The ancients said: "
One drum blows, then declines, three exhausts.
"This statement is still very accurate most of the time, you watch those popular shows, most of the first season is hot, the second season is unremarkable, and the third season is too lazy to watch." However, there is such a show that breaks the law of "three years and three exhaustions" and has always been very popular, that is, "The Story of Cultural Relics in past lives and present lives"
National Treasure
》。
There is a sentence in this show that impressed me very much:
“
In fact, our beliefs are our words and history.
”
Chinese on the surface, it seems that they believe in ghosts and gods, but in fact, they really believe in "people", believing in the wind and bone spirits handed down by their ancestors for thousands of years.
It is no wonder that not long ago, Fu Dalong teacher played the role of Qin Shi Huang In the show, ying Zheng was widely praised, and his excellent acting skills perfectly presented the historical background behind the Bronze Crane of the First Emperor, and the cultural relics were performed to bring "alive", with a sense of story, which made people think of the domineering spirit of the Qin King sweeping Liuhe more than 2200 years ago, and the heart was stirred.
Five thousand years of historical civilization, cultural relics are like stars in the sky, of course, not every cultural relics have the opportunity to appear in the "National Treasures" and are well known. The 4 cultural relics introduced today have been seen or known to fewer people, and at the first sight of them you may doubt your own eyes: Is this sure that this is not a modern crystal handicraft mixed into the Forbidden City? Don't laugh, they are really from the hands of the ancients!
The first one is this Qing Dynasty crystal ball.
Speaking of crystal balls, many people may subconsciously think of divination magic in Western culture, but in ancient mainland china, ancestors also discovered the beauty of crystals early - 500,000 to 200,000 years ago, in the Zhoukoudian Beijingers' ruins, a small number of crystal products were found, but far less than stone products.
In ancient times, crystals were called "
Water jade
The name is very beautiful, meaning as bright as water, as strong as jade. In the Classic of Mountains and Seas, it is written:
...... Danshan mountain out of the yan, southeast flow into the Luoshui, which has more water jade.
"According to the Chinese tradition, the appearance or quality of objects that can be related to jade will not be bad, and the ancients naturally liked to use crystal crystal to create works of art."
This crystal ball looks like a modern product, and the roadside stalls can put up a bunch of them, but in fact, it is stored in the Palace Museum, and the hollow carved mahogany seat at the bottom is very precious. Where is the preciousness? It is not like ordinary crystal, it is really no impurities, cracks and gas-liquid inclusions are all non-existent, to use an idiom to describe it is "flawless".
The sphere is clean and crystalline, and there is really a warm feeling of jade, the lines are smooth and natural, it is difficult to imagine that this is an artificial work, and it is not too much to say that it is a fairy orb.
The second piece, the Palace Museum in Beijing, holds a collection of Crystal Pisces flower arrangements from the Qing Dynasty.
Flower arrangements, as the name suggests, are used to insert flowers, but the ancients can pay much more attention to the mood than modern people.
Modern people casually throw flowers into a simple vase, and then pose, divide a dense, they feel very careful, but in ancient times, the art of flower arrangement is to play out thousands of tricks, when the Ming Dynasty Wanli Emperor reigned, someone specially wrote a "vase flower spectrum", specializing in vases, flowers, arrangements, flower taboos, these contents, this "flower arrangement" 2 words, but also the Ming Dynasty that appeared.
Flower arrangement is not like a vase, the flower arrangement itself can be innovative in more places, the Ming Dynasty has a lot of barrel-shaped jade flower arrangements, and the Qing Dynasty has a lot of stump-shaped jade flower arrangements, you see the Qing Dynasty TV series, if there are similar furnishings in it, it shows that the crew really studied the culture of the Qing Dynasty.
Look back at this crystal pisces flower arrangement, it is 14.8 cm high, the design is incredible, the so-called fish does not leave the water, the rosewood seat below is specially carved into a water wave, the top two carp, the tail crossed together, it looks really like a fish playing double jump out of the water, but the fish belly hollow, this flower is naturally put into the mouth of the fish, if you put a lotus flower, it is wonderful.
