stand
spring
li chun
Two
month
wind
like
cut
knife
No
know
thin
leaf
who
cut out
go out
Spring Festival
Li Chun is the First Moon Festival, Li is the beginning of the establishment, and the qi of the spring wood begins, so it is called "Standing". Spring stands in the "ice and snow warbler is difficult to arrive", the so-called "jade run window in front of the bamboo, flowers in the courtyard plum", spring is quietly cultivated in the ice and snow. Without waiting for the ice to dissipate and the snow to release, it will be "willow color early yellow and light, hydrology new green micro".
Three seasons of spring
A wait for the east wind to thaw| the day of spring "east wind thawing", the east belongs to the wood, the wood is the mother of fire, the fire temperature, so that "the frost marks are sold in the water", "the wave gently shakes the green".
The second sting insect first vibrates| five days after the spring day of the "sting insect first vibration", "sting insect" is the winter Tibetan insect, at this time was awakened, did not move.
Three waiting for the fish to be negative ice | and then five days "fish negative ice", the zi (zhì) is rising, the fish rise due to the warmth of the water, the perception of yang qi and rise, the ice has not yet melted and the negative ice. "Li Xuehe slept deeply, and the negative ice fish gathered and sank", and the spring qi was still weak.
Spring customs
Bite the spring
Eating spring cakes and chewing raw radish is called "biting spring"; celebrating each other is called "bai chun"; villagers use wheat rice beans to throw spring cattle called "beating spring"; in the south, there is also the custom of touching cow's feet: "Touch the spring cow's feet, make money and earn money." ”
The earliest Chu custom was to establish the spring character "to ask for spring" on the gate; the Tang people began to make spring cakes, and the burrito used lettuce as "spring plate", and women wore "yingchun bun" on their heads, and exchanged spring words as "spring posts".
Spring
Welcoming spring is an important activity of Lichun, and it must be prepared in advance and rehearsed, commonly known as spring performance. Then it can be officially welcomed on the day of spring.
The spring festival is carried out on the day before the establishment of spring, with the purpose of bringing back spring and the god of Jurman. Yingchun set up a spring official, which was held by a beggar or a prostitute, and heralded the time of spring.
In the past, there were mangshen and spring cattle pictures on the annual imperial calendar, and the "turtle primrose" and "copper drum exorcism" on the "Dianshizhai Pictorial" at the end of the Qing Dynasty were important activities for the Spring Festival at that time.
Primula
Folk, the day before the old custom of spring, there are two artists with crowns and belts, called spring officials. Shouting along the street: "Spring is coming", commonly known as "primrose". Whether it is a soldier, a farmer, an industry, or a businessman, when he sees a Spring Official, he must make a salute.
A person stands in the field banging gongs and drums (looking for a little boy to wear a green coat and a green hat), singing the praises of the spring, going to each house to repay the spring, and going door to door to send a picture of the spring cow or a post of the spring (or the peasants beat the gong and drum to invite the children home, and put the fruit spring plate on the case to wait for the arrival of spring).
On this red paper printed picture of the spring cow, there are twenty-four solar terms of the year, and people lead the cattle to cultivate the land, which people call "spring posts". Its intention is to remind people that the plan of the year lies in the spring, and it is necessary to pay close attention to farming and not to make a mistake in the spring light.
Whip spring cattle
Whip spring cattle, also known as whip earth cattle, originated earlier, and have been preserved since then, but changed in the spring, prevailing in the Tang and Song dynasties, especially after Song Renzong promulgated the "Earth Cow Classic" to make the whip earth cattle customs more widely spread, as an important part of folk culture.
The meaning of whipping the spring cow is not limited to sending cold air and promoting spring plowing, but also has a certain sorcery significance. Shandong people want to break the native cattle, and people are competing for spring cattle soil, which is called grabbing spring, and it is auspicious to grab the head of the bull.
When molding spring cattle, it is often necessary to stuff the stomach with grains, and when the cattle are broken, the grains flow out. People laughed and picked up the grain and put it back in their barns, indicating that the barn was full of grain.
Sentence Mang God
Jurman is the god of spring, that is, the god of grass and wood and the god of life. The image of Jurmang is a human-faced bird body, enforcing rules, and the main spring affair. In the Zhou Dynasty, there was a matter of setting up an east hall to welcome the spring, indicating that the festival has a long history.
