Spring is shining
A hundred flowers bloom and willows flutter
Qingming holiday just passed
Your circle of friends is not full of green and flower-viewing screens
Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine
But a bunch of "little poor people" poured in.
Their noses and eyes are itchy
Sneezing
Breathing is all through one mouth
The head tormented by nasal congestion is groggy
More "cups" are
A lot of people seem to have "just cried"
The "triangle" of the face was red and swollen by a tissue
That's right
The high incidence of allergic rhinitis is here again!
When I was a child, everyone should have seen Ma Ji's cross-talk "Five Senses Fighting for Merit"
Nose complains that he has been treated unfairly
Everyone can rest, only their own 24-hour work
April 9 is National Nose Love Day
This year's theme is
"Care for children's nasal cavity, guard the health of the airway"
How to get through it safely
High incidence of "allergic rhinitis"?
Put away the following "clearance" strategy
"Big belly" pregnant mother nose "useless"
"Doctors, sneezing wildly, snot like a faucet, a pack of tissues a day is not enough..." In the past two days, patients with allergic rhinitis due to pollen, willow and other stimuli have filled the waiting area of the ENT outpatient clinics of the three major hospitals of Zhejiang University.
Once into the "rhinitis" as deep as the sea, since then health is a passerby. Xiao Wu (pseudonym), a 29-year-old hangzhou native, walked into the clinic with a big belly, a handful of snot and a handful of tears and said to the doctor: "Doctors quickly save me, since March, my nose has not been ventilated for a day, you see I am talking now all nasal sounds." Rhinitis this problem I have always had, before taking some anti-allergic drugs on the fine, now I am pregnant, no hospital doctor dares to prescribe medicine for me, but I am too uncomfortable, every day can only breathe with the mouth, what should I do? Xiao Wu said that after returning from a walk in Xixi Wetland on the day of the Qingming Festival, she slept with her nose blocked at night, and she could only sleep with her mouth open, and what she shed was not a sad tear, but her eyes would follow the tears after the nose itched, so that it was like crying!
The outpatient specialist patiently examined Xiao Wu's nasal cavity and found that her lower turbinate was very obviously swollen, and the nasal cavity had been completely blocked, and there was a snot like clear water flowing out unceasingly. However, since she is now pregnant, she can only temporarily relieve the discomfort by washing her nasal cavity.
In the First Hospital of Zhejiang University, patient groups like Xiao Wu have surprisingly consistent symptoms: nasal congestion, continuous sneezing, nasal itching, runny nose, and at the same time, there will be itchy eyes and tears, and a large number of patients will be aggravated in the spring.
"There are also some patients who come to the clinic who will think that they are cold, but after using cold medicine, it does not work, which is actually not right." Chen Haihong, deputy director of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the First Hospital of Zhejiang University, introduced that allergic rhinitis, also known as allergic rhinitis, has many similar symptoms to colds, such as sneezing, runny nose, but it is different from colds: First, cold symptoms will be alleviated for a week or so, but allergic rhinitis may last for 2 weeks or more, and most of them will not heal themselves; secondly, colds are often accompanied by cough and fever, and muscle pain will also be felt, but allergic rhinitis usually does not have such symptoms; finally, cold runny nose, at the beginning is mostly watery, Later, it may be a yellow viscous pus, while allergic rhinitis will continue to flow a large amount of clear water nasal discharge, sometimes dripping from the nostrils.
What is more frightening is that if allergic rhinitis is not treated in time, it may also develop into bronchial asthma, allergic laryngitis, secretory otitis media, sleep breathing disorder syndrome and other diseases.
"How do I know I have allergic rhinitis"
So is allergic rhinitis and the "rhinitis" mentioned in the mouths of ordinary people the same thing?
Allergic rhinitis is a noninfectious chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa mediated primarily by immunoglobulin E after exposure of an atopic individual to an allergen. The biggest difference between it and other rhinoids is that it is triggered by substances present in the air or in food. In recent years, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in the mainland is about 9.6 to 23%, and there is a gradual upward trend.
