Recently, there have been reports of food poisoning and fatalities caused by accidental consumption of wild poisonous mushrooms, broken intestinal grass and puffer fish in our province. The Guangdong Provincial Market Supervision and Administration Bureau once again reminds that food safety is no small matter, please the general public and food business units to be vigilant, beware of mistaken eating and mis-selling of wild poisonous mushrooms, broken intestine grass, puffer fish and other poisonous animals and plants.
Wild mushrooms
Some wild poisonous mushrooms and edible mushrooms are similar in appearance, identification requires professional knowledge and with the help of certain instruments and equipment, only by the naked eye and according to the shape, smell, color and other physical characteristics are difficult to distinguish, it is very easy to accidentally eat and cause poisoning.
In the wild, non-toxic mushrooms are often mixed with poisonous mushrooms, and non-toxic mushrooms are easily contaminated by the hyphae of poisonous mushrooms. Even non-toxic mushroom species that are partially epiphytic to poisonous plants can be contaminated with toxicity. Therefore, even if you eat mushrooms that are drug-free, there is still a risk of poisoning.
The toxins contained in poisonous mushrooms are complex or vary depending on the region, season, variety and growing conditions. The incubation period for poisoning of poisonous mushrooms is 2 hours to 24 hours, and some are only about 10 minutes. Liver-damaging poisoning caused by accidental consumption of poisonous mushrooms is the most dangerous, manifested by nausea, vomiting, pain in the liver area and other symptoms, and some patients may be accompanied by psychiatric symptoms. At present, there is no specific treatment for poisonous mushroom poisoning, and the symptoms of poisoning are serious, the incidence is urgent, and the mortality rate is high.
Precautions: 1. Do not pick. During the spring outing, the general public should not pick wild mushrooms or mushrooms of unknown origin or wild plants out of curiosity or in order to satisfy the appetite. For wild mushrooms in the grass on the side of the road, because it is not easy to identify poisonous mushrooms, the general public should not easily pick mushrooms that they do not know. 2. Do not purchase. Do not buy mushrooms at roadside vendors, even if you buy wild mushrooms in the regular market, you should not let your guard down, especially wild mushrooms that you have not eaten or do not know, do not listen to bias, and buy them easily to eat. 3. Do not consume. To avoid food poisoning, families should be cautious about eating wild mushrooms. Do not process and eat wild mushrooms for group meals, catering services, folk tourism, etc., to ensure the safety of food consumption.
Broken intestinal grass
Broken intestine grass does not belong to the official name of any kind of plant, but the common name used by people around the country to call certain plants, the most "famous" of which is hook kiss, also known as big tea medicine, the whole plant is highly toxic, the main toxic substance is hook kiss alkaloids, the accidental eater is light breathing difficulties, heavy is fatal. The clinical manifestations of hook-kiss poisoning are mainly neurological symptoms, mainly including respiratory paralysis, dizziness, slurred speech, muscle flaccidity, diplopia, vision loss, sore throat, dysphagia, diarrhea and abdominal pain, mouth foam, nausea and vomiting.
Hook kiss is commonly found in the village, roadside, hillside grass or bush, in the form of vine crawling growth, and buried in the soil of the root system is developed, often entangled with other surrounding plant systems, the shape of its flowers, rhizomes and some commonly used medicinal materials such as "five-fingered peach", "honeysuckle", "golden key", etc. Are very similar, for the Guangdong masses who have always used Chinese medicinal materials to soak wine or boil soup drinking habits, it may be due to the accidental digging of hook kiss roots or mixed with the roots of hook kiss roots, used to soak medicinal wine or boil soup drinking and cause poisoning. Similar cases of poisoning occur from time to time.
Precautions: Do not buy Chinese herbal medicines of unknown origin. Before making your own liquor and cooking soup with Chinese herbal medicines, be sure to learn more about the knowledge of medicinal herbs and buy them from formal channels.
