Ankerry Yu yang
Abstract: There are many types of photovoltaic power plants, and the geographical distribution range is getting wider and wider. A single power station occupies a large area, the traditional operation and maintenance methods are difficult, the inspection management is easy to miss, the efficiency is low, the labor cost is high, the fault is found, the maintenance is not timely, etc., so that the power generation of the power station is reduced, resulting in revenue loss, seriously affecting the return on investment. Through the construction of a big data intelligent operation and maintenance platform, operation and maintenance management realizes informatization, networking, and digitization, reduces the number of station-side personnel, improves the management level, work efficiency, and correctness of decision-making, reduces the operation and maintenance costs, ensures the safety and reliability of power station operation, reduces power generation losses, and achieves good power station benefits.
Keywords: photovoltaic power plants; big data; informatization; intelligent operation and maintenance
0 Introduction
With the depletion of fossil energy, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, and renewable energy is receiving more and more attention. In recent years, the renewable energy industry has developed rapidly. According to the data released by the National Energy Administration, the total installed capacity of new photovoltaics in the country continued to grow, with 17 times that of 2011 in 2016, and the new installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation in China in 2017 was 53.06 GW, of which distributed photovoltaics were 19.44 GW, an increase of 370% year-on-year. The installed capacity of photovoltaic power plants is becoming more and more large, the geographical distribution is becoming more and more extensive, and the types of power stations are complex and diverse. A company operates and maintains 13 photovoltaic power plants, with sites in 10 provinces, including rooftop photovoltaic projects, fish-light complementary photovoltaic projects, mountain photovoltaics, agricultural photovoltaic projects and other types of photovoltaic power plants. Among them, the roof photovoltaic project is built in dozens of rooftop factories covering an area of 20 km2 park; the Yuguang complementary photovoltaic power station is built in a lake covering an area of 1.3 km2. Relying on the traditional operation and maintenance methods, the management of photovoltaic power plants is difficult, the inspection management is easy to exist and missing, the operation and maintenance efficiency is low, the labor cost is high, the fault discovery and maintenance are not timely, etc., so that the photovoltaic power station power generation is reduced, the revenue of the photovoltaic power station is reduced, which seriously affects the difficulty of the operation and maintenance of the photovoltaic power station, and proposes to build a big data operation and maintenance platform with the help of computers, network communications and big data technologies to realize the informatization, networking and digitization of power station operation and maintenance management. This not only improves the management level, work efficiency, correctness of decision-making, reduces the number of station-side personnel, but also provides true, accurate and timely production management information for the production managers of the power station, ensures the safety and reliability of the power station equipment, reduces the power generation loss of the power station, and realizes the efficiency management of power station operation and maintenance.
1 O&M platform system structure
The system structure is divided into two layers, as shown in Figure 1.
Layer 1: The headquarters centralizes the management layer, deploys a big data intelligent operation and maintenance platform, receives real-time production operation data uploaded by the station, the operation parameters of the main equipment at the station, conducts multi-level and multi-dimensional comprehensive analysis and processing, storage, application, display and release of the data uploaded by the station, evaluates the production and operation of the power station, and provides production and operation reports; and realizes the unified monitoring and management of multiple subordinate power stations. The second layer: the station-side data acquisition layer, built in the power station in place, through the deployment of a communication management machine in the production control area to receive the power station SCADA monitoring system backstage forwarding inverter, bus box, boost station telemetry and energy meter (safety zone II. ), environmental monitor data, and through the horizontal isolation device (forward type) transmitted to the management information area of the data server, located in the server of the parser program for real-time analysis, storage and statistical analysis of the incoming data.
2 Platform features
The power station end of the phase voltage, line voltage, phase current, power, power factory, plant electricity, frequency and switching state and other operating data for real-time monitoring, big data operation and maintenance platform uses its powerful data processing capabilities, the collected data analysis and processing, to achieve the station end production operation status monitoring, fault problem early warning, alarm, remote control and remote adjustment of related equipment.
2.1 Map Navigation
As shown in Figure 2, through the online map, the geographical location information, operating status, installed capacity, energy conservation and emission reduction, annual actual power generation, annual theoretical power generation, etc. of each power station are displayed. Users can quickly understand the overall operating status and operation level of each power station. At the same time, you can directly click on any power station icon on the online map, and the system directly enters the power station to understand the detailed operation information of the power station.
