Epidemic prevention and control 丨 Nucleic acid detection card

1

What is the role of nucleic acid testing?

The substance of nucleic acid detection is the nucleic acid of the virus. Nucleic acid testing is the nucleic acid that looks up a patient's respiratory specimens, blood, or feces for the presence of an invading virus to determine whether they are infected with the new crown virus. Therefore, once the test is "positive" for nucleic acid, it can prove that the virus is present in the patient.

After the new crown virus infects the human body, it will first multiply in the respiratory system, so it can be determined whether the human body is infected with the virus by detecting the viral nucleic acid in sputum and nasopharyngeal swabs. Therefore, a positive nucleic acid test can be used as a new criterion for the diagnosis of novel coronavirus infection.

2

What details do I need to pay attention to for nucleic acid testing for all employees?

Auspicious code, ready. Prepare the "auspicious code" and ID card in advance (if you do not have an ID card, please bring a valid ID, children should bring the household registration booklet) and present it in time when registering. If the elderly and children at home do not have an "auspicious code", please collect it for your family in advance in the "Ji Shi Ban" mini program to reduce the waiting time. Do not eat, do not drink water. Try to avoid eating and drinking 2 hours before nucleic acid testing to avoid discomfort such as vomiting; try not to drink water and drinks, do not smoke, drink alcohol, and do not chew gum for the first 30 minutes; and reduce swallowing and do not clear your throat (such as coughing up sputum) when taking samples. If you have a medical history, please let us know. Before collecting a nasopharyngeal swab, the tester should be informed in advance whether there is a history of nasal surgery, nasal septum curvature, blood disease, throat disease, or anticoagulant medication. Wear a mask and be standardized. Do not arbitrarily remove the mask in the middle of the line when queuing for testing, or pull the mask to the chin. Remove the mask before sampling, wear it immediately after sampling, and prepare a mask for easy replacement at any time after contamination. One meter line, to be observed. Consciously queue up and keep a distance of more than one meter. When collecting an oropharyngeal swab, tilt your head back, relax as much as possible, breathe deeply, and open your mouth to make an "ah" sound, which helps to complete the sample quickly. Sore and itchy nose, quick occlusion. Nasal itching, such as sneezing, may occur during nasopharyngeal swab collection and should immediately cover your nose and mouth with a tissue or elbow. Protective clothing, do not touch. During the testing process, try not to touch items such as the test bench, and do not touch the protective clothing of the collection personnel. Do not stay, do not spit. Leave the site immediately after sampling, and do not spit or throw garbage at and around the collection point.

3

What is antigen testing?

Whether a virus has invaded the human body, there are currently three main methods to detect: nucleic acid detection, antigen detection and antibody detection. Both are directly methods of detecting the virus. Compared with nucleic acid detection, antigen detection can be faster and more convenient to operate, but the accuracy is lower, and it is generally used in the early stages of infection. After the outbreak of the epidemic, many countries recognized nucleic acid testing as the "gold standard" for new crown virus detection, but also promoted antigen testing as an effective supplement. According to the "Application Plan for Antigen Detection of New Coronavirus (Trial)", the positive antigen results can be used for early diversion and rapid management of suspected populations, and the selected antigen detection reagents must be approved by the National Drug Administration.

4

Who is suitable for antigen testing?

A person who goes to a primary medical and health institution and has symptoms such as respiratory tract and fever and has symptoms within 5 days. Quarantine observation personnel, including home isolation observation, close and sub-close contact, entry isolation observation, sealing and control area and control area of personnel. Residents of communities with antigen self-testing needs. According to the plan, community residents who have self-testing needs can purchase antigen detection reagents for self-testing through retail pharmacies, online sales platforms and other channels.

5

Can antigen testing be a substitute for nucleic acid testing?

The National Health Commission specifically stated that nucleic acid testing is still the basis for confirming the diagnosis of new coronavirus infection, and antigen testing as a supplementary means can be used for screening specific populations, which is conducive to improving the ability of "early detection". In other words, it is to promote the monitoring model of "antigen screening and nucleic acid diagnosis". According to the plan, where primary medical and health institutions have nucleic acid testing capabilities, nucleic acid testing shall be preferred; those that do not have nucleic acid testing capabilities may be tested for antigens. Isolation observers and community residents conducting antigen testing shall carefully read the instructions and standardize operations. Positive and negative antigens in suspected populations should be further nucleic acid testing. A positive antigen result is not a definitive basis for COVID-19 infection.

6

What is the antigen detection method?

Insert a cotton swab into your nostrils, inward as much as possible, and rotate the inner wall of the nasal cavity for at least 15 seconds. Both nostrils must be inserted, not just one. Open the lid on the top of the sampling tube (note that there is a test solution in the tube), immerse all the cotton swab heads of the nose in the test solution, rotate the plug to the end 3 times, and then soak for no less than 15 seconds, remove the cotton swabs and tighten the sample tube lid. Open the small lid above the sampling tube, drop 4 drops of test solution into the sample well of the white plastic test box (the ellipse hole below the letter S) and wait about 10 minutes to see the results (results are invalid after more than 30 minutes). Looking at the test results, the two bars are positive, only the position corresponding to "C" has a red bar is negative, and there is no bar or only the position corresponding to "T" has a red bar as an invalid test. Test result reporting: After logging in to the "Jishi Office", click the "New Crown Antigen Self-test Reporting" function to report my self-test results and report the self-test results on behalf of my family. After the test, the cotton swabs, test tubes, test cards, etc. are put into a small plastic bag with a yellow logo and sealed.

7

What should I do if I test positive for antigen?

According to the plan, people who test positive for antigens, regardless of whether they have respiratory tract, fever and other symptoms, should immediately report to their communities (villages and towns), and the community (villages and towns) will contact the emergency center to transfer residents to medical institutions that set up fever clinics for nucleic acid testing in accordance with the guidelines for the transfer of personnel related to the new crown pneumonia epidemic. At the same time, the sampling swabs, sampling tubes, test cards, etc. after the positive personnel are loaded into sealed bags and transferred to medical institutions for disposal as medical waste. People with negative antigen self-tests but symptomatic symptoms, according to the plan, it is recommended to go to a medical institution that sets up a fever clinic for nucleic acid testing as soon as possible; if it is inconvenient to seek medical treatment, they should self-isolate at home, avoid going out, and conduct antigen self-testing once a day for 5 consecutive days.