Located in Nanhengkou Village, Xiulin Town, Jingxing County, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, Jingxing Yishuntang Porcelain Is one of the porcelain kilns created by the Ma family in Nanhengkou Village, and is an important part of the Nanhengkou Ruins of the Jingxing Kiln Ruins of the National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Yishuntang introduced masters from Handan Pengcheng, which enjoyed the reputation of "Qianli Pengcheng, Rijin Doujin" and "South Jingde, North Pengcheng", and used the advanced techniques of the time to produce, mainly producing bowls, helmets, jars, wine utensils, lamps and other household utensils, and most of the products were sold to Lu county (now Luquan District, Shijiazhuang City). Since its operation, Yishuntang has experienced two generations of Ma Buke and Ma Shichang, and was nationalized in 1956 when the public-private partnership was implemented, and as the original funds were invested in the Jingxing First Ceramic Factory, and its descendants entered the ceramic factory to work. In 1996, the state-owned enterprise was transformed, and the "Jingxing First Ceramic Factory" was renamed "Original Fire Ceramics Co., Ltd.", mainly engaged in casserole products, and the products were mainly sold to Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore and Southeast Asia and other countries.
The process flow of Yishuntang porcelain number mainly includes:
1, mud training: take the local unique clay (gangue), use water to mix the mud blocks, remove the slag, rub with both hands, or step on with your feet, squeeze out the air in the mud, and make the water in the mud even.
2. Pulling blank: The kneaded mud is placed in the center of the water wheel (stone wheel) and pulled according to the required specifications. The flexion and extension of the hand method draws out the approximate appearance of the blank. Drawing is the first process of forming.
3, the blank: the shape of the impression is rotated according to the arc of the body of the blank, the drying to the semi-dry blank is covered on the mold, evenly press the outer wall of the blank body, and then release the mold.
4, the billet: the drying of the billet for repair, also known as "repair billet" or "rotary billet", is the key link to finally determine the shape of the utensils, and make the surface of the utensils smooth, coherent, regular and consistent.
5. Drying blank: the processed and formed blank is placed on the wooden frame to dry.
6, carved flowers: with wood or iron knives on the dried body to carve out the pattern.
7, kiln: first of all, the ceramic products into the box bowl (cage helmet), the box is a container for the roasting of ceramic products, made of refractory materials, the role is to prevent the direct contact between the porcelain blank and the kiln fire, to avoid pollution, especially for white porcelain firing is the most beneficial. The kiln time is three days and three nights, and the temperature is from low to high, medium temperature and high temperature, and the temperature reaches about 1300 degrees at high temperature.
As an important part of the Nanhengkou porcelain kiln, Yishun Hall contains historical, social and cultural values, which have a profound impact on the formation of the local cultural environment. At present, the original appearance of the Yishuntang porcelain site is relatively well preserved, and some products are well preserved. In 2019, the Jingxing Yishuntang porcelain number was included in the list of Yanzhao old-fashioned brands.
Author | Ma Tuo Liang Jianyun
Edit | Han Xiaohong