Qingming Festival, also known as the Qingqing Festival, is held at the turn of mid-spring and late spring. The Qingming Festival originates from the ancient spring festival customs, which is both a natural festival point and a traditional festival. Tomb sweeping and ancestor worship and outings are the two traditional themes of the Qingming Festival. The current Qingming Festival has been integrated into the ancient Cold Food Festival (one or two days before the Qingming Festival) and the Shangwei Festival (March 3). As one of the four traditional festivals in China, many literati will write poems and fill in words on the day of the Qingming Festival, leaving behind classics that can be said to be the first of the major festivals. This article will choose 12 of them to enjoy with you.
<h1>1, Du Mu: Qingming</h1>
During the Qingming Festival, the rain is pouring, and the pedestrians on the road want to break their souls.
Where is the restaurant? The shepherd boy refers to the apricot blossom village.
When Du Mu was in Chizhou, he once drank alcohol in Jinling Xinghua Village. The Qingming Festival is a good day to step on the spring, but on this day there is a light rain, and the ancients called the rain on the Qingming Festival "fire rain". It was a light rain, although it was not large, but it made the road more muddy, difficult to walk, making the originally comfortable mood become lost and sad. At this time, the pen turned sharply, Du Mu began to ask where there was a restaurant, and the shepherd boy in the poem pointed to the apricot blossom village, and a scene of spring rain of apricot blossoms in Jiangnan was displayed in front of the reader.
<h1>2, Qu Dajun: Nong Shu Qingming Zuo</h1>
Toward the light cold twilight, I don't realize that spring is deep.
Falling flowers have tears due to wind and rain, and birds are merciless from ancient times to modern times.
The homeland dreams of the country, and the Chinese characters are sinking.
Dragons and snakes return to nothing, and cold food is pleasing to the heart every year.
Qu Dajun was a scholar and poet of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and one of the "Three Great Masters of Lingnan". After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing army entered the customs, and Qu Dajun was engaged in the anti-Qing movement. In 1683, when Kangxi unified Taiwan, Qu Dajun was completely disappointed by the activities of the Southern Ming, so he chose to live in seclusion in Panyu, wrote books and lectures, and became a generation of scholars. On this year's Qingming Festival, Qu Dajun wrote this poem "Nongshu Qingming", expressing his disappointment in the cause of anti-Qing and restoration, as well as his sad feeling of not being able to find a home.
<h1>3, Gao Juqing: Qingming</h1>
There are many cemeteries on the north and south hills, and the Qingming Festival sweeps each other.
Paper ash flew into white butterflies, and tears and blood stained red cuckoos.
At sunset the fox sleeps on the grave, and the night returns to the children laughing in front of the lights.
Life has to be drunk with wine, and a drop of He has gone to the Nine Springs.
Qingming Festival is the most grand and grand festival of ancestor worship in China, embodying traditional Chinese moral feelings such as patriarchy and filial piety. On the Qingming Festival, it is necessary to carry out a tomb sweep, which is called "thinking of the times" for the ancestors. But the author of this poem is seeing the harsh facts in the Qingming Festival and writing about human hypocrisy. Finally, the author expresses his own point of view: life is only a hundred years old, and after death, it is better to have fun in time. The theme of the poem is pessimistic and decadent, but it is also true.
<h1>4, Zhang Xian: Magnolia · Yi Wu Xing cold food</h1>
Dragon head ship Wu Erjing, bamboo pillar swing girl and. Fangzhou picked up the green twilight and forgot to return, and Hideno stepped on the green uncertainly.
After xingyun went to Yaoshan, the courtyard of the sheng song pond was quiet. The moonlight in the atrium is clear, and countless Yang flowers have passed without a shadow.
In ancient times, there were many poems written before and after the Qingming Dynasty, but very few wrote about the lively scenes of the Qingming Festival. Zhang Xian's "Mulan Flowers, Yi Di Wu Xing Cold Food" depicts us a vivid picture of the Qingming Festival in Jiangnan. In the words, Wuxing's boys raced dragon boats and women floated on the swing, very lively, until dusk fell, people still did not want to go home. At night, everything is quiet, zhang xian is even more lonely, alone to enjoy the moonlight, watching Yang Hua flying.
<h1>5, Huang Tingjian: Qingming</h1>
The festival is clear and peachy and plum smile, and Noda Arizuka is only sad.
Thunder shocks the world dragon snake sting, rain foot suburban grass and trees soft.
People begged for sacrifices to Concubine Yu, and Shi Gan burned the unjust prince to death.
Wise and foolish for thousands of years know who it is, and their eyes are full of basil.
People often compare Huang Tingjian's "Qingming" with Gao Juqing's "Qingming", which express roughly the same meaning, but the form of expression is very different. In his poem, Huang Tingjian focuses on describing the Qingming Festival period, with a dead and silent cemetery on one side and a vibrant spring light on the other, showing the irresistible laws of nature. "Man begs to sacrifice Yu's wife and concubine", through the allusion that the Qi people begged for food in the middle of the pan, wrote about the behavior of fools. "Shi Gan Burns the Unjust Prince" shows the integrity of the sages through the story of the meson push. But "the wise and the foolish know who it is" and eventually they all enter the grave.
<h1>6, Yang Huizhi: Cold food sent to Zheng Qi Shilang</h1>
During the Qingming Dynasty, out of the suburbs, the lonely mountain city liuying gate.
