When it comes to cultural relics, many readers will think of the exhibits in the museum, in the museum, all the exhibits are condensed with a deep sense of history, but do you know the secret behind the cultural relics? Behind their "brilliance", there is a group of cultural relics restoration experts who are constantly paying, and each cultural relic is the condensation of their sweat and hard work. Today we will start with a Qing Dynasty dragon coat to understand the stories behind the restoration of cultural relics. If you want to know, let Xiaobian reveal the secret for you.
The Palace Museum is the largest comprehensive museum in mainland China, with a collection of more than 1.7 million cultural relics, which has been well received by Chinese and foreign tourists. Due to the different attributes of cultural relics, the Palace Museum will regularly inspect the collections in the museum, and specially train a group of cultural relics restoration experts to establish the "Palace Museum Cultural Relics Protection Science and Technology Department Laboratory", the purpose is to protect the excavated damaged cultural relics and rescue them.
In a joint census of cultural relics, the staff of other museums sent an important cultural relics to the laboratory of the Ministry of Culture and Technology of the Forbidden City. The cultural relics are the dragon gowns worn by the great internal guards during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, and the full name is "stone blue python pattern makeup and satin dragon gowns", which is equivalent to the modern people call the "work clothes" of the imperial palace.
Experts carefully inspected, found that the dragon coat is damaged to a large extent, but also has been washed by water, resulting in the dragon coat fabric and lining appeared "fading" and "string color" phenomenon, makeup satin gold thread was artificially destroyed and disassembled, leaving some confetti. The dragon coat has multiple mold spots throughout, as well as large and small holes in the wear or gnawing of moths. In addition, the dragon's coat is also impregnated with a variety of dirt, and the area of the dirt varies in size. There is no doubt that such a "problem" dragon coat is really difficult to restore it to its original state.
Although the restoration of the dragon coat was tricky, the experts of the Ministry of Culture and Technology were still engaged in intense work. Through repeated discussions, the restoration experts finally formulated a restoration plan for the dragon coat. How exactly did they restore the dragon's coat? Don't worry, listen to the editor:
After the cultural relics restoration experts transported the dragon coat to the laboratory, they began to carefully inspect it with a three-dimensional video microscope and a scanning electron microscope, and carried out a series of tests, photographs and records of their materials, injuries and pollutants.
When everything was ready, in order to avoid the phenomenon of cross-coloring again, the experts began to disassemble the fabric inside and outside the dragon coat and wash the two separately. In this process, it is necessary to change the cleaning agent frequently according to the difference between the fabric and the dirt to avoid secondary damage to the dragon coat fabric.
As we said earlier, the dragon coat has faded, so it needs to be colored by a restoration expert. The way of color repair is very exquisite, it is necessary to choose the same color of the original color of the dragon coat, the process requires the detection and comparison of the color difference at all times, which is undoubtedly a huge test of the patience of restoration experts.
The last step is to repair the hole, the size of the hole on the dragon gown is different, and the degree of damage at latitude and longitude is also different, so it is necessary to select the corresponding supplement and dyeing yarn, use the "hidden line method" to repair the backing seam, and then use the "embroidery repair method" to strengthen and beautify the fabric pattern, so that the height of the repair can be maintained with the original dragon coat, and there will be no regret after repair.
After all the above steps have been completed, the most important restoration process begins. Restoration experts need to restore the dismantling part of the dragon coat according to the traces, initial records, initial photos, etc. at the time of dismantling, and once it is found that there is a discrepancy with the original during the sewing process, corresponding measures must be taken immediately to modify it.
After the completion of the dragon gown restoration work, the staff deliberately made a comparison chart before and after the restoration, and when the comparison pattern was displayed in front of people, everyone was stunned. They couldn't believe that a torn dragon coat, after the "magic hand rejuvenation" of the restoration experts, would actually be revitalized, as if it were newly made, and people could not help but give a thumbs up.
Today's "stone blue python pattern makeup satin dragon coat" has been placed in the exhibition hall of constant humidity and constant temperature, accepting the viewing of tourists, showing people the vicissitudes of history and the exquisite skills of cultural relics restoration experts. At this point, we must thank this group of unknown devotees, it is under their skillful hands that they have given cultural relics a second life, and have also made great contributions to the prosperity of the treasure house of human culture and art.
Wen xiucai, editor-in-chief of Wenlan Hairun Studio, written by: Special history writer: Changshan Zhao Zi worm