a large green vegetable garden and meadow?
However, this is fascinating history. At that time, at the edge of the clear water pond, a tall and handsome young man could often be seen pacing and meditating on the side of the pond while smoking a cigarette. From time to time, he walked to the green vegetable patch and washed his face with his hands from the small but clear pond, which was quiet and elegant, hence the name of the pond. He sometimes stopped to look at the water of the mighty Xiang River and the Yuelu Mountain of Zhong Lingyuxiu... This young man was Mao Zedong.
In October 1921, the hunan branch of the communist party of China, the earliest provincial branch of the communist party, was proclaimed. In order to facilitate thinking and work, the branch secretary Mao Zedong and his wife Yang Kaihui's family rented a small green brick bungalow by Qingshuitang. This house is also the secret office of the Hunan branch of the Communist Party of China, and in May 1922, the Xiang District Committee of the Communist Party of China was established here, with Mao Zedong as secretary, and the house became the office of the district party committee. Mao Zedong lived in the house in Qingshuitang for a year and a half, while Yang Kaihui lived with his children until May 1924.
In late July 1922, in a house near Chengdu Road in the British Concession of Shanghai, two people were talking: Chen Duxiu, chairman of the Central Executive Committee and general secretary of the Politburo, and Liu Shaoqi, who had just returned from his studies at the Eastern University in Moscow. After the conversation, Liu Shaoqi, who was less than 24 years old, happily accepted Chen Duxiu's dispatch and came to his hometown of Hunan to work.
It was Already August from Shanghai to Changsha, and Liu Shaoqi did not care about the fatigue of the boat and the hot weather, so he went straight to Qingshuitang to find the joint of the Xiang District Committee of the COMMUNIST Party of China. In this small bungalow in Qingshuitang, Changsha, Mao Zedong and Liu Shaoqi met. Before that, Liu Shaoqi had heard of Mao Zedong's name for a long time, and although he had not met, he had been friends for a long time. At the same time, Mao Zedong had already heard of Liu Shaoqi's name and general situation, and when they each experienced a difficult road of exploration, they invariably walked under the banner of "revolution", and two pairs of enthusiastic hands clasped tightly together.
It was a historic meeting and handshake! Since then, the two revolutionaries have begun to work together for decades and have jointly made great contributions to the cause of the Chinese revolution.
During the meeting, Liu Shaoqi handed over to Mao Zedong the documents of the Second CPC National Congress that Chen Duxiu had given to Mao Zedong in the name of General Secretary before his departure, and reported on the convening of the Second CPC Congress. Although it was the first time they met, it was as if old friends were reunited, and the two also talked about their past experiences, and Mao Zedong was very interested in Liu Shaoqi joining the CCP there when he ran to the Soviet Union. After several days of long-term talks throughout the night, the friendship between the two became deeper and deeper, and the revolutionary will lasted for a long time.
At that time, He Baozhen entered the Hunan Self-Study University Cram School founded by the Xiang District Executive Committee of the CPC and lived in the home of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui in Qingshuitang, Changsha, the organ of the Xiang District Committee of the CPC. Mao Zedong and his wife intended to "act as a matchmaker" to introduce He Baozhen to Liu Shaoqi as a husband and wife.
After that, Liu Shaoqi began to work in Hunan, and after the establishment of the Hunan Federation of Public Leagues, Liu Shaoqi, Li Lisan, Xia Minghan and others served as officials. On September 5, 1922, Liu Shaoqi, together with Li Lisan and Yi Lirong, attended the inaugural meeting of the Changsha Civil Engineering Trade Union and made an important speech at the meeting. In the autumn of that year, when the Guangdong-Han railway workers' strike was in full swing and Liu Shaoqi was busy on the front line, Mao Zedong, in his capacity as secretary of the Xiang District Committee of the Communist Party of China, asked Liu Shaoqi to perform a more important task: to guide the Anyuan Road miners' strike movement!
Liu Shaoqi has always had fond memories of his acquaintance and friendship with Mao Zedong in Qingshuitang. Thirty years later, in 1952, when Liu Shaoqi, then the first vice chairman of the CPC Central Committee and the first vice chairman of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China, returned to Changsha for the first time after the founding of New China, he and his wife Wang Guangmei went to visit Qingshuitang, where they first met and shook hands with Mao Zedong.
More than 90 years have passed, and it is like a moment. Lingering on the edge of the clear water pond, even if part of the scenery of the past is no longer there, looking back at the past, the moving scene of two pairs of strong and powerful hands holding each other tightly often flashes in people's minds...