The day before the spring in Zhejiang, there was a spring welcome. The day before Li Chun carried the god Jurman out of the city to the mountain, and at the same time offered sacrifices to the elderly. Tai Nian is the god of the age, sitting in the year, in charge of the rest of the year, so the folk also offer many sacrifices. When greeting the gods, activities such as preaching, raising the pavilion, playing the ground, singing songs, and beating cattle are often held. After being carried from the countryside into the city, people gathered in the middle of the road and competed for grain, which is called watching the spring.
Li Chun poetry
《Li Chun》
Tang Du Fu
Spring spring plate fine lettuce, suddenly recall the two Kyo meifa time.
Plate out of the high door line white jade, dish chuan fiber hand to send green silk.
The eyes of the Wuxia Hanjiang, Du Ling's distant guests were overwhelmed with sorrow.
This body is unknown to the place of return, Hu'er looking for a poem on paper.
In the Tang Dynasty, spring cakes and lettuce were eaten on spring days, and the number was "spring plate". At this time, the poet recalled the grand occasion of spending the spring in the "two capitals" (Chang'an and Luoyang): the plate went out of the high gate, the vegetables were hand-tied, and the white jade green silk was sent one by one, which was not happy. However, now after the chaos of Anshi, trapped in Kuizhou, it can no longer live that kind of spring day, and when it is sad, there is only Hu'er looking for paper and inscribing poems.
Song Zhu Shuzhen
Stop the cup and wait for the spring to come, and the qi moves the sixth street in the spring.
Lettuce should be picked at first, and the lo hachi spin cut is called a joint noodle.
Hugh on the remnants of a thousand hates, into the New Year Pepsi harmony.
Since then, the flowers and scenes have been in the poetry.
Zhu Shuzhen picked lettuce, rolled spring cakes, and cut hats on the spring day, which was a good spring scene. This poem reflects the joyful scene of the Spring Festival in Kyoto during the Song Dynasty, and such cheerful poetry is rare in Zhu Shuzhen's works.
《Risugan day》
Song Luyou
The sunrise wind and the hangover wake up, and the mountain family is full of happiness.
The snow of Nianfengla has passed through three whites, and the warm spring suburbs have been all over the green.
Vegetables fine clusters of flowers should be pancakes, wine-scented floating catalpa long bottles.
The good scenery of the lake village is difficult to sing, and the beggar and the Hou family make a picture screen.
Just after the new year and the spring, Lu You, who lives idly in a mountain village, has already established a sincere friendship with his father and elder. Lu You felt heartfelt joy at the mountains and rivers of his hometown and the agricultural affairs of the harvest year. But after all, he is a politician with unpaid ambitions, and the last two sentences of the narrative allude to ridicule: those who are high-ranking officials and nobles have vegetarian meals, drunk and dream of death, but they are not blessed with the fun of appreciating the natural beauty of mountain villages.
《Han Palace Spring・ Li Chun Ri"
Song Xin abandoned the disease
Spring has returned, look at the beauty on the head, and look at the spring flag. Unprovoked wind and rain, refusing to collect the remaining cold. When the swallow was young, it was expected that tonight he would dream of going to the West Garden. Hun unrecognized, yellow mandarin recommended wine, more rumors of green leek stacking plate?
But he laughed at the east wind, and since then he has been dying willows with plums, and he has no leisure. In his spare time, he came to the mirror again and changed Zhu Yan. Qing is constantly worried, asking who will solve the chain? Afraid of seeing the flowers blossom and fall, the geese will return first.
This poem about the scene of Li Chun and his own feelings is very representative. While depicting Xi Chun, Loving Chun, and Complaining About Chun, it expresses the bitterness of unsuccessful deeds and the longing for the homeland in the north, and also implicitly expresses dissatisfaction with the ruler Gou An Jiangnan.
《Risshun Sun Sensushi》
Ming Yu Qian
Last year, I came to gray hair and new hair, and I hurriedly and immediately came to spring again.
Guanhe bottom thing empty passengers? Years are merciless and do not lend people.
An inch of Dan's heart wants to repay the country, and two lines of tears are missing relatives.
Lonely and fierce, it is difficult to entertain, and the gold plate is clustered five times.
This is what the poet wrote on the front line on a spring day the following year after the Wara invasion was repelled. In the event of this festival, it aroused the poet's thoughts of relatives, but for the sake of state affairs, he had to stay in the border area. The poem expresses this contradictory and painful mood of the poet.