2.2 Real-time monitoring
Support real-time collection of power station operating status, power station PR, equivalent hours, over-limit alarm information, equipment (photovoltaic modules, inverters, combiner boxes, box transformers, boost stations, collector lines, etc.) operating data, abnormal equipment conditions, station-side alarms, the implementation of real-time display and second-level refresh, in order to find the station-side fault points in advance, timely processing of fault points, reduce power loss, improve power generation efficiency.
2.3 Intelligent O&M
Using the data analysis and computing capabilities of the big data operation and maintenance platform, the collected station-side data is calculated and analyzed to predict the operation trend of the power station; the potential failure points of the station-side equipment are found in the operation process, so as to deal with it in advance to avoid causing greater losses after the failure; for the faults that have been generated, through the data processing and calculation function of the big data platform, quickly and accurately locate the equipment failures, find the causes of the failures, and formulate professional solutions that can be used as references to assist the operation and maintenance personnel in handling the failures. Improve the overall operation and maintenance level and efficiency of the power station and reduce losses.
2.4 Benchmarking management
Compare the operating conditions of each power station in different dimensions, such as power generation benchmarking, power generation efficiency benchmarking, energy consumption benchmarking, fault handling efficiency benchmarking, safety completion rate benchmarking, etc. Through benchmarking, understand the actual overall operation level of each power station, timely discover the poorly operated power stations and equipment, so as to formulate targeted strategies to improve their overall operation level and achieve increased power generation.
2.5 Power station operation analysis
The power station management personnel analyze the comprehensive efficiency, the completion rate of the plan, the curtailment of light or wind power (maintenance of curtailment or curtailment, fault curtailment or wind curtailment, curtailment of light or wind curtailment), loss (when inverter loss is equivalent, string loss is equivalent, when the combiner box loss is equivalent, box variable operation loss, cable loss, etc.), solar energy resources, inverter performance, etc., to determine the specific factors affecting the performance of the power station, and deal with it in time, so as to ensure the stability of the overall operation of the power station.
2.6 O&M Management
Operation and maintenance management is the operation platform of the daily operation and maintenance work of the power station, including two ticket management, maintenance management, inspection management, training management, defect management, operation and maintenance workbench, assessment management, shift management, equipment replacement and other contents. Make full use of informatization to achieve the whole process of operation and maintenance management tracking and management, strengthen the implementation and efficiency of operation and maintenance management, and improve the quality of operation and maintenance.
2.7 Operational Statistical Analysis
Operation statistics is a variety of statistical reports generated based on the operation data of the power station according to the requirements of production and operation management, and the specific report format can be freely customized according to the needs of the operation and management of the power station to meet the diverse needs. The system conducts multi-level and multi-dimensional comprehensive comparative analysis of the operation data of the power station, which helps to accurately evaluate the actual production and operation of the power station and achieve the refined management goal of the power station.
2.8 Equipment Asset Management
Realize the centralized management of the power station equipment asset ledger and its closely related business information, thereby improving the reliability and utilization of the equipment, reducing the failure rate and the number of deactivation hours of the equipment, controlling and reducing the cost of equipment maintenance and maintenance, shortening the maintenance response and maintenance working time, prolonging the service life of the equipment, and enhancing the safety of the power station.
2.9 Administration
Through the information management of organizations, personnel, measures, events, ledgers and other work related to the safety of power generation production, the awareness of production management is improved, and the standardized management and information supervision of power station production are carried out to reduce the occurrence of accidents and the degree of harm. Make full use of advanced computer technology and network technology to improve the efficiency of safety supervision work, reduce the work intensity of safety supervision personnel, and improve the level of safety production management.
2.10 Expert Knowledge Base
A large number of PV power plant operation and maintenance related professional technology, fault resolution application cases, operation and maintenance experience summary and other knowledge are recorded, and a knowledge base model is established at the same time, which is convenient for on-site operation and maintenance personnel to summarize according to the knowledge base model according to the operation and maintenance situation of the site and their own experience, and improve the construction of the knowledge base by themselves. The expert knowledge base not only helps the O&M team to train O&M personnel and improve the professional level of O&M personnel, but also when a fault is discovered, the system automatically searches the expert knowledge base by analyzing and comparing the data calculations at the point of failure, providing solutions for similar cases and providing technical references for O&M personnel.
