Recently, the weather has been changeable, various wild fungi and plants have entered a period of vigorous growth, and incidents of food poisoning caused by accidentally picking and eating poisonous wild mushrooms, intestinal grasses and other poisonous plants have occurred from time to time. On February 19, the Guangdong Provincial Market Supervision Bureau issued a reminder: In order to prevent the occurrence of poisoning accidents such as accidentally eating wild poisonous mushrooms and broken intestinal grass, the general public and catering units are requested not to pick, eat, manufacture and sell wild mushrooms, broken intestinal grass and other wild plants.
In addition, the Provincial Market Supervision Bureau reminds all kinds of catering units, canteens and other food operators to implement the main responsibility, strengthen self-management, strictly import good raw materials, purchase channels should be formal, and do a good job of raw material purchase registration account. All kinds of unit canteens, especially school canteens, are strictly forbidden to pick and purchase wild mushrooms and five-fingered peaches (easy to mix with hook-kissed rhizomes), and it is strictly forbidden to use wild mushrooms and five-fingered peaches as food raw materials; edible mushrooms and medicinal and food homologous ingredients should be strictly selected to avoid mixing toxic and harmful substances into them.
Common poisonous mushroom species in Guangdong include white poisonous umbrella (deadly amanita), gray pattern amanita, white variant of yellow-lipped amanita, sticky-covered foot-covering mushroom, and clustered silk umbrella (clustered yellow-tough umbrella). Once the symptoms of suspected poisoning occur after accidentally eating wild mushrooms, wild hook kisses and other wild plants, methods such as vomiting should be used as soon as possible to quickly eliminate toxins. At the same time, after inducing vomiting, you should go to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible and report to the local health administrative department in time. It is best to bring samples of remaining mushrooms or wild plants with you for further definitive diagnosis.
At the same time, we must be vigilant against the "false healing period" of poisoning. After treatment, some patients after treatment, the symptoms of acute gastroenteritis gradually alleviated or even disappeared, giving people a feeling of healing, in fact, at this time the toxin is entering the liver and other internal organs through the blood, infringing on the parenchymal organs, will deteriorate rapidly after 1 to 2 days, involving the liver, kidneys, heart, brain and other organs, with liver damage being the most serious. Therefore, when the initial symptoms of poisoning are relieved, they should still stay in the hospital for active treatment and observe for a period of time to ensure that their condition is stable and improved before being discharged.
link:
1. Identification of poisonous mushrooms
Identifying complex and diverse poisonous and edible mushrooms in different places according to the traditional individual simple methods and specific experiences is one of the causes of accidental ingestion poisoning. Don't try to use the so-called "folk remedies" you hear to distinguish poisonous mushrooms, because many methods are false rumors and have no scientific basis. Even experts may need to use professional instruments to distinguish similarly shaped varieties.
Myth 1:
Brightly colored, or good-looking mushrooms are poisonous.
This "bright" and "good-looking" itself has no specific absolute standard. In fact, the fleshy brown lin small umbrella and autumn helmet spore umbrella that are not colorful and do not look good are extremely poisonous. The first killer of poisonous mushroom poisoning in Guangdong, the white poison umbrella, is pure white.
At the same time, there are also some edible mushroom species that are both beautiful and safe, and the orange cover amanita from the genus Amanita, with a bright orange-yellow cap and stalk, wrapped in a white mushroom tray when not fully opened, has the nickname of "egg fungus", which is a must-try delicacy in the summer travel to Sichuan and Tibet.
Myth 2:
Poisonous mushroom insect ants do not eat, and mushrooms with traces of insect feeding are non-toxic.
In fact, many mushrooms that are poisonous to humans are the delicacies of other animals, such as leopard spot amanita, which is often eaten by slugs. The white poison umbrella has also been recorded being eaten by insects.
Myth 3:
Poisonous mushrooms can be discolored when cooked with silverware, garlic, rice or cordyceps; poisonous mushrooms can be detoxified after being cooked at high temperatures or cooked with garlic.
Silver needle poison test is an ancient legend that has been passed down for thousands of years, and the principle is that silver reacts with sulfur or sulfide to form black silver sulfide. However, all poisonous mushrooms contain no sulfur or sulfides and do not darken silverware. The claim that poisonous mushrooms discolor rice, garlic or corduroy is entirely speculative and has no evidence.
Cooking at high temperatures or boiling with garlic is even more harmful. Different species of poisonous mushrooms contain toxins with different thermal stability. Taking the white poison umbrella as an example, the stability of its toxic component umbrella peptide is very strong, boiling, sun drying can not destroy this kind of toxin, the human body can not degrade it. The active substances in garlic have a certain bactericidal effect, but they are completely powerless against poisonous mushrooms.
Myth 4: Those who are injured and discolored and who run out of juice are poisonous.
In fact, this is not absolute, like pine milk mushrooms, red milk mushrooms wounds and milk are turned blue-green, but it is a delicious edible mushroom.
Myth 5: Poisonous mushrooms often have scales, mucus, and a corpus and ring on the stem.
At the same time, there are fungal trays and rings, and there are often scales on the cap, which is the identification feature of Amanita, which is the most concentrated group of toxic species in umbelliferous. That is to say, according to the identification criteria of "mushrooms with bacterial stocks, rings and scales are poisonous", a large wave of poisonous mushrooms, including white poisonous umbrellas and poisonous fly amanita, can be avoided. However, the scope of application of this standard cannot be extrapolated to the entire mushroom world with a high degree of morphology diversity, let alone extended to "mushrooms without these characteristics are non-toxic". Many poisonous mushrooms do not have unique morphological characteristics, such as sub-thin fold black mushrooms, no bacterial stocks, rings and scales, the color is also very plain, accidental ingestion will lead to hemolysis symptoms, severe may be due to organ failure to die. On the other hand, this criterion makes many edible mushrooms lie down and be shot. For example, in common edible mushrooms, the large bulbous mushroom has a fungal ring, the grass mushroom has a fungal support, and the shiitake mushroom has hair and scales.
2. Tips for identifying broken intestinal grass
Gray pattern amanita
Text/Guangzhou Daily, Xinhuacheng Reporter: He Yingsi Correspondent Guangdong City Supervisor
Photo/ Guangzhou Daily Xinhuacheng Reporter: He Yingsi Correspondent Guangdong City Supervisor
Guangzhou Daily New Flower City Editor: Zhang Yu