The most commonly seen bridge in TV dramas and various Mary Sue novels is various organ transplants!
The so-called organ transplantation actually refers to allogeneic organ transplantation, that is, a healthy organ is transplanted into a patient whose organ function is lost due to disease factors through surgery, so that the patient can regain a certain organ function. For example, kidney transplantation is the most brilliant pearl in organ transplantation!
According to relevant data surveys, the mainland has become the second largest organ transplant country after the United States, and more than 10,000 organ transplants are performed every year, ranking first in Asian countries. Since 2015, the only legal source of organ transplants in mainland China has been organs donated by volunteers.
From the implementation of the regulations to 2018, the mainland has increased to nearly 6,300 organ donors per year. But even with such a considerable number, the gap is still very large compared to the patients waiting for organ transplants.
Relevant studies have shown that nearly 300,000 patients on the mainland need to wait for organ transplant treatment and prolong their lives every year. And the number of organ transplants every year is only about 20,000!
Behind this, the more curious question is: Which diseases can be treated by organ transplantation?
1. Uremia
Uremia refers to the terminal stage of kidney failure, the patient's kidney function has been severely degraded or lost, and can only rely on long-term dialysis to prolong life. Kidney transplantation can change the dialysis status of patients with kidney failure, which is the most ideal means of treating kidney function decline.
Compared with dialysis, patients who receive kidney transplants have a better survival and quality of life. After kidney transplantation, if the patient can adhere to the postoperative immunosuppressive drugs, maintain a scientific and regular lifestyle, and conduct regular re-examinations, the kidneys after transplantation can be used for an average of about 15-20 years;
2. End-stage cirrhosis
If the patient has cirrhosis of the liver, and has reached the decompensated and terminal stages, and has a tendency to liver failure, he can be treated by liver transplantation.
So far, the liver transplantation technology in mainland China has been very mature, and it has been successfully applied to the treatment of nearly 60 liver diseases. According to the different parts of the donor liver, it is divided into two categories: in situ liver transplantation and ectopic liver transplantation in the clinic, and the prognosis of patients is relatively good;
3. Congenital heart disease
If the patient has a variety of end-stage heart disease, can not prolong life through surgery, conservative treatment, etc., the patient is in danger of life at any time, with a suitable donor, heart transplant surgery can be performed.
For example, in patients with congenital heart disease, if surgery cannot be corrected, heart transplantation can be considered;
4. Pancreatic disease
The pancreas is also an organ that can be transplanted, and in the clinic, if the patient has more serious diabetes, especially in patients with type 1 diabetes, because the pancreatic β cells have been completely damaged and completely lost the function of the islets, you can choose pancreatic transplantation for treatment. In mainland China, most pancreatic transplants are performed in conjunction with kidney transplantation.
In addition to the above types of diseases, some small intestinal diseases, cecum disease patients, skin damage, etc., can be transplanted.
However, it is important to remind everyone here that transplant surgery is not a once and for all treatment, because the organ does not come from itself, so after the transplant, the patient may face the risk of rejection.
Therefore, patients need to take anti-rejection drugs for a long time and have regular re-examinations.