2.11 Mobile APP Features
Support mobile terminals (mobile phones, tabletS, etc.) to access the power station, understand the geographical location information, installed capacity, power generation efficiency, energy saving and emission reduction, operation and maintenance evaluation (including work tickets, operation tickets, the number of defect tickets generated and the number of closed-loop), power station revenue, etc.
3 Acrystal Substation Power Operation and Maintenance Cloud Platform
3.1 Cloud platform architecture
3.2 Cloud Platform Overview
Our O&M platform comprehensively uses comprehensive protection devices, multi-functional power instruments, busbar and cable temperature measuring devices, transformer thermometers, video cameras, flood smoke, temperature and humidity, door magnets and other sensors to uniformly access the edge computing gateway at the substation site, and uploads the data to the cloud platform after the edge computing gateway. Real-time centralized monitoring of the power consumption of all substations, unified scheduling of operation and maintenance inspection arrangements, online and offline linkage; to achieve 24-hour unattended user-side substation distribution, monitor the operating status of each distribution circuit, instantly locate faults, and reduce risks. Send O&M tasks to personnel's mobile phones through the mobile APP, and track the O&M execution process through GPS. Centralize and unify the management of widely distributed substations in enterprise groups/colleges and universities to improve O&M efficiency, improve fault response speed, and immediately discover operational defects and eliminate defects. Provide power collection and copying services for electricity sales enterprises, immediately grasp the user's electricity consumption, avoid deviation assessment, respond to the policy of ubiquitous power Internet of Things, increase customer stickiness, and prepare for the development of value-added services in the later stage.
3.3 Cloud Platform Functions
3.4 Cloud platform configuration scheme
3.5 Product Introduction
AM5SE series microcomputer integrated protection device
function
Protection function: main variable differential protection function, main variable backup protection, three-stage overcurrent belt direction with voltage locking, three-stage overcurrent, zero sequence current protection, overvoltage;
Low voltage protection, high-power motor protection, high-voltage motor comprehensive protection, PT side-by-side function, non-power protection, grid-connected reverse power protection, check-in function;
Measurement function: protection current, measurement current, zero sequence current, bus voltage, zero sequence voltage 4-20MA output, DC measurement;
Communication function: provide RS485 communication interface, RS232 maintenance interface, IRIG-B time-to-face interface, USB upgrade interface, RJ45 network port interface;
Fault recording function: trigger wave recording during protection action, and can record the data of four cycles after the 8 cycles before the fault;
Control circuit: with operating circuit, anti-jump function;
GPS calibration function: Provides a clock synchronization interface to receive GPS calibration signal.
apply
The protection and control functions of substations and equipment with voltage levels of 35kV and below include at least 35kV inlet/main transformer (general capacity of 2000kVA or more)/PT/busbar, 10kV inlet/feeder/distribution transformer (general capacity below 2000kVA)/high-voltage motor/high-voltage capacitor/bus/PT and other equipment protection and automatic control functions.
ASD300 Series Intelligent Controls
A dynamic simulation diagram indication and self-test live display, latching and self-test;
Nuclear phase, forced heating, forced lighting;
Voice anti-error prompt;
Human induction and cabinet lighting, live voice broadcast;
Split and close, far away in situ, energy storage conversion switch;
Good indication/voltage measurement of the split-closing circuit;
Pre-division pre-closing flash indication;
Circuit breaker split number statistics;
RS485 serial communication interface;
Wireless temperature measurement of switchgear nodes;
Full electrical parameter measurement.
35KV high voltage and below mid-cabinet, handcar cabinet, ring network cabinet.
ARTM-Pn wireless temperature measuring device
Received 60 ATE100/200/300/400;
3U3I electrical parameter measurement;
Real-time temperature measurement function;
RS485 communication interface, through the standard MODBUS RTU protocol to achieve networking function;
Self-test function;
Over-temperature, high temperature, interphase temperature difference alarm, temperature sudden change alarm function.
Substations, distribution rooms, box transformers, etc.
APM810 Series Multifunctional Power Meter
Accuracy level: active energy 0.5S level, reactive power 2 level;
Measurement function: three-phase voltage, three-phase current, split phase and total active power, split phase and total reactive power, split phase and total apparent power, split phase and total power factor, frequency, demand;
Energy metering: phased and total bidirectional energy, four-quadrant reactive energy;
Power quality monitoring: 2-63 sub-harmonics, total (odd, even) harmonic measurement, voltage peak coefficient, telephone peak factor, current K coefficient measurement;
Input and output: 2 channels of switching output (optional MD82 module can be expanded to 8 channels);
and 2 switching inputs (optional MD82 module can be expanded to 26 channels), switching output;
Can be configured as alarm output or remote control, DO as alarm output can be freely associated with alarm content;
SD card storage function: used for electrical parameters, energy, harmonics and other data timing storage, waveform storage and other functions.
