About your baby's skin problems
Q: How long should my baby's umbilicus be disinfected continuously? What kind of disinfectant should I use?
A: Baby's umbilical cord disinfection starts from birth, and if it falls off normally, it can last until about 1 month of age. There are specialized cord disinfectants available for sale, and medical 75% alcohol can also be used.
Specific method: use a cotton swab dipped in 75% alcohol to spiral from the root of the umbilical cord outward, pay attention to the order, can not be randomly wiped, will bring bacteria to the wound. After wiping it, throw away the swab and take a new swab and rub it again, three times in total.
Q: When bathing, can the umbilical cord touch the water? If not, how do you protect it?
A: Before the baby's umbilical cord falls off, the umbilical cord should try not to touch the water, and you can use the navel waterproof patch to protect it when bathing. When your baby's umbilical cord is off, after each bath and lifting it from the water, use a soft towel or cotton swab to suck the water out of the umbilical cord.
Q: When does your baby's umbilical cord usually fall off? Does it matter if it doesn't fall off for a long time?
A: A few days after the baby is born, the umbilical cord residue begins to dry out and shrink, and it will completely fall off within 2 to 3 weeks. But there are also babies whose umbilical cords take longer to fall off, as long as there is no bleeding, running water and other abnormal conditions do not have to worry. Sisters usually pay attention to the baby's umbilical care and pay attention to keeping the umbilical cord dry.
Q: What are the symptoms of neonatal corditis? Can I handle it at home?
A: Early manifestations of umbilitis are a small amount of mucus or purulent discharge in the umbilicus, redness and swelling around the umbilicus, and severe abscesses, cellulitis, and even sepsis. If your baby suffers from umbilitis, do not deal with it yourself at home, and need to seek medical attention in time.
Q: What kind of baby is susceptible to umbilical hernia?
A: The umbilical hernia is caused by poor umbilical ring closure, and crying will be aggravated, because these conditions will promote an increase in intra-abdominal pressure, resulting in abdominal viscera, especially the small intestine, together with the peritoneum and abdominal wall skin, gradually protruding outward from the umbilicus to form an umbilical hernia. Baby girls are slightly more likely to develop umbilical hernias than baby boys.
Q: Can my baby's umbilical hernia be pushed back with a hard object?
A: No. In fact, most of the baby's umbilical hernia will heal itself within 1 year of age, do not worry too much. In addition, the baby's umbilical hernia, pay special attention to wearing, prepare cotton underwear for the baby, to avoid the clothes and the navel rubbing, and abrasion of the umbilical skin.
Q: Why does a newborn baby molt? Can I take a bath after molting?
A: After the newborn baby leaves the environment filled with amniotic fluid in the womb, the external environment is relatively dry, and the metabolism is faster, and the keratinous layer of the epidermis is easily turned into dead skin and shedding under the impetus of new skin cells.
This is a process of adaptation of the newborn baby to the environment. You can still take a bath after molting, but after washing, apply baby cream or lotion to the baby and pay attention to the moisturization of the skin. If you want to take your baby out, it is best to apply baby moisturizer half an hour in advance.
Q: What kind of ointment can my baby use if I have eczema?
A: The baby has eczema, the sisters must not use the medicine without authorization, they should tell the parents to take the baby to the hospital and follow the doctor's instructions.
However, eczema is a common disease in babies within the age of one year, and usually with age, the immune system is perfected and will improve on its own. When the baby suffers from eczema, keep the baby away from allergens, if the baby is still breastfeeding, let the mother avoid eating seafood food; if the baby has begun to add complementary foods, be careful not to let the baby eat seafood. Wear pure cotton, soft clothing, and be careful not to cover too hot.
Q: Baby red butt, what to do?
A: The baby's red ass, the most important thing is to change the diaper frequently, it is best to change it more than 8 times a day to keep it dry. Especially after the baby has a bowel movement, it is necessary to clean the small ass in time and apply the buttocks cream. When the red ass is serious, you can let the little fart dry in the air every day and bask in the sun.
Q: If your baby's skin is dry, what kind of skin care products should I use? Can olive oil be used?
A: You can try using baby-specific skin care products, and you can also use glycerin with water. However, each baby's skin sensitivity is different, no matter what kind of skin care products are used, you should try it on a small piece of your baby's skin first, and then continue to use it without adverse reactions. Olive oil also has a certain skin care effect, but it is recommended to choose baby-specific olive oil produced by big brands.
Q: How to remove the head scale?
A: After the baby has head scale, you can wash it off by washing your hair. Before shampooing, massage the hair with baby-specific massage oil for a few minutes, and then wash it with baby shampoo.
