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happy New Year
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The New Year is fast approaching again. In the past, the New Year should be pasted with New Year's paintings, and this Year's painting will make the past four white-walled homes open and festive, and the New Year flavor is stronger, and it is not boring to see a year.
In the old days, people used to paste New Year paintings during the New Year, which is not only one of the traditional customs of Chinese Chinese New Year's Eve, but also interesting, cultured and exquisite, and the history has been more than a thousand years. In the Song Dynasty, The New Year Painting was once called "Paper Flower", the Ming Dynasty was "Painting Paste", and the Qing Dynasty was "Picture Piece", and it was not officially called the New Year Painting until the Qing Guangxu period. Not only were they loved by the people, but they spread rapidly throughout the country except Tibet, including Taiwan, in the late Qing Dynasty and early Years of the People's Republic.
The interest in the New Year paintings is the appearance of people's beautiful lives, such as the Qing Dynasty's "Crops Busy", "Fishing Tree Cultivation Reading", "Five Grains and Fengdeng", "Changle Youyu", etc., as well as historical character stories, such as Guan Yu, Zhao Yun, Qin Qiong and Wei Chi Gong men shen, "Hundred Flowers Pavilion", "Dream of the Red Chamber", "Mulan" and so on, the theme is very rich. In the past, peasant families loved to paste "Five Grains and Fengdeng", literati Yashi posted "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest" and "Fishing Tree Cultivation Reading", and official eunuchs chose "Jiaguan Jinlu" and "Dangchao Yipin" to be guests in these homes.
▲ "Crops Busy" - during the Daoguang years of the Qing Dynasty
▲ Qin Qiong and Wei Chi Gong Gate God
The subject matter of the New Year paintings is not only rich, but also pays attention to many stickers. For example, the familiar door gods, according to the type, are divided into martial door gods, Wenmen gods, door paintings and column door judgments. The god of the martial door sticks to the door; the god of the wenmen is pasted on the door of the hall house; the door painting is pasted on the door of the living room in the house, such as the mother-in-law hugging the sun heart, and the door is pasted with "Qilin Sending Son" to ensure that the old man is happy to close his mouth; the door of the boudoir is pasted with "beauty strips"; the column door judgment, also known as "playing pig ghosts", is pasted on the door of the pig pen to bless the livestock without disease and disaster.
▲The god of literature and wealth
There is also the "middle hall", pasted to the living room; "moonlight" pasted on the wall next to the window, also known as "black and bright", because the walls on both sides of the window are backlit, paste "moonlight" to seek light; "bucket square" is pasted on the cabinet or liter, bucket; "window decoration" is pasted on the window; Kangtou painting, pasted on the surrounding walls of the kang, they have their own rules.
▲ The Chinese folk New Year painting "Zhongtang Painting" has figures and landscapes in the middle, and there are couplets on both sides.
▲Yangjiabu woodblock kangtou painting "The God of Wealth Calls the Door"
In addition, there is a type of New Year painting dedicated to the layout of the new house, such New Year paintings are called "happy paintings", the theme is mostly around the early birth of noble children, husband and wife love and other content, such as "Sending Sons Guanyin", "Lotus Birth Noble Son", pasted in the newlywed couple's house, taking a good omen. There are also old people in the family, who love to paste "Magu Xianshou"; the few children in the family will paste "Zhang Xian Shoots The Dog", pasted behind the door, hoping that the enlightened Zhang Xian can shoot the black dog that eats the child in the sky with a bow and arrow to bless the child's safety. There are also various gods, including the god of vesta, the god of heaven and earth, the god of wealth in the barn, and even the god of carriage and horse pasted on the horse pen of the cowshed to pray for the safety of the cattle and horses.
In short, the New Year, inside and outside the house, inside and outside the courtyard, all corners should be pasted. Looking at the flowers and greenery of this room, there is not only a strong festive atmosphere, a beautiful life expectation, but also a very happy heart.
