An elderly man has had a series of abnormal symptoms in recent years: he said that he saw his deceased relatives, bought vegetables directly into the pot, used the remote control as a phone, often got lost, etc., and even stared at the empty fish tank and laughed, and turned around and sat on the sofa and cried...
At first, his family thought he was old and confused, and they didn't pay much attention to it. Later, these symptoms became more and more serious and frightening, so he was rushed to the hospital for examination.
Doctors say that the old man is not suffering from Alzheimer's disease, but another common geriatric disease. If left unchecked, the elderly's mental health will gradually decline, which can be life-threatening in severe cases.
What happened to this old man? Why is there a strange set of symptoms?
【Experts of this issue】
-1-
"Stealth" stroke
It turned out that the elderly man suffered from a "stealth" stroke - a lesion of small blood vessels in the brain, which is very common in clinical practice, and half of stroke patients fall into this category.
However, due to the small size and special location of the lesion, it is not only difficult for ordinary people to distinguish, but even CT and ordinary MRI may not be able to see the abnormality, and a special MRI is required to find the lesion.
1. Small blood vessels are more likely to rupture than large blood vessels
The blood vessel wall of the large blood vessel is relatively thick, with three layers: the intima, the media, and the adventitia, which are not easy to break or block;
Small blood vessels, on the other hand, have a weak muscular layer and are subjected to pressure similar to that of large blood vessels, so they are more likely to rupture and bleed.
2. Small vessel lesions should not be ignored
Small vessel lesions may cause abnormal function in the corresponding areas of the brain. Like the elderly in this case, it is likely that the small vessel lesion caused the temporal or frontal lobe ischemia, resulting in a series of hallucinations such as being able to see deceased relatives and misidentifying objects.
Selective loss of speech may also occur if small vessel lesions affect the thalamus. A doctor once encountered a case: an old professor in the last period of his life could only speak English and not Chinese at all.
On the other hand, if the small vessel lesion is not actively treated, over time, the bleeding points will become more and more numerous, and the condition will become more and more severe.
-2-
A simple self-test to find clues of lesions
How can such a hidden and dangerous small vessel lesion of the brain be detected in time? The experts have brought 3 easy ways to self-test.
1. Scratch the feet with a cotton swab
The swab is an "essential weapon" for neurologists, using it to detect more than 95% of brain or spinal cord lesions.
Methods: A cotton swab was taken and the skin on the soles of the subject's feet was drawn with varying force from light to heavy. The order of strokes is as follows: from the outside edge of the heel upwards to the base of the little toe prominence, then to the medial side to near the big toe.
Results: If the subject's toes were retracted inward, the nervous system was normal; If the toes are unresponsive, peripheral nerve sensation may be dull; If the big toe is upturned and the rest of the toes are spread out, it is a pathological reflex and may indicate a neurologic pathology.
Pathological reflexes
2. Paint test
Method: Draw a spiral on paper at 5 mm intervals for 4 to 5 circles, then use a pen of another color to draw a line in the middle of the interval.
Results: If the second line cannot be drawn within 10 seconds, or if the line is not smooth and pressed against the first line, it may indicate damage to the cerebellum and extrapyramidal system.
3. Lip knock test
Method: Tap the upper lip with a small rubber hammer or fingers.
Results: If a pouting motion is present, it may indicate extensive lesions of small blood vessels and damage to the frontal lobes or bilateral brainstem.
-3-
3 simple tricks to help reduce the risk of stroke
1. Control blood pressure
Reducing stroke mortality is closely related to strict blood pressure control. A low-sodium diet and rational medication are very effective measures.
In order to control blood pressure, correct measurement is the first step, and there are 3 points to pay attention to when measuring blood pressure:
(1) Measure blood pressure 7~10 times in a row, the difference between the highest value and the lowest value should be within 20%, if it exceeds 20%, it means that the automatic adjustment ability is not good;
(2) The upright blood pressure should be 15~20mmHg higher than the supine blood pressure, otherwise the blood pressure regulation ability is not good.
(3) When measuring blood pressure in the lying position, lie flat for 10 minutes; When standing to measure blood pressure, stand still for 3 minutes. Every time you measure your blood pressure, make sure that the blood pressure monitor is at the same level as your heart.
2. Don't overdo it with a low-fat diet
Excessive fat intake is not good for health and can easily increase the risk of cerebral infarction. But it's not too low!
Studies have shown that hypolipidemia increases the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage. This is because brain tissue is rich in fat, and proper intake of fat is necessary to maintain the normal activity of the brain.
So, how much should I eat each day? Experts recommend that healthy adults consume 3 teaspoons of cooking oil + 1 egg + fish and red meat a total of 2 taels (about the size of a palm) every day.
3. One-minute brain exercises
Many people like to square dance, and experts say that square dancing can not only make you feel good, but also exercise your body and help prevent stroke.
In addition, the expert also brought a set of one-minute brain exercises, hurry up and learn it~
Method: Make an "OK" gesture with your left hand and a "yes" gesture with your right hand, then exchange movements with both hands at the same time, repeating the exercise. It helps to exercise the connection between the left and right brains and plays a role in strengthening the brain.
Note: The content of this article is for reference only.
Source: BTV I'm a big doctor official Weibo
Editor: Spring Tree Pension
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