Q: If a yellow scab appears on your baby's eyebrows, should I remove it?
A: The baby has a yellow scab on the eyebrow, which is a manifestation of eczema. Do not forcibly remove, you can apply some baby oil or baby-specific nourishing glycerin, and when the scab is moistened, it will naturally fall off after slowly softening.
About your baby's sleep problems
Q: How much sleep does your baby need each day for 100 days? What if I don't sleep?
A: Each baby's sleep time is different, roughly 1 month of newborn babies need to sleep 20 to 22 hours a day, 2 months old babies are 18 to 20 hours, 3 months old is 16 to 18 hours. Don't care whether the baby sleeps enough for this time, the baby will naturally sleep when he is sleepy. As long as you wake up in good mental condition and have a good appetite, it is the best witness to adequate sleep.
Q: Do your family need to be light-handed when your baby sleeps?
A: In fact, the baby's sleep habits are mostly cultivated by the caregiver. Therefore, when the baby sleeps, the family does not have to deliberately pursue the quietness of the environment, and the baby should have the ability to adapt to the environment. If the baby can sleep well in a particularly quiet environment from a young age, and if there is a little noise to wake up, it is not conducive to sleep.
Q: How do I get my baby into the habit of sleeping without coaxing from the beginning?
A: From the time your baby is born, don't "coax" him to sleep. You can use a fixed bedtime routine to get him used to, such as taking a hot shower before going to bed, then doing a massage and touch, then changing into clean underwear, covering him with a quilt, and gently humming for him. Let the baby be familiar with such a set of procedures from birth, and over time will form a habit.
Q: How should my baby adjust the day and night upside down?
A: In this case, the sisters can play with the baby more during the day, such as listening to music, taking the baby out for a walk, etc., and consume more of the baby's energy during the day. In the evening, before going to bed, give your baby a hot bath and massage it. After a period of time, the baby's sleep habits can be adjusted back.
Q: Does it matter if a newborn baby makes a strange sound when sleeping?
A: When the newborn baby sleeps, not only will it make some strange sounds, but also make various expressions, frowning and laughing for a while. This is all because the newborn baby's nervous system is not yet perfect, and when it grows up, these phenomena will gradually disappear.
Q: Do you want to close the curtains when your baby sleeps during the day?
A: It is best not to close all the curtains when the newborn baby sleeps during the day, so as to cultivate his awareness of the day. When the baby can distinguish between day and night when he is older, and the sleep situation at night is also better, it does not matter if he closes the curtains during the day
Q: Does your baby wake up frequently at night because he is hungry? Do you have to feed every night when you wake up?
A: There are many reasons why the baby wakes up frequently at night, it may be hungry, cold, hot, or sleep more during the day, day and night are reversed, sisters should learn to understand the baby's crying, find the right reason, and meet the baby's needs in time. If it is really because you are hungry that you wake up frequently at night, you must consider whether you are not eating enough each time.
Baby Cry Analysis:
Breastfeeding or crying or even refusing to eat when eating, it may be a cold and nasal congestion;
hoarseness of crying, possibly laryngitis,
Scratch your ears and scratch your cheeks or shake your head when crying, possibly otitis media;
Crying before each bowel movement, stopping crying after defecation, there may be diarrhea or diseases such as perianal abscesses and fissures. Crying before urination may be caused by inflammation of the urethral orifice, and baby boys may also be caused by excessive foreskin;
Paroxysmal crying, flexion of legs, sweating of the forehead, pale face, desolation of crying, refusal to touch the abdomen of adults, possible intestinal spasms or intussusception;
Sudden screaming crying, accompanied by facial or hand and foot twitches, or fever and squirting vomiting, may cause brain disease.
The baby cries loudly and in an urgent tone, and if he touches the corner of the baby's mouth with his finger, he will immediately stop crying and turn his head to look for his fingers and suck, which means that the baby is hungry
The baby's crying is loud, but the tone is soft, very rhythmic, while the face is rosy, the breathing is normal, and the duration of crying is short, which is generally a way of movement for the baby, which helps the baby's lungs to relax and exercise.
The baby starts to cry quietly, crying and crying stops, if it does not attract the attention and comfort of adults in time, the crying will become louder and louder and gradually become continuous crying, which is generally unwell, such as urine, pulling, clothes do not fit, temperature is hot and cold is not appropriate, bumping, or mosquito bites, etc.
Baby crying is not too loud, uneasy, feel very tired but difficult to sleep, this is generally a sleeping environment is not very good, you can check whether the temperature is appropriate, whether the sound is noisy and so on.
Questions about feeding your baby
Q: When mixed feeding, can I drink formula immediately after breastfeeding?