Regarding the changes in New Year paintings, during the Republic of China period, with the integration of Western lithography and offset printing technology into New Year paintings, the small school field New Year paintings that appeared in Tianjin, Shanghai, especially in Shanghai, became one of the representatives of Shanghai's local culture at that time.
▲ At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the woodblock print "Rat Marrying a Daughter" in Shanghai Small School Field warns people that no one should deliberately covet wealth, go with the flow, and plain and plain is the truth.
▲Small school yard annual painting "Hundred Sons Ofu Dragon Lantern Victory Meeting"
Later, some shrewd foreign merchants printed the Gregorian calendar and the lunar calendar on the New Year paintings, and a new type of New Year painting appeared - the Month Card New Year Painting, full of "old Shanghai feelings".
▲Month card New Year painting
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, many people also painted and carved the New Year paintings of soldiers of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, which were used by the people as "anti-war door gods" to express their respect for the soldiers and their yearning for peaceful life.
After the founding of New China, the people still retained the New Year paintings with the People's Liberation Army and border guards as the "door gods", and with the addition of many professional painters, the New Year paintings abandoned the backward superstitious content, inherited the traditional beauty of the old, changed the old inherent procedures, boldly innovated the expression methods, and made the style of the New Year paintings look new. The content reflects the achievements of the construction of new China, as well as heroes and model figures from all walks of life, posted at home, which is not only people's spiritual example, but also people's beautiful pursuit.
▲ In 1964, the Great Unity of All Nationalities in the Country was painted in the New Year.
Now there are fewer New Year stickers in the city, but there are still rural areas, and it is as if not posting New Year pictures is not counted as a New Year. At present, the New Year paintings have become one of the national intangible cultural heritage, and there are dozens of large and small woodblock prints made in the mainland, of which the five most famous folk woodblock prints are Suzhou Taohuawu, Sichuan Mianzhu, Shandong Weifang, Tianjin Yangliuqing and Hebei Wuqiang. The New Year paintings produced in various places have auspicious and festive meanings, interesting history and culture, and all of them pin good wishes on people's agricultural harvests, family home safety, and family happiness.
Buy a few New Year paintings in the New Year, festive and auspicious, and the Spring Festival has become more lively!
▲ Yang Liu Youth painting "Lian Nian You Yu", painting lotus flowers indicates lian nian, carp means Yu.
▲ Yang Liu Youth's painting "Fish Leaping in the Yuan", from the "Poetry Classic, Daya Dry Foothills" "Iris Flying in the Sky, Fish Leaping in the Yuan", which means that the eagle flies in the sky and the fish leaps in the deep pool. Metaphor means that all things get what they want, and people do what they want.
▲ Tianjin Yangliu Youth Painting "Four Beauty Fishing", derived from "Qingben Red Chamber Dream Picture Four Beauty Fishing".
▲ Shandong Weifang Yangjiabu New Year painting "Spring Cow Map", spring cow symbolizes the prosperity of ding.
▲ Shandong Yangjiabu New Year painting "Fortune Returns Home, Five Ways into Wealth". The five roads into the wealth, that is, the five roads of the god of wealth, namely Zhao Gongming, the god of martial wealth in the middle road, Xiao Sheng, the god of wealth in the east road, Nazhen Tianzun Cao Bao, the god of wealth on the west road, Chen Jiugong, the messenger of the god of wealth on the south road, and Yao Shaosi, the immortal official of the city of Li, the god of wealth on the north road.
▲ Hebei WuQiang's New Year painting "Ape Toyin, Rich Life Nianfeng", the big monkey hand holding the jade seal, the small monkey holding the peach, and the peony flowers and bees, the meaning is the marquis, rich, long life, and happy year.
▲Suzhou Taohuawu New Year painting "Xu Xian You Lake".
▲ Zhu Xianzhen's New Year painting "Five Sons Dengke" is a story of Dou Yanshan's godson who has been passed down for thousands of years, containing far-reaching philosophy and life wisdom.
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