1. HpV vaccine can cause infertility
Rumor content: HPV vaccination may prevent women from conceiving children.
Interpretation of the Truth: There is no definite evidence to support this claim. The World Health Organization (WHO) Committee on Vaccine Safety has summarized all the research results on HPV vaccine and infertility and concluded that HPV vaccine has a good safety profile and is not causally linked to ovarian insufficiency or infertility. In addition, HPV vaccines have been clinically tested in hundreds of thousands of cases before marketing, and adverse reactions after vaccination are still being monitored after marketing, including fever, headache, nausea and injection reactions (local pain, erythema, itching, swelling, muscle pain, etc.). These adverse reactions are similar to and not specific to the common reactions of vaccines in general. In summary, the safety of HPV vaccine is guaranteed, and HPV vaccination does not lead to infertility.
Source: Headline debunking
2. The vaccine is ineffective against the Omikejung strain
Rumors: According to the latest judgment of British and American scientists on the new crown pneumonia epidemic, existing vaccines are unable to cope with the Aumechjong strain and emerging mutant strains.
Truth interpretation: Judging from the large number of tracking data in various countries, the existing vaccines still have a good critical protection rate. Especially after receiving the vaccine booster, the protection efficiency against TheOmilon is greatly improved. The importance of vaccination can be seen in the recent outbreak in Hong Kong, mainland China, as of March 18, 2022, according to the latest analysis of deaths in Hong Kong, the epidemic has caused 5186 deaths, of which 88% have not completed two doses of vaccination. People over the age of 80 who have not received two doses of the vaccine have an infection mortality rate of up to 9.97%. It can be seen that the relevant statements about "vaccines do not work" are very absurd and do not conform to the current medical consensus.
Source: Tencent Is True
3. Raise your legs so that the heart beats can be restored in people with cardiac arrest
Rumor content: The elevation of the legs can allow the blood in the lower body to flow back, increase the blood supply, and make the patient's heart beat again.
Interpretation of the truth: When rescuing patients with cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be performed at the first time. This rumor may stem from a misreading of the medical community, because in the past, the medical community believed that when performing CPR, the patient's leg was raised, which may help the blood flow back and strengthen the effect of CPR rescue. However, the duration of this method affecting blood flow is shorter, less than 1 minute, and the effect is lacking sufficient clinical evidence, so since 1992, the procedure has been removed from CPR guidelines. Although there are still doctors studying and verifying the auxiliary effect of elevated legs on CPR, it is often done in well-equipped hospitals, and this is not recommended in the general out-of-hospital emergency guidelines because it may delay rescue.
Source: Scientific Debunking
4. If you want to cure the disease as soon as possible, it is better to take injections than to take medicine
Rumor content: Taking medicine has a slow onset of action, and injections can make drugs enter the body directly, and the onset of action is fast, so injections are better.
Interpretation of the truth: if you can take it orally, you will not inject it. Because after the drug enters the human body by oral administration, most of them will pass through the liver for initial metabolism and then enter the blood, which can reduce the risk of adverse reactions caused by direct absorption of the drug and will not produce small wounds. Oral medications have adverse reactions, and they can also quickly prevent the absorption of drugs by means of gastric lavage. In addition, small wounds produced by injection administration may increase the risk of developing infection and inflammation. Because the drug enters the body directly, the absorption will be more direct and rapid, which may increase the risk of adverse reactions, and it is difficult to quickly remove the injected drug after the occurrence of adverse reactions. Therefore, injection is often only chosen if oral administration is not applicable.
5. The money detector flashlight can detect aflatoxin in food
Rumors: Aflatoxin fluoresces under ultraviolet light and can be detected with a money detector flashlight.
Truth interpretation: This so-called detection method is not accurate. First of all, in addition to aflatoxin, many bacteria, fungi, and even hygiene products and vitamin A will produce similar fluorescence under ultraviolet light, which is easy to cause false alarms and increase anxiety based on fluorescence confirmation. Secondly, even if the food contains aflatoxin, the toxin content is often very low, and the money detector flashlight plus the naked eye cannot be distinguished at all, and must be measured with a professional high-precision fluorescence photometer. In daily life, avoid storing food in a humid environment, not eating food that is moldy or stored for too long, and not eating processed foods (such as self-pressed oil) that lack informal routes that lack quality control.
6. Only professional athletes meniscus is susceptible to damage
Rumor content: Meniscal injury is a problem that professionals with high exercise intensity will face, and ordinary people do not have to worry.
Truth interpretation: The meniscus is located at the junction of the thigh bone and the calf bone, located inside the knee joint, and has the effect of cushioning and lubrication. There are two meniscuses within one knee joint. Since the knee joint itself bears most of the weight, the impact of many exercises on the knee often reaches several times the weight. To make matters worse, most of the area on the inside of the meniscus is blood-free and difficult to repair after injury. In addition, frequent knee flexion and sudden knee extension movements, falls, or collisions can all lead to meniscus injuries. Therefore, we must pay attention to sports protection and do what we can.
Responsible Editor:
Huang Weijia, Vice President of the Medical Branch of China Science and Technology Press
About the Science Gossip List
Released by the China Association for Science and Technology, experts are organized to hold a list review meeting every month, synthesizing standards such as timeliness and harmfulness, selecting hot rumors for special interpretation, and pushing them throughout the network.
Joint list: scientific rumor dispelling platform, China Internet joint rumor dispelling platform, "learning to strengthen the country" learning platform
Platform support: Tencent more true, Weibo rumors, headlines, vibrato, dad evaluation, NetEase health
List of judging experts (in alphabetical order of last name)
Liu Yong is a researcher at the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Liu Zhanyang, chief pharmacist of the Fourth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital
Wang Qian, Chief Physician of the Third Medical Center of the Plaster General Hospital
Chen Peng, Vice Dean of the School of Journalism and Communication, Nankai University
Han Hongwei, Director of the Risk Exchange Department of the National Food Safety Risk Assessment Center
The article is published by the "Scientific Rumor Dispelling Platform" (ID: Science_Facts) public account, please indicate the source when reprinting
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