A: There are two ways of mixed feeding, of which the supplementary method must be to eat breast milk first, and then immediately feed it with formula.
Q: Do exclusively breastfed babies need extra hydration?
A: In principle, babies who are exclusively breastfed for 6 months do not need to drink additional water. However, if the weather is particularly hot, the baby sweats a lot, or there is a fire, you can give the baby extra water.
Q: When do I need to start vitamin D and calcium supplementation?
A: The baby's daily milk amount can be guaranteed to be more than 600ml when there is no need for additional calcium supplementation, but vitamin D is usually started after 15 days of birth. If your baby's daily milk intake is less than 600ml, supplement with some soluble organic calcium agents.
Q: Can a 3-month-old baby drink juice and vegetable soup?
A: Exclusively breastfed babies, within 3 months can not add juice and vegetable soup; artificial feeding or mixed feeding of babies, you can add some in moderation, but because the baby's digestive system development is not very perfect, at the beginning you need to use 1:1 water dilution, slowly reduce the proportion of water, so as not to cause the baby gastrointestinal discomfort.
Q: How can I avoid nipple confusion in my baby?
A: To avoid nipple confusion in the baby, pay special attention to it when you are in the confinement, even if the baby has to temporarily use artificial feeding because of less breast milk or ruptured nipples, you must also insist on not using a bottle within the baby's 1 month of age, you can use a spoon or a feeding cup.
Q: Why does the baby burp? Does it matter if you burp?
A: Because the diaphragm is not fully grown, the baby will burp when it suddenly contracts vigorously, which is a common phenomenon for babies within 3 months of age, and there is no need to worry too much. Try flicking the palm of your baby's foot, feeding your baby some water or breast milk to cope with hiccups. As your baby grows older, frequent hiccups will decrease until they disappear.
Q: How can I prevent my baby from spitting up?
A: Due to the characteristics of the stomach physiology, the baby is easy to spit up, so after each feeding, be sure to hold the baby vertically and pat his back with a hollow palm until the "burp" is played. Moreover, after the baby burps, it is necessary to insist on holding it vertically for another 15 to 20 minutes to prevent the milk from flowing back into the stomach.
Q: What can I do to get a breastfed baby to receive a bottle?
A: You can first let the baby touch the bottle when he plays to increase his familiarity with the bottle; then you can pour some juice that the baby likes to drink in the bottle; the last step is to pour some formula into the bottle.
If your baby is crying and not drinking, check if the pacifier is too hard and try replacing it with a different one. To get your baby to accept the bottle, the most important point is to insist. If your baby is soft when he cries, he will never be able to get his baby to accept the bottle!
About your baby's facial features and facial problems
Q: Newborn babies always have white tongues, can they wipe themselves?
A: The baby's tongue white can not be forcibly removed, you need to give the baby more water, especially after each feeding, feeding one or two spoonfuls of water can play a role in cleaning the mouth. If the baby cries as soon as he drinks milk, it is likely to be thrush, can not be used without authorization, can not forcibly remove white spots, need to follow the doctor's advice.
Q: Does the baby's eye have to be on fire?
A: It may be on fire, or it may be a blocked nasolacrimal tube (that is, when the baby is not crying, it is always tearful and there is a lot of eye droppings). In addition to giving the baby more water to drink, the sisters should also remind the mother to pay attention to the diet, mainly light, avoid too greasy.
If the nasolacrimal duct is blocked, the sisters can help the baby to do a massage: use the thumb or index finger to compress the tear sac, that is, press on the base of the baby's nose and the center of the canthus of the eye, squeezing in the direction of the eye.
Q: What is the problem of nasal congestion in babies? Cold or foreign body in the nose? How to differentiate, how to deal with it?
A: Baby nasal congestion, first consider whether it is caused by nasal feces, there is nasal feces can be cleaned with baby-specific cotton swabs. If the baby has nasal discharge when the nose is congested, and the spirit and appetite are not good, it is likely to be a cold, you need to give the baby more water to drink, and when the symptoms are serious (such as long-term incurable, and even fever symptoms) need to seek medical treatment.
Q: What is the secretion in your baby's ear? Do you want to clean frequently?
A: The secretions flowing out of the baby's ears may be ear droppings, or it may be the residue of amniotic fluid brought out of the mother's body. Every day, you can use a special cotton swab for babies to help clean the lower outer pinna (be careful not to go deep, so as not to hurt the ear canal). If after a period of cleaning, there is still a relatively moist secretion in the ear pinna, and the baby is often mentally and has a poor appetite, it is likely to suffer from otitis media and need to seek medical treatment in time.
Questions about your baby's poop
Q: How many times a day does a healthy baby usually pull?