Puffer fish
Puffer fish, scientific name pufferfish, because it contains tetrodotoxin, it is easy to be poisoned after eating and cause nerve paralysis, and then dizziness, vomiting, numbness of lips and fingers, general weakness and other symptoms, severe life-threatening. There are currently no specific antidotes and treatments.
Although puffer fish is highly toxic, some consumers still prefer to fish themselves, process themselves or entrust food service units to process them, so such food poisoning incidents occur every year. In recent years, in order to prevent and control puffer fish poisoning accidents and ensure the safety of consumer consumption, the former Ministry of Agriculture and the State Food and Drug Administration have conditionally liberalized the processing and operation of the cultured redfin oriental pufferfish and the cultured dark-striped oriental pufferfish. According to the relevant documents, the breeding of puffer fish should be processed by qualified agricultural product processing enterprises in accordance with the relevant standards and passed the inspection before it can be sold, and the puffer fish of the processing enterprises should originate from the puffer fish source base filed by the agricultural department. Puffer fish processing products shall be packaged, with traceable two-dimensional codes attached to the packaging, and indicate the product name, implementation standards, raw material bases and processing enterprise names and filing numbers, processing dates, shelf life, preservation conditions, inspection qualification information, etc. Puffer fish processing products should use a uniform product inspection certificate. The operation of farmed puffer fish live fish and raw puffer fish whole fish is prohibited. The processing of all species of wild puffer fish is prohibited. Therefore, the legally farmed and edible puffer fish that can be purchased on the market are not live fish, but slaughtered fish skins or fish meat products, and all the puffer fish in circulation have traceable QR codes on the outer packaging.
Precautions: Do not buy, do not catch and eat wild puffer fish. Do not buy or eat whole puffer fish or puffer fish products processed by agricultural product processing enterprises that have not been approved by the state.
Food business operators should implement inspections of incoming food
All kinds of catering units, canteens and other food operators should implement the main responsibility, strengthen self-management, strictly import good raw materials, purchase channels should be formal, and do a good job of raw material purchase registration accounts. All kinds of unit canteens, especially school canteens, are strictly forbidden to pick and purchase wild mushrooms and five-fingered peaches (easy to mix with hook-kissed rhizomes), and it is strictly forbidden to use wild mushrooms and five-fingered peaches as food raw materials; edible mushrooms and medicinal and food homologous ingredients should be strictly selected to avoid mixing toxic and harmful substances into them.
Food business units should earnestly perform the main responsibility of food safety, and the puffer fish products sold and processed must be processed and inspected by qualified agricultural product processing enterprises in accordance with relevant standards, and must inspect and retain product inspection certificates and related tickets. Food business operators selling live puffer fish, wild puffer fish and their products, and catering service units processing and making live puffer fish and wild puffer fish are all illegal acts and will be punished by law.
Do a good job of emergency treatment of food poisoning
At present, there is no specific treatment for poisoning such as poisonous mushrooms, broken intestinal grass, and puffer fish. Once the symptoms of suspected poisoning occur by accidental ingestion, the toxin should be quickly eliminated by means of emetic and other methods as soon as possible. At the same time, after inducing vomiting, you should go to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible and report to the local health administrative department in time. It is best to bring samples of remaining mushrooms, wild plants, or puffer fish with you for further definitive diagnosis.
At the same time, we must be vigilant against the "false healing period" of poisoning. After treatment, some patients after treatment, the symptoms of acute gastroenteritis gradually alleviated or even disappeared, giving people a feeling of healing, in fact, at this time the toxin is entering the liver and other internal organs through the blood, infringing on the parenchymal organs, will deteriorate rapidly after 1 to 2 days, involving the liver, kidneys, heart, brain and other organs, with liver damage being the most serious. Therefore, when the initial symptoms of poisoning are relieved, they should still stay in the hospital for active treatment and observe for a period of time to ensure that their condition is stable and improved before being discharged.
[Reporter] Bin Hongxia
[Correspondent] Guangdong Municipal Supervisor
[Intern] Feng Yonglai
【Author】 Bin Hongxia
【Source】 Southern Press Media Group South + client