Today, April 24, 2022, this is the seventh "China Space Day" since 2016, and this year's theme is "Spacelights Dreams".
"In 2022, we will usher in six exciting launches in the construction phase of the space station, China will launch two space station experimental modules of Wentian and Mengtian, two manned spacecraft of Shenzhou 14 and Shenzhou 15, two cargo spacecraft of Tianzhou 4 and Tianzhou 5, and will also realize 6 Chinese astronauts in orbit at the same time for the first time." In the cloud group class, the keynote speaker Fan Ping, senior engineer of shanghai aerospace systems engineering research institute and chief designer of China's space station model, told the middle school students in the virtual cloud class of Shanghai Gezhi Middle School.
On the same day, this "ideal is higher than the sky, youth dreams set sail" - carry forward the spirit of aerospace theme ideological and political class (war epidemic cloud group class), through the "UP! Nearly 70,000 students from all over the city, middle school and primary school in Shanghai gathered in the cloud, and even some students watched on the small screen in the cabin hospital to learn the first lesson of "Listening to the General Secretary Talk about "Aerospace Dream" - Approaching "Shenzhou 13"" together.
【From "scanning code to receive goods" to family members private chat three people at home with peace of mind】
From the "unmanned flight" in 1999, to the "one person and one day" in 2003, and then to the "multi-person half a year" in 2022, Chinese astronauts have continued to write the flying dream of Chinese thousands of years with enthusiasm, youth and dedication. In fact, in Fan Ping's view, astronauts rush to the unknown, always facing the challenge of life and death, but always show a calm smile and calm wave to us.
At present, the epidemic control and control "stay at home" and "stay up the building", and astronauts have been out of the capsule twice in half a year on a business trip to the space station - how can they be at home for a long time? For example, the space station is equipped with a complete set of life support systems, one of which is the air purification system, which can keep the air inside the space station circulating, carbon dioxide and other harmful gases are filtered out, and fresh oxygen is replenished. In addition, the water resources in the space station are very precious, and if the astronauts rely on ground transportation for domestic water, the cost is very high, so the recycling of water resources, including the collection of urine, is particularly important.
Of course, the God Thirteen multiplier also has a smart home life in space. The "mobile Wi-Fi" and "scan code to receive goods" in the space station make the convenience of the ground also land in space. Fan Ping revealed that the handheld terminal equipped with each astronaut can personalize the lighting in the cabin, and there are a variety of modes to choose from, which can help adjust the mood of astronauts and avoid discomfort caused by being in a monotonous environment for a long time. At the same time, the aerospace engineer also reserved a private voice channel for astronauts, where astronauts can chat privately with their families.
Ji Liuyu, a student from the School of English of Shanghai Overseas Chinese University, is the secretary of the temporary regiment branch of the campus war "epidemic", and organized the students sealed in the dormitory building to watch this theme ideological and political lesson together. She said that this class allowed the students in the school to also "have a huge heart and a vast mind, and listen to the thunder in the silent place", adding a deep "space blue" to the tense and hurried quasi-closed learning life. She is about to go to Inner Mongolia for a year to teach secretly, so that children in remote areas can also feel the great spirit of spaceflight.
【Osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, vascular damage are not afraid】
In the matter of "eating", there is a two-way understanding between aerospace engineers and astronauts. On the one hand, astronauts should eat safely, be safe for their own bodies, be safe for instruments and equipment, and focus on the overall engineering situation, and personal tastes are often the last consideration. And when astronauts give up their personal tastes, aerospace engineers hope that they can eat the "taste of hometown". Fan Ping told the students that the food list of the three astronauts of Shenzhou 13 has reached more than 120 kinds, and it is not repeated every week to meet individual needs.
Some students asked: Can eating space meals strengthen the body? Fan Ping explained that students should have heard that "going to space will grow taller", but that is not a good thing, the space environment is like an accelerated aging device, the bone loss rate of astronauts is about 40 times that of the earth, and the cost of "growing tall" is osteoporosis.
At the same time, "getting rid of gravity" is facing muscle atrophy. In the weightless environment, the astronaut's bodily fluids will "collect" on the upper body, and the astronaut's face will be obviously swollen. "This is only a small thing, and the ensuing damage to the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system is the big boss." Therefore, professional aerospace nutrition and food research ensures that astronauts consume adequate vitamin D and calcium, phosphorus, potassium and sodium, which helps to supplement calcium and maintain the cardiovascular system.
Zhao Zeyang, a senior majoring in aerospace engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, said online: "As a loyal fan of aerospace, I pay attention to every mission of Shen Thirteen. When watching the group class, I thought about the knowledge I learned in many classes, from the Sabbatir reaction of life support to the impact of microgravity on astronauts, and I was more clear about the knowledge points that I did not understand in the original class. ”
Sheng Xiaohan, a student at Gezhi Middle School, said after class that through course study, he realized that the space that he used to think was mysterious and beautiful was actually full of various dangers. "Behind the three astronauts' unsafe food and clothing, complete experimental equipment, and low-risk life, Chinese astronauts work together to overcome difficulties in a meticulous manner, and it is the unremitting struggle of everyone."
【Core cabin solar wing can be dismantled and transferred in orbital wings】
In the 183 days on orbit, the Shen Thirteen multiplier group unlocked a number of firsts: the first implementation of radial rendezvous docking, the first time to break the orbital flight record, the first time to perform emergency rescue launch standby mission, the first time to use the space station robotic arm to operate a large orbital vehicle for transposition test, the astronauts for the first time in orbit to carry out hand-controlled remote operation tests, female astronauts also have a number of "firsts", the first time to implement a rapid return process, complete a number of space science experiments, and carry out a series of science popularization and education activities.
Many firsts laid a solid foundation for the subsequent high-frequency space station construction tasks. For example, the thickness of the solar cell wing of the Tianhe core cabin is only the thickness of a book, and the volume after collapse is about the size of a car; and the unfolding area is 67 square meters, which is equivalent to 6 cars parked side by side. It has a special function - the entire wing can be removed and transferred on the rail. Considering that after the completion of the subsequent space station, the core module solar cell wing is blocked, thus affecting the power generation, so the two solar cell wings can be cooperated by astronauts and robotic arms to achieve extravehicular disassembly, transfer, installed on the tail truss of the experimental module for subsequent launches, and re-assemble the power supply channel in orbit, which is also known as the "on-orbit energy expansion function".
Fan Ping said that throughout the history of human manned spaceflight, similar extravehicular operations have no successful precedents, which can be said to be a world-class problem. After the solar wing transfer is completed, it can be re-deployed autonomously, and even in the event of unexpected circumstances, it can be manually deployed by the astronaut. The Chinese space station has also improved the power supply design of the past space station, and innovatively used two-way power supply technology, so that the various modules can provide power to each other, ensuring the orbital operation of the space station.
"Shenzhou lit up, the sky was blue, thirteen strokes broke through the long sky; the wind was flourishing, the ground was red, and the three people returned to the land satisfactorily." Yao Xinjun, secretary of the class league branch of Gezhi Middle School, expressed his blessings and praise for Shenzhou with a pair. The Jiefang Daily Shangguan News reporter learned that the series of courses was guided by the Municipal Education and Health Work Party Committee, the Municipal Education Commission, the Youth League Municipal Committee, and the Municipal Federation of Students, and sponsored by the Shanghai Municipal League School and the Shanghai Aerospace Systems Engineering Research Institute. Fan Ping sent a message to the young people of Shanghai to take red patriotism as the gene and the blue space dream as the ideal, to explore a broader sea of stars, "the trend of ambition, no far away, poor mountains and seas, can not be limited." ”