The continent is vast, the terrain, environment and climatic conditions in different regions are diverse, the regional differences of allergens are significant, dust mites have the highest sensitization rate in the south, and mugwort, ragweed and dandelion are the most common allergens in the northwest. With the gradual increase in the number of pets raised in the city in recent years, dog hair and cat hair have also become important allergens that cause allergic rhinitis.
Chief Physician Cheng Kejia of the Department of Otolaryngology introduced:
Allergic rhinitis has more typical symptoms and special detection methods.
1. Typical symptoms: paroxysmal sneezing, watery nose, nasal itching and nasal congestion, which may be accompanied by eye symptoms, including itchy eyes, lacrimation, redness and burning sensations;
2. Test method: In the hospital, allergen testing can be used to determine which substance is an allergic reaction.
How to treat allergic rhinitis
Unfortunately, allergic rhinitis is currently incurable
But it still needs to be treated through standardization
Improve quality of life and prevent serious complications
(Don't listen to any cure-around recipes)
Severity of allergies, allergens, etc
It varies from person to person and varies greatly
therefore
Personalized treatment plans are very important
The Department of Otolaryngology of the First Hospital of Zhejiang University has rich experience in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. At present, the Department of Otolaryngology advocates the principle of "five-in-one, combination of prevention and treatment" including environmental control, drug therapy, immunotherapy, health education and surgical intervention if necessary.
The main common treatments for allergic rhinitis are:
(1) Avoid contact with allergens
Allergic to willow pollen, reduce going out and opening windows in the season, wear masks and goggles when going out, clean the skin and clothes in time after returning home; if you are allergic to dust mites, do more home cleaning, stay away from pets, adhere to sunlight (or ultraviolet rays) exposure, iron bedding at high temperatures, clean the air conditioning filter core in time, adhere to salt water to wash the nose, etc., isolate the source of allergic reactions.
(2) Medication (symptomatic treatment)
When clinical symptoms arise because they cannot completely avoid contact with allergens, drug treatment is the "life-saving straw" that helps patients improve their quality of life.
"Some patients stopped the drug after taking the drug, and the rhinitis improved significantly; after a while, the rhinitis came back." In the process of medical treatment, the doctor's biggest concern is that the patient stops the drug without authorization. Experts have repeatedly emphasized that the current nasal spray hormone is one of the important means of treating allergic rhinitis, refusing to take drugs or as long as the symptoms are improved, it is easy to stop the drug, which can easily lead to repeated attacks of allergic rhinitis. The treatment of allergic rhinitis is a protracted battle that requires joint management by doctors and patients, and only regular medication can achieve good control.
(3) Immunotherapy (for cause therapy)
Immunotherapy is also called "desensitization therapy", in layman's terms, it is through sublingual or subcutaneous injection, the allergen is introduced into the body of the allergen little by little, so that the body of the allergy patient can gradually adapt to the allergen.
merit:
1. High security;
2. Mild side effects;
3. Easy to operate.
shortcoming:
The treatment cycle is long, the total course of treatment is at least 3 to 5 years, and there are not many patients who can really stick to the end. Children and adults over 5 years of age can only unfold, and the patient's allergen must be clear and preferably single, mainly for allergic rhinitis caused by dust mites.
(4) Surgical treatment
Surgery may be considered in some patients who are reluctant to undergo prolonged medication or desensitization, or who do not respond well, or who require nasal endoscopic surgery for other comorbidities. It mainly includes nasal septal deviation correction, subnastrial turbinate reduction to widen the effective airway of the nasal cavity, highly selective retronasal nerve amputation or pterynoid nerve amputation to reduce nasal sensitivity, but only conventional treatment is ineffective and very affecting the quality of life, or if there are significant anatomical variations in the nasal cavity, surgery is recommended. Surgery is only an adjunctive treatment for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, whether to perform surgery, to find a professional doctor in a regular hospital for full evaluation.
Experts once again emphasize that if allergic rhinitis is not treated in a standardized manner, the nasal cavity will be in a state of edema for a long time, in addition to the above symptoms will affect life, study and work, may be complicated by chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, secretions of otitis and other diseases, and may even induce serious asthma. We cannot cure allergic rhinitis, but we still need to further prevent serious complications while improving the quality of life through standardized treatment.
This article is the original of the First Hospital of Zhejiang University