Double carp, which is a very beautiful meaning in Chinese culture, has the rhyme of lovesickness, and there is a poem in the poem of The Qing Dynasty Song Huan."
I haven't seen Yiren for a long time, and I used to mussel double carp
One sentence. Imagine placing such an exquisite flower arrangement in her home, a beauty puts seasonal flowers into it with a heart, and in the process, she has flowers in her eyes, but only distant people in her heart, so that the viewer is also cut off.
When the ancients missed each other, they often had to comfort their feelings with wine.
Let's look at this Qing Dynasty crystal robe in the Palace Museum in Beijing,
What is "觥"? 觥 is the ancient vessel for holding wine, and the idiom often used when we now describe the lively and lively drinking together is "staggering"; "兕" refers to an ancient rhinoceros-like beast, 兕觥, which is naturally shaped like a wine vessel.
About 3,000 years ago, during the Shang Dynasty and the early Western Zhou Dynasty, the 兕觥 was very popular, and there are "
My aunt is jealous
"One sentence, the meaning is probably"
I'll pour a glass of wine first
”。 However, at that time, the bronzes were all bronze, and this crystal robe belonged to the Qing people's "tribute" to the bronze robes of a thousand years ago in modern terms, although it was made of crystal, but the shape and ornamentation were modeled on the ancient bronze robes.
Crystal 兕觥觥 is a cultural relic of the Qianlong period, the appearance does not seem to be unusual, in fact, it is fine everywhere, covered with a carefully carved double-horned horned animal head, the handle is carved into a hammer, what is the "夔"? It is also a strange beast in ancient legends, looking like an ox but with only one foot, and the Classic of Mountains and Seas says it"
When entering and leaving the water, it will be windy and rainy, its light is like the sun and the moon, and its sound is like thunder
", so don't think this handle is simple, its design has rich cultural factors.
The last piece of the Palace Museum's collection of crystal Heavenly Rooster Zun is equally exquisite
。 How many chickens can you find? The answer is 2, a large back-to-back ant-ear figure, a small one designed as a zun of the gait, there is really a sense of "parents take their children out to play" visual sense.
Tianji Zun appeared as early as the Sui Dynasty (581~618). Zun, the same as the "bottle", in ancient times is also a kind of wine ceremonial vessel, the heavenly rooster, is the ancient myth and legend of the god chicken, according to the "Narrative of the Book" described, the heavenly chicken generally rests on the peach tree, whenever the sun comes out, first illuminate this tree, the heavenly chicken feels the light and begins to crow, and then the chicken in the world will bark, so the heavenly chicken is the boss of all the chickens in the world.
As for why Zun should bring such a design element as a celestial rooster, it is also influenced by ancient rituals. During the Zhou Dynasty, the vessels for sacrificing wine were often in the shape of birds and beasts, chickens, sheep, tigers, cattle, horses, elephants, phoenixes, etc. Even if you had not heard of the Heavenly Rooster Zun, you must have known the famous "Four Sheep Fang Zun", right?
Therefore, this Crystal Heavenly Rooster Zun of the Qing Dynasty is also a work of respect for the ancients, it is 14.2 centimeters high, and the crystal Pisces flower arrangement in front of it is almost the same. Looking simple, the process is complex, using through carving, round carving, hollowing; by the way, the Qing Dynasty Kangqian period Tianji Zun is very popular, in addition to crystal products, other materials are also a lot, the shape design compared to the Sui Dynasty, more mature and exquisite.
These 4 crystal cultural relics, it seems that the use of modern technology can be easily created, in fact, everywhere is the ingenuity of the ancients, this kind of ingenuity is completely not available by modern machines, so why do you love to go to the museum to see cultural relics or appreciate cultural relics programs? Looking at it is a "heart", the things that are careful can most impress people, cultural relics are so, and so are people's dealings with the world.