A: Breastfed newborn babies have 4 to 6 times of stool per day, up to 7 to 8 times a day; artificially fed newborn babies 1 to 3 times a day, 5 to 6 times more often. As your baby grows older, the number of bowel movements per day will gradually decrease. Around the age of 3 months, breastfed babies are given 1 to 3 times a day, artificially fed 1 to 2 times, and sometimes once every other day.
Q: Can I use Kaiselu for my baby's constipation?
A: It is okay to use it occasionally, but do not use it frequently, so as not to form a dependency. Baby constipation, or pay attention to diet. Sisters should remind breastfeeding mothers to drink more water and not to eat spicy, irritating foods. Babies should also drink more water appropriately. Moreover, usually, the sisters can also massage the baby's abdomen clockwise as the center of the baby's navel to promote intestinal peristalsis.
Q: Breastfeeding babies, the stool is very thin, is it diarrhea?
A: No, it's not. It is common for breastfed babies to have thin stools, so don't worry too much. However, if the baby's spirit and appetite are not good, the stool has a peculiar smell, and the number of times is more than usual, it may be diarrhea, and it is necessary to take the baby to the doctor as soon as possible.
Q: What are the characteristics of a healthy baby's poop?
A: Breast milk babies have thin stools, yellow, and occasionally green, mixed with milk flaps. Artificially fed babies have a drier texture of stool than breastfed babies and are similar in color to breast-milk babies. As your baby grows older, the texture of the stool slowly dries out.
Q: Does your baby pull green poop because it doesn't digest?
A: No, it's because bilirubin is oxidized. After the stool is stained with bilirubin, it turns yellow, and when it encounters oxygen in the air, it will be oxidized to biliquilloid. In addition, some formulas have a high iron content, which turns dark green after contact with the air through the digestive tract, so that the baby's stool is discharged green.
Questions about your baby's behavior
Q: Does the baby have to stop eating fingers?
A: No, babies explore the world through their hands and mouth. The baby eating his fingers shows that he has noticed his small hands, which is a major development of hand-eye coordination. But the sisters must pay attention to keeping the baby's small hands clean.
Q: When is it appropriate to give your baby head-up training?
A: After the baby is full moon, you can start consciously carrying out head-up training, but because the curvature of the baby's neck has not yet formed, the exercise time should not be too long. Start exercising for a few seconds at a time, and then slowly extend the time.
Q: Your baby's little hands always scratch your face, do you want to wear gloves for your baby?
A: No, wearing gloves will hinder the development of the baby's hand-eye coordination ability and will also hinder the development of touch. The baby's nails in the confinement are soft and do not need to be cut, but after the confinement, it is necessary to cut the nails of the baby frequently, and you can choose the baby-specific nail clippers. To prevent your baby from hurting your little hand by moving around, you can choose to cut your nails while your baby is asleep.
Other questions about your baby
Q: How old is the baby to hold?
A: It is recommended to hold it vertically after 3 months of age, because before this, the curvature of the baby's neck has not yet formed, in order to avoid injuring the neck, it should be mainly flat. But if the baby must be held upright within the age of 3 months, the sisters can let the baby lean back against their chest, hold the baby's ass with one hand, and put the other hand on the baby's chest. In this way, the baby's spine and neck are dependent and protected.
Q: When does baby jaundice fade? How can jaundice completely fade?
A: Each baby will produce physiological jaundice after birth, generally reaching a peak period of about 7 to 10 days after birth, and then gradually improving. Term about 2 weeks, premature babies about 3 weeks jaundice can fade, generally can refer to the baby's corner of the eye skin, if there is no yellow trace, can be regarded as jaundice faded.
Q: How old is your baby to be in the sun?
A: After the baby is full moon, you can bask in the sun outdoors for a while every day, and gradually extend the time from 5 to 6 minutes. It should be noted that when basking in the sun, do not let the sunlight shine directly into your baby's eyes.
Q: Is a full moon haircut necessary?
A: There is no need. Full moon babies have very delicate scalps that need the protection of their hair. The older generation's statement that "shave your head on the full moon will make your hair darker and denser in the future" actually has no scientific basis. However, if the baby's head scale is very thick, you can give him a haircut within the baby's 3 months of age, but it is not recommended to strip the head, it is best to leave about 5mm of hair at the root of the hair to protect the scalp.
Q: Why does my baby lose weight within 10 days of birth?
A: When the baby is just born, due to the evaporation of a large amount of water from the skin, the fetal stool is also constantly excreted, and the mother's milk secretion is not enough at first, and the baby's sucking power is also weak. At this time, the baby eats less and excretes more, and the weight will naturally not increase, and even lose, but generally will not exceed 10% of the original weight.