Chile: Located in southwestern South America, in the western foothills of the Andes Mountains, latitudes between 18 and 57 degrees south latitude and longitude between 81.5 degrees and 68.5 degrees west longitude
Chile is located in a narrow area to the west, and chile's climate is characterized by diversification, with a sleek northern terrain that shows dry characteristics. The south is closer to the Antarctic-like climate, with temperatures below zero in many areas. In the middle of this narrow strip, it has a warm climate and fertile valley topography, and most of the country's wineries choose to start their winemaking business here.
Chile has a climate of warmth and dryness in summer and cool and rainy winters, which is what grapes love. Chile is a very narrow country, with 4,500 km long from the Atacama Desert in the north to the glaciers in the south, but the average east-west is only 150 km long and wide, flanked by the year-round snow and snow. The flow through Chilean Humboldt has a great regulatory effect on the climate. In the season when the grapes are growing, the day is sunny and the temperature drops dramatically at night The article comes from the China Red Wine Network, and the huge temperature difference between day and night just allows the grapes to produce fresh taste and freshness. Deep colours, ripeness and high substances are exactly what red wines need.
Chile can be divided into three regions according to climate: the north is one of the driest producing regions in the world, mostly mountains and deserts. The central part of Chile concentrates most of Chile's wine regions, which belong to the Mediterranean climate, with rainfall mostly concentrated in winter, drought from late spring to late autumn, large temperature differences between day and night, daytime temperatures can reach 30 to 40 degrees in the hot season, and nighttime temperatures along the river can drop to 10 to 18 degrees. Rainfall is abundant in the south, with lower average temperatures and shorter light lengths.
Chile now has 118,000 hectares of plantations, with nearly 50 different varieties grown in Chilean vineyards. 75% are red grapes and 25% are white grapes.
Now the most planted are internationally renowned varieties, mainly including:
Red grapes (88,703 hectares)
Cabernet Sauvignon (40,766 hectares). The largest area under cultivation and is ideal for most of Chile's warm valleys, such as the Maipo and Colchagua valleys; The wine is brewed with a strong fruity aroma and is supple.
Merlot (13,283 hectares)
Carmenere (7,284 hectares), which began to be valued in 1994, was previously mistaken for Merlot, and before 1850 was one of bordeaux's classic varieties, which was almost completely destroyed after its outbreak. If fully mature, The Carmena can get wines with supple tannins and low acidity, and in addition to making single-variety wines, there are also many blends of Carmena and Bordeaux varieties.
Syrah (3,513 hectares)
Pinot Noir (1,413 hectares)
White grapes (28,856 hectares)
Sauvignon Blanc (8,862 hectares) Chilean Sauvignon Blanc style has changed a lot in recent years, with plenty of quality kicking dogs. Chile began to use high-quality clones to produce fresh and world-sought-after Sauvignon Blanc wines, famous in the regions of Casablanca and Leyda in the Lida Valley.
Chardonnay (8,733 hectares), which began to grow more in cooler climates, includes Casablanca and the Limari appellation at the northern tip of Chile. Many winemakers began to reduce the use of wooden barrels, or even not barrels, to produce Chardonnay wines with rich tropical fruit flavors and mineral aromas.
Viognier (309 hectares)
Riesling (305 hectares)
Chile's wine regions can be roughly divided into coastal areas, and areas and regions between coastal mountains.
· The Elchi Valley is home to a large number of musk grapes, the legendary distilled liquor of Chile's PISCO
· The snow waters of the Andes mountains of the Limari Valley converge here to form the Limari River, which also creates a lake called NORTE here, where ninety percent of the red grapes are. The hottest appellation, the most syrah.
· Located at the narrowest point in Chile, where the Andes and Coastal Mountains are connected to no winery, the Parpa Valley is limited to the cultivation of high-quality Syrah and Cabernet Sauvignon wine grapes, which are prized for their high acidity and low pH.
· Valle de Aconcagua [3] This valley is close to the mountains of Argentina and is one of the highest in Chile. The red grapes are deep in colour and excellent in tannins.
· The coldest appellation in the Casablanca Valley is the only region where more white grapes are grown than red grapes, Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay. This appellation is located in Chile's main port city
· The San Antonio Valley is a relatively small appellation, close to the sea.
· The oldest wine-growing region in the Maibo Valley, a transverse valley that produces the best Cabernet Sauvignon in Chile. It is also the most expensive and high-quality wine producer.
· Cabernet Sauvignon in the Cachabu Valley has rounded tannins, and the kamani is also of high quality, making a full-bodied wine
The white grapes of the Kurico Valley have a good acidity, especially Sauvignon Blanc.
· Chile's largest region in the Molai Valley, where cheap wines are mainly brewed.
· Itata Valley
· Biobio Valley
· The Maleco Valley is now the southernmost appellation of Chile, Chardonnay and the experimental Pinot Noir
Chile's wine grading system, also known as the System of Appellation of Origin (D.O.)
Varietal: The label only lists the name of the grape variety, which is generally a more basic wine.
Reserva: A collection of wines, which are ripe in oak barrels
Gran Reserva: Not only is it aged in oak barrels, it also has better quality and storage potential, which is available in many wineries. The quality and flavor of the wine are richer and more high-quality than the varieties of wine.
Family Collection (Reserva de Familia): Basically labels the best wines in the winery. There may also be other similar patterns to express.
Premium: The quantity is limited, the winery will not produce Premium without grapes that meet the standard, and the second difference between Reserva De Familia and Premium is that the wine is stored in oak barrels for different times, and under normal circumstances, the Premium series of wines is stored in new French oak barrels for more than 18 months.
In addition, Chilean regulations stipulate:
If the grape variety is marked on the wine label, the content of the grape variety is at least not less than 75%;
If the wine is labeled with a vintage, at least 75% of the grapes in the wine must come from that vintage;
If the wine is labeled with a place of origin, at least 75% of the grapes for the wine come from that region.
The production areas from north to south are divided as follows:
Wine region
· Ayrchi Valley
· Limari Valley
· Cliff Valley
Wine region
· Aconcagua Valley
· Casablanca Valley
· San Antonio Valley
Wine region
· Mt. Ushiba
· Cachabu Valley
· Kurico Valley
· Molay Valley
Southern wine region
· Itata Valley
· Biobio Valley
· Maleco Valley
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