Do you know? In 1g of soil, there are hundreds of millions of microorganisms active. Less than 1% of microbes are harmful to humans, but almost all infectious diseases are brought by microorganisms.
On February 19th, the 94th lecture of the Pearl River Science Lecture Hall was held at the Academic Exchange Center of Guangdong Science Center, and Guo Jun, director of the State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in South China and doctoral supervisor, gave a lecture on the theme of "The Origin of Microbiology and the Prevention and Control of the New Crown Epidemic". He stressed that the dynamic zeroing strategy implemented by China can effectively curb the development trend of the new crown virus.
□ The origin of modern microbial science "Grinding lenses of him"
Microorganisms play the role of "cleaners", and toxic and harmful substances in the environment mainly rely on microbial decomposition. Without microbes, there would be no colorful world today. Microbes are not only tiny creatures, but also large industries that are endowed with high technology. The origin of microbiology and the prevention and control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, these two issues seem to be separated by hundreds of years, but in fact are inextricably linked.
How are microbes discovered? Guo Jun on-site science popularization, the origin of modern microbial science has a milestone event, which occurred more than 300 years ago. Anthony Rwenhoek was a cloth merchant in the Netherlands, and out of a love of science in his family, he grinded more than 400 glass lenses in his lifetime, observing various things through the polished lenses. Once, he scraped a little material from his teeth and put it under the lens to observe, and found that something was moving, which was the first time that humans had seen microorganisms with their eyes. Since then, microbiology has developed rapidly, and Anthony Lüwenhoek has been called a pioneer in microbiology research.
Guo Jun also introduced two scientists who study microbiology, one is Pasteur and the other is KOCH. Pasteur was French, and his contribution was to invent the Pasteur disinfection method, which solved the problem that winemaking can quickly become sour, and the sterilized wine can be preserved for a long time. The German scientist KOCH invented the KOCH law, and the scientific verification method proposed by the KOCH law was used to verify the relationship between bacteria and diseases, which was regarded by posterity as the golden rule for the identification of infectious disease pathogens. It laid the foundation for the establishment of a systematic research method for pathogenic microbiology, making it an independent discipline.
In 1928, the Englishman A. Fleming discovered penicillin,000 penicillin, which was later widely used and saved the lives of countless warriors, in a plate Dish for cultivating staphylococcus. This is how the origin of microbes was promoted by scientists.
□ The new crown virus may coexist with humans
Guo Jun believes that the new crown virus belongs to a new type of virus, and the virus is an important part of the microbial population. Therefore, the study of the new crown virus and pneumonia epidemic is also an important topic of microbiology research.
Why do I get infected after vaccination? Guo Jun analyzed that the new crown virus belongs to the RNA virus of respiratory infection, which spreads quickly and is prone to mutation. From the perspective of the human body, it takes a certain amount of time for antibody production to reach its peak, and the time for antibody potency to be maintained also needs to be studied.
In response to the effectiveness of the vaccine, Guo Jun made this explanation: after receiving 3 doses of vaccine, the human body will produce Igg and IgM antibodies, thus exerting a protective effect. Vaccines contribute to the reduction of severe cases, which significantly reduce mortality, which facilitates dynamic zeroing and the formation of herd immunity.
Regarding the future infection trend of new crown pneumonia, Guo Jun predicts that there is a possibility that the epidemic trend of the new crown virus will weaken in the future, and it may coexist with humans. However, the Aumechjong variant cannot be regarded as a "big flu", nor can it dilute the seriousness of the epidemic and weaken the degree of attention. The case fatality rate of COVID-19 is now 2%, which is lower than SARS and MERS, but COVID-19 has had the greatest impact on humans.
"COVID-19 may weaken the body's immunity and cause a variety of sequelae such as slow thinking, skeletal diseases, visceral and vascular problems." Therefore, he believes that in order to ensure the safety of people's lives, in the absence of a better way to control the epidemic, the dynamic zeroing strategy will not be adjusted for the time being.
Text/Guangzhou Daily, Xinhuacheng Reporter: Fang Qing Correspondent: Wu Jingping
Photo/ Guangzhou Daily, Xinhuacheng Reporter: Wang Yan Correspondent: Wu Jingping
Guangzhou Daily New Flower City Editor: Su Wanqian