Wang Xiaobo wrote in the article "The Art of the Novel":
"I have a particular complaint with this book, namely that the author does not mention the highest achievements of the modern novel: Calvino, Eusenar, Günter Grass, Modiano, and an author who does not write novels infrequently, Margaret Duras."
Through this passage, we can see which writers Wang Xiaobo admires, and now let's look at these writers and their works separately.
Calvino
Italo Calvino (October 15, 1923 – September 19, 1985) was a contemporary Italian writer born in Havana, Cuba, who moved to Italy with his parents. Graduated from the Faculty of Literature of the University of Turin, he actively participated in the anti-fascist struggle during the Second World War and began to write literature after the war.
In 1947, he published his first novel, The Path to the Spider's Nest. Since the 1950s, novels have been written in fantasy and bizarre ways, either reflecting the alienation of people in reality or satirizing the absurdity and antics of reality.
He is the Viscount in Half, which was later included in the "Our Ancestors" trilogy, along with the later "Baron in the Tree" (1957) and "The Knight Who Doesn't Exist" (1959). In the 1960s and 1970s, Calvino wrote The Invisible City (1972) and Cosmic Comedy (1965).
In September 1985, Calvino died of a sudden cerebral hemorrhage in Pescara, Italy, at the age of 62, in the small town of Castiglian on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea.
Character evaluation
Italo Calvino's works have had a huge impact on the art of the modern novel with their unique and exquisite ideas and profound and timeless way of thinking. Together with Borges, he enjoyed the reputation of "writers of writers".
Calvino's book is for the intellectually over-intellectual reader. His novels deserve the word "weird.". A story to his pen, there is always a toss. He fled the so-called objective depictions like fear of loneliness, fear, and mediocrity.
Of course, he was first a very solid author of sketching, and then he continued to innovate later. It's a bit like Picasso. Calvino uses words, and his novels often use allegorical, fairytale, and sci-fi brushwork, and the direction of the plot is often unexpected.
Recommended works
"The Invisible City", "If on a Winter Night, a Traveler"
The Viscount in Half, The Baron in the Tree, The Knight Who Doesn't Exist
Selected readings: Excerpt from "The Baron in the Tree"
He turned his back and hugged people. Often when thinking about people interacting with each other, the most beautiful thing is the distance in the middle. Our reflection in the other person's mind seems to be the propagation of light, which sparkles in front of our eyes, and we are steadfast in our imagination with the distorted object.
Cosimo on the tree lives in such harmony with the people on the ground because of the distance at which the leaves fall from the branches to the bottom of the tree. Because these two ends are connected to a completely different world, far away from each other, so they are peaceful with each other. I thought it was the meaning of "you can only end up with people if you are alienated from them first."
Eusenaar
Yourcenar, Marguerite (1903–1987) was a French poet, novelist, dramatist and translator.
Born on June 8, 1903 in Brussels, Belgium, only 10 days after her birth, her mother died, and she was doubly loved by her father from an early age.
Her most famous novel is Memoirs of Hadrian, an autobiography of a fictional Roman emperor, written in the form of a letter to his adopted grandson, the future heir to the throne, Mark Hadrian. Orillo's epistolary form writing.
Another famous novel on historical themes, The Ference, is about the life of Zeno, an alchemist of Flanders, who won her the 1968 Fermina Prize for Literature.
In 1980, Eusenal was elected to the Académie française, the first female academician in the more than 300-year history of the Académie française and the first female immortal in French history to "add a green robe". In 1986, she was awarded the French Order of Honor 3rd Class and the Literary Medal of the American Artists' Club.
Eusenault constantly challenged her abilities as a writer, and her literary style was varied. But the main features of her work are a wealth of knowledge of ancient civilizations and historical changes, as well as the motivation to try to understand human behavior.
Eusenaar firmly believes that history is a "school of freedom" and a springboard for philosophical reflection on humanity. As a result, she is particularly fond of history, and her fictional works roam the vast expanse of antiquity, the Renaissance, and the early 20th century;
Expressed in modern literary terms, all of Ussenal's works are masterpieces of intertextuality, full of dialogues between the present and the ancient, here and the other, the self and him, the spirit and the flesh, the concrete and the abstract.
Representative works
Hadrian's Memoirs, "The Ascetics"
Labyrinth of the World: Memories of Piety, The Northern Archives
Selected Readings: Fragments from Hadrian's Memoirs
He finally attacked Persia in his later years, and when he reached the shore of a desert peninsula, he went to the beach and sat down in the face of the dark tide of the Persian Gulf, when he was still sure of victory.
