"He Jia Village", I believe that many people hear this name, will think that it is just an ordinary village. Don't be fooled by this unpretentious name!
Hejia Village was the Xinghua Fang of Chang'an City in the Tang Dynasty, near the Imperial City, and was a prime location for royal nobles and dignitaries to live at that time.
On October 5, 1970, an infrastructure construction site in Hejia Village, the southern suburbs of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, was under construction, digging the foundation to a depth of about 0.8 meters, a migrant worker's shovel suddenly touched a hard object, opened the soil layer to see, it turned out to be a pottery urn, at first everyone did not care, after all, this is "underground cultural relics" of Xi'an!
The future I want is to see a sense of security
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The more you read, the more you will not break the embankment in your heart
The more you read, the more you will not break the embankment in your heart
▲ A pottery urn found in Hejia Village
But when they opened the urn, everyone was stunned, and it was filled with gold cups and silver bowls, and not far from the urn, there was a silver jar, which was also full of gold and silverware.
A second clay urn was excavated, the same size as the first, and was also filled with gold and silver artifacts, including an agate cup with a gold-encrusted animal head.
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▲ Agate cup with gold beast head
According to statistics, more than 1,000 cultural relics have been unearthed in the Tang Dynasty cellars of Hejiacun, including 271 gold and silver utensils, 8 silver collars, 22 silver cakes, 60 silver plates, 466 gold, silver and copper coins, 3 agate ware, 1 glass ware, 1 crystal ware, 10 jade belts, 1 pair of jade arm rings, 13 gold jewelry, and gold leaf, jade, gemstones, etc. Among them, there are 3 pieces of cultural relics that have been designated as national treasures, and dozens of cultural relics that have been designated as national first-class cultural relics.
Such a magical village, such a heavy discovery, it is really shocking. Hejia Village was also awarded the title of "the most cattle village in the history of cultural relics"!
▲ "He Jia Village Cellar" out of the land
The joke in the jianghu is: "A Hejia village, you can buy half of Hong Kong!" ”
As one of the "Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries in China in the 20th Century", the treasures found in Hejiacun Archaeology are worth 38.3 million yuan in gold, silver and jade belts alone. According to experts, it is equivalent to the rent paid by 150,000 men to the Tang Government for one year.
These priceless artifacts have been quiet for nearly 30 years since they were unearthed in this magical village in 1970, basically hidden in a high cabinet and secret.
Until 2004, with the approval of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the cellar collection of Hejia Village was finally collectively exhibited at Peking University.
▲Red gold dragon walking
Among the excavated cultural relics, the huge number of gold and silver artifacts is obviously the most eye-catching. After actual measurements, the total weight of gold ware stored in the Tang Dynasty in Hejiacun reached 298 taels, the total weight of silverware was more than 3700 taels, plus ten pairs of jade belts, and their total value was equivalent to about 900 to 1000 taels of gold and 38.3 million copper coins in the Tang Dynasty.
▲Filigree dough pattern gold cup
Since ancient times, gold and silver have been regarded as a symbol of wealth, and the most mature and prosperous period of gold and silverware making was in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, the court gold and silverware mainly came from the central gold and silver workshop.
It is different from ordinary workshops, in order to do a good job, regardless of the cost. Of course, such luxurious gold utensils are not available to everyone, and the Tang Dynasty stipulates that officials below the three pins are not allowed to use gold and silver as food utensils, which actually gives the connotation of social hierarchy of gold and silver ware.
▲ Mandarin duck lotus petal pattern gold bowl (national treasure level), not allowed to go abroad for exhibition, this is the most gorgeous work found so far in the Tang Dynasty gold and silverware, commonly known as the first bowl of the Tang Dynasty!
In addition, the Hejiacun gold and silverware gives us an intuitive and in-depth understanding of the metal smelting, mechanical design, processing, welding, and precious metal production of the Tang Dynasty.
In that era, cutting, polishing, welding, riveting, plating and other processes have been commonly used; welding has been large welding small welding, filigree welding, skilled; in the plates, boxes, bowls and other utensils, there are obvious traces of cutting processing, starting and falling knife points are significant, knife edge beating is also visible.
▲ Gilded parrot pattern tiliang silver jar (national treasure level), not allowed to go abroad for exhibition, when the excavation of the tank still has half a tank of water, floating on the water is a very thin gold leaf, on which stand twelve delicate and slender red gold dragons.
▲Red gold dragon walking
I have to say that the Hejia Village Cellar represents the highest level of gold and silverware production in the Tang Dynasty, which makes us admire the wisdom of ancient craftsmen at the same time, but also lament the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty!
▲ Gilded cranberry flower bird pattern tall silver cup
In the past, people could only borrow the romantic descriptions of the literati and inkers to appreciate the style of the Tang Dynasty. As the capital of the Tang Dynasty, Xi'an can see very limited physical objects of the Tang Dynasty, and most of them are funerary products excavated from the mausoleum, and there are very few things on the ground.
▲ Golden comb back
The discovery of the relics of He Jia Village is like unveiling the veil of a beautiful bride, her beautiful charm is breathtaking, exquisitely carved gold and silver, white and warm jade, exotic Silk Road boutique...
Presenting a world of ups and downs and unpredictable changes, people truly feel the vigorous vitality of the Tang Dynasty.
▲Trick music pattern eight-edged gold cup
Next, without further ado, above, a feast for your eyes!
▲Silver gilded gold ball pattern box
▲Silver gilt flying deer pattern box
▲Dragon pattern silver bowl
▲Silver gilt double fox pattern double peach plate
▲ Silver gilt flying lian pattern six-curved plate
▲ Silver gilt phoenix pattern six-curved plate
▲ Silver gilded double lion pattern bowl
▲ Silver gilt sea beast pattern bowl
▲Engraved golden bell
▲ Song and dance hunting eight-petal silver belt handle cup
▲ Gilded cranberry pattern silver feather
▲ Gilded double lion pattern silver bowl
▲Gilded pisces silver bowl
▲Capricorn pattern gold cup
▲Gilded pomegranate pattern silver box
▲ Gilded double goose pattern silver box
▲Gilded flying lion treasure phase pattern silver box
▲Gilded dough pattern silver box
▲Plain noodle "bright purple sand" silver box
▲Plain gold box
▲Plain noodle gold pot
▲Plain face gold cholepson
![Construction site construction, excavated thousands of Tang Dynasty cultural relics, why experts call it "Tang Relics"[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)