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Shortly after Valentine's Day, what gifts did everyone receive? (You can tell Xiaoyi in the message area ~)
When it comes to Valentine's Day, it's inevitable to talk about romance. If we were to find a container for romance, most people would always put romance in the jar of love. In our dealings with the closest people, we always make romance one of the necessities of love to a greater or lesser extent.
Salinger once wrote in the novel: "The most romantic part of a love is that it is about to begin but has not yet begun." ”
Is there already a sense of cp in your mind? Have you already thought of those sweet loves?
So, is romance really the same as love?
Artistically, it is known as the genre of Romanticism, and the theme of its works is often unrelated to love. Believe it or not, you see:
▲ "Freedom Guides the People"
▲"The Massacre of Xi'ao Island"
▲ Dante's Boat
These three paintings are all the works of the Romantic painting master Delacroix. Their themes are the yearning for freedom, the attack on slaughter, and love has nothing to do with it.
Romanticism, in fact, is an artistic style that was popular in Europe from the late 18th century to the early 19th century.
This is a very important stage of art, because Romanticism is an artistic genre that first pays attention to human nature.
The source of the artistic themes we see today, concerned with human psychology and feelings, is Romanticism.
In Europe, art was first in the service of religion. Although the Renaissance was experienced in the middle and the pope was gone, but soon there was a king, and the European countries quickly established absolute monarchies after the Renaissance.
What is the most important thing for an authoritarian regime? Of course, it is a strict superior-subordinate relationship and social rules, otherwise where is the authority of the king?
At this time in Europe, the popular classicism, which is characterized by two words:
Rationality, rules
Artists can only create within the limits of the royal power, and cannot express their desires.
▲ Classicist School: The Oath of the Horace Brothers, 1784
Take classical drama as an example, at that time, to write a script, you had to follow the "Trinity".
What does that mean?
The story narrated by a play takes place in a day (day and night), in a scene, and the plot is subordinated to a theme.
You see, this kind of art, how boring ah ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
Where there is oppression, there is resistance. Although the royal power is very powerful, the creative passion of the artist cannot be completely suppressed.
So in the late 18th century, Goethe took the lead in writing The Troubles of Young Werther and began to describe the inner world of people.
At this point, it was out of control, and artists such as Shelley, Byron, Mozart, and Beethoven began to rebel against the rules and create according to their own wishes.
After serving the clerical and royal powers, art began to enter the stage of serving human rights.
Therefore, the core of Romanticism is not love, but the artists' rebellion against the rules and the pursuit of freedom of artistic creation.
The most typical example is the musician Beethoven, who we are familiar with.
In 1774, dissatisfied with the king's autocracy, the French launched the French Revolution and transformed the kingdom into a republic. But after the fall of the king, the major forces in France sang and sang on the stage, and the chaos was a mess.
It was not until 1799 that Napoleon, who was good at fighting, was elected first consul, stabilized the situation, and carried out various reforms in favor of the people.
Napoleon at this time was a great hero in the eyes of European artists, and many artists created works to praise him. For example, the following:
Jacques David, "The First Archon from the Grand Saint Bernard Pass."
Crossing the Alps
▲ Anthony Groh, "General Napoleon at Alcor Bridge"
Beethoven was no exception, writing that symphony for Napoleon.
However, in 1804, Napoleon suddenly became emperor, and all of a sudden, he changed from a rebel to a dictator, and a brave man to a dragon.
After Beethoven knew, his heart was broken, and in a fit of rage, he changed the name of the symphony to "Symphony of Heroes".
You see, Napoleon is a very powerful figure, but the artists at that time were so arrogant, and if you want to be an emperor and engage in despotism, then I will not give you any face.
So, the next time you hear someone say to you: Hello romantic. Maybe not to praise your flirtatious skills, but to praise the freedom-seeking side of your humanity.