But for the first time in his life, he was coerced by the greatness of the world, and he had a sense of being limited at every turn. Dou Da's tears rolled down the old man's wrinkled cheeks, and people thought he was bloodless and tearless.
What's going on here? It is because the conqueror of a world knows at this time that the world is unconquerable.
Günter Glass
Günter Grass (16 October 1927 – 13 April 2015) was a writer of the Federal Republic of Germany, born in Danzig in 1927. In 1944, grass, who was not yet an adult, was conscripted into the army. He was wounded and hospitalized in 1945 and fell into an American prisoner-of-war camp at the end of the war. After the war, he worked in various occupations, first as an agricultural worker, studied stone carving and plastic arts, and later became a professional writer, sculptor and printmaker.
Glass is an important writer in the contemporary Federal Republic of Germany, because of his novel language, rich imagination and unique techniques, he occupies a certain position in contemporary world literature, and won the 1999 Nobel Prize in Literature.
In addition to his literary fame, Glass was active in the political arena of post-war Germany. Grasse was a staunch pacifist who was adamantly opposed to NATO's deployment of nuclear weapons on German soil.
After German reunification, Grass was more committed to opposing the growing forces of xenophobia and neo-Nazi darkness. In recognition of Grass's contributions to the field of literature and art, Germany awarded him a fellow of the Berlin Academy of Sciences and Arts, and universities in the United States, Poland and many other countries awarded him honorary doctorates and honorary professors.
Glass was an allegorist and learned scholar, a sound recordist of various voices, and an arrogant monologue, both a collector of literature and a creator of satirical language.
In the characterization of Glass's novels, he stripped away the important words of the characters, emphasized the reliability of the flesh, and brought humans into the world of animals. In his zoo, everyone can find their own niche: cats and mice, dogs, snakes, flounders, frogs and scarecrows.
Novel "Tin Drum", autobiographical memoir "Peeling the Onion"
Selected readings: Fragments of "Tin Drum"
My blue eyes reflect the will to seize power without the need for followers. At that time I had managed to be in a position that I had no reason to give up.
I said, I made up my mind, I decided not to be a politician, not to be a colonial goods store owner, but to draw a full end, just keep it the same, keep the current height, keep this outfit, and so on for many years without changing.
Modiano
Patrick Modiano (1945– was born on 30 July 1945 in Boulogne-Billancourt, a southwestern suburb of Paris, France, to a wealthy merchant family.
Modiano loved literature since childhood, writing poetry at the age of ten, and at the age of fourteen or fifteen he showed a keen interest in the creation of novels. He graduated from the École Henri IV in Paris in 1965 and entered the Sorbonne University in Paris, dropping out a year later to specialize in literature.
In 1968, Modiano published his debut novel, Place de la Star, which won the Roche Niemiere Prize that year. In 1969, his work Night Watch won the Diamond Nib Award, and in 1972, "The Ringstrasse" won the Grand Prix des évelvest novels.
In 1974 he collaborated with the famous director Louis Marr on the screenplay for the film Lacombe Lucien, which won an Academy Award after it was brought to the screen.
In 1975, his work "The Bleak Villa" won the Bookseller Prize, and "Dark Shop Street" won the Goncourt Literary Prize in 1978, and it was also for this work that Modiano won the 2014 Nobel Prize in Literature at 19:00 on October 9, 2014, for Patrick Modiano's work "evoking memories of the most elusive human destiny".
For their unique artistic charm, "The Ringstrasse" and "Rue du Shop" won two of France's most prestigious literary awards: the Grand Prix des études novels of the Académie française and the Prize for Literature of Goncourt. Since then, Modiano has become a well-known novelist who has lived up to his expectations, and the publication of each of his works has caused great repercussions in France.
He is known as the representative writer of the "New Fables" school, and his exploration and study of the existence of today's people and their relationship with the surrounding environment and reality in the works of this school of writers is reflected in many works.
His writing is pure, perfect, sharp and self-made, and his language is concise, fluent, beautiful and steady, witty and humorous, and full of meaning.
"Dark Shop Street", "Sunday in August", "Ring Road" and so on.
Selected readings: Fragments from "Dark Shop Street"
At the various entrances to this building, many people used to pass through it and then disappear again, and I believe that people can still hear the echo of their footsteps today. Because after they passed, some things continue to shake to this day. Although the shock wave is getting weaker and weaker, if you listen carefully, you can still feel it.
I may never actually have called Petro McVoy, I am nothing, just echoes spread through my sometimes distant and weak, sometimes near and strong shock waves, which swirl in the air and then come together and become me.
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