Suitable for power systems, industrial and mining enterprises, public utilities, intelligent buildings and other occasions that require power monitoring.
DTSD1352 Din rail energy meter
Measurement function: three-phase current, voltage, power, frequency, total positive and reverse active energy statistics, total positive and reverse reactive energy statistics;
Accuracy level accuracy: active 0.5S;
Current signal access: direct access 10 (80) A via CT access 1 (6)A;
Voltage signal: 100V 380V;
Communication: RS485 interface, support MODBUS-RTU or DL/T645 communication protocol.
It is suitable for the sub-metering of electric energy in government agencies and large public construction, and can also be used for electric energy management assessment in enterprises and institutions.
ADW300 wireless smart meter
Power quality: voltage, current imbalance, voltage, current total harmonics and 2-31 sub-harmonics;
Demand: current, power demand and real-time current, power demand;
Accuracy level accuracy: 0.5s class ADW300 external transformer type 1;
Current signal specifications: 100A input, through the transformer input, secondary transformer access;
Communication mode: RS485, LORA wireless communication, NB-IOT wireless communication, 4G wireless communication.
The ADW300 is convenient for users to monitor, copy and manage electricity, and can be flexibly installed in distribution boxes, and can be used in online monitoring platforms such as power operation and maintenance and environmental protection supervision.
ARCM300 series electrical fire monitoring instrument
Measurement: single loop residual current, 4 channels temperature, voltage, current, power, frequency, power factor, apparent energy, four-quadrant energy;
Protection: residual current, temperature, overcurrent, etc.;
Alarm: sound and light alarm, support sound reduction, reset operation;
Switching: 1 relay output, 4 switching inputs;
Communication mode: RS485, NB-IOT wireless communication, 4G wireless communication.
It is suitable for intelligent buildings, high-rise apartments, hotels, restaurants, commercial buildings, industrial and mining enterprises, national fire fighting units, petrochemical, cultural, educational and health, finance, telecommunications and other fields.
ANET Smart Gateway
Data acquisition (support serial port, Ethernet, only need to configure to be compatible with all kinds of instruments that support standard power specifications);
Data upload (support data upload to Shanghai classification sub-energy consumption platform, Ningxia power demand side platform, Jiangsu power operation and maintenance platform, Zhejiang electric power operation and maintenance platform);
Edge computing (flexible alarm threshold setting, active upload of alarm information, data consolidation calculation, resumable transmission, data encryption, 4G routing);
Remote management (remote configuration, remote upgrade, remote monitoring).
Ubiquitous power Internet of Things, energy consumption system platform, power demand side management platform, third-party cloud platform, prepaid system, operation and maintenance system platform, power monitoring platform, energy integrated management platform.
3.6 Cloud platform on-site application pictures
Showroom on-site operation and maintenance team Collect the interior of the box
Highly equipped on-site door magnetic installation Smoke sensor installation
Installation of water leakage detection installation low voltage cabinet instrumentation
3.7 Platform Value
Provide an online operation and maintenance service platform for power operation and maintenance enterprises, real-time centralized monitoring of the power consumption of all substations, unified scheduling, operation and maintenance inspection arrangements, and online and offline linkage.
Centralize and unify the management of widely distributed substations in enterprise groups/colleges and universities to improve O&M efficiency and improve fault response speed;
Respond to the policy of ubiquitous power Internet of Things, increase customer stickiness, and prepare for the development of value-added services in the later stage;
Provide power collection and copying services for electricity sales enterprises, immediately grasp the user's electricity consumption, and avoid deviation assessment.
4 Conclusions
In view of the problems existing in the traditional operation and maintenance mode of photovoltaic power plants, this paper proposes that through the construction of a big data intelligent operation and maintenance platform, the operation and maintenance realize informatization, networking, digitization and centralized management, which not only reduces the number of station-side duty personnel, but also uses the powerful computing and analysis capabilities of the big data operation and maintenance platform to realize the intelligence of operation and maintenance, effectively improve the operation and maintenance management level, operation and maintenance efficiency, and achieve good benefits of photovoltaic power plants.