The water is separated by light smoke to repair the bamboo temple, passing through the rain and falling flowers village.
It is difficult to become drunk when the cold wine is thin, and it is easy to break the soul when the ground is high.
Looking back at the old mountains thousands of miles away, don't say anything to anyone.
Yang Huizhi was a relatively famous poet in the early Northern Song Dynasty, and both he and Zheng Qi were famous poets, and they were both appreciated by Fan Qian, the chancellor of the Later Zhou Dynasty, and promoted to the post of Tai Province. At the beginning of the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty, the two were demoted to foreign officials, so the two exchanged letters and exchanged heartfelt complaints. This poem was written on a certain year of the Qingming Festival, the poet went out of the countryside to look for spring, saw every household planting willows, the scenery along the way was infinite, but it encountered rain, so the bleak state of mind of political frustration was revealed.
<h1>7, Li Yu: The day before the Qingming Dynasty</h1>
Just after leaving the chaotic world, Mo said sunny days.
The ground is cold and easy to eat, and it is difficult to smoke smoking.
Battlefield flowers are blood, and stagecoach willows are whips.
Deserted mountains, by whom to send paper money?
In 1645, the Qing army captured Nanjing, and the Hongguang Dynasty collapsed. Since then, the Qing army has carried out many massacres in Jiangnan, and many cities and pools have been reduced to ruins. The famous opera composer and poet Li Yu wrote this poem on the Qingming Festival of the following year, in order to commemorate the Cold Food Festival, express the feelings of the homeland, and mourn the victims of the country. In this poem, the poet describes the Cold Food Festival from the perspective of a refugee, and all the scenes are overshadowed, the atmosphere is miserable, full of sad emotions, reflecting the turbulent and displaced life of people in the war, and the mood of wandering and mourning.
<h1>8, Han Hong: Cold food</h1>
Spring City is full of flowers, cold food east wind royal willow oblique.
Candles were passed down at the Han Palace, and light smoke spread into the Wuhou family.
Cold food is one of the more important traditional festivals in China, two days before the Qingming Dynasty. During the Cold Food Festival, families forbid fires and only eat ready-made food, hence the name cold food. The Tang Dynasty stipulated that when the Qingming Festival arrived, the emperor would reward his courtiers with the fire of the elm willow, indicating that the cold food festival was over, and reminding officials not to follow the example of The Meson. In the late Tang Dynasty, the power of eunuchs expanded, and poets used the Han Dynasty Tang Dynasty tang and the "five princes" of the Han Dynasty to represent the eunuchs of the Tang Dynasty. "Light smoke scattered into the five marquises' homes" shows from the side that the eunuchs were favored by the emperor and had great power. One of the major reasons for the demise of the Tang Dynasty was the eunuch dictatorship in the later period.
<h1>9, Dou Gong: Xiangyang cold food sent Yuwen book</h1>
The smoke and water were first sold to wanjia, and the east wind blew willows and slanted.
The levee wants to be accompanied by whoever is on the horse, and the spring mud is half a flower.
Dou Gong was a Poet of the Tang Dynasty, who ascended to the throne in 807 AD, and was a man of elegant and famous. He usually does not like to talk to people, but seems to have a stutter, known as "Tuo Ong". However, his poem is written in a unique way. This poem describes the beautiful picture of Xiangyang during the Qingming Dynasty: surrounded by water, smoke and water, the east wind blowing, and the willows are yiyi. And the last sentence ,"Horse stepping on spring mud is half a flower" can be described as the finishing touch, and "stepping on the flowers to return to the horseshoe incense" has the same magic.
<h1>10, Zhang Yan: Chao Zhongcuo Qingming Season</h1>
The rain roared during the Qingming Season. Tide hugs the head sand. Turned over by the pear blossom cold look, life is bitterly in love with the end of the world.
Swallow curtain warblers, cloud windows fog pavilion, wine wake up crows. Fold a willow and come back to whose house.
In 1276, the Yuan Dynasty attacked Lin'an, the Southern Song Dynasty fell, Zhang Yan's grandfather was also killed by the Yuan soldiers, and Zhang was killed. At a time when this country is broken and the country is destroyed and the country changes owners, the writer has no choice but to drift to the end of the world. In ancient times, there was a custom of "Planting Willows in the Qingming Dynasty". But Zhang Yanguo broke his family and drifted to the end of the world, even if he folded the willow, there was nowhere to insert it, how sad it was.
<h1>11, Han Wei: Cold Food Night</h1>
Pity the light cold wind, small plum drifting snow apricot blossom red.
Late at night, the swing rope is oblique, and the pavilion is hazy in the smoke and rain.
This poem ostensibly writes about the scene of the courtyard of the Cold Food Festival, but in fact expresses the poet's nostalgia for the deceased. The "Xiangyi Collection" records that the poet had a love affair with a woman during the Cold Food Festival in previous years, and later separated, for which the poet wrote poems such as "Revisiting li's garden pavilion on the cold food day", "Cold food night has a mail", "Occasionally seen" and so on. This poem only points out the scenery throughout, does not involve specific love affairs, and the realm is hazy, which is a typical late Tang Dynasty poetry.
<h1>12, Liu Yong: "Magnolia Slow"</h1>
Tear down the tung flowers, at first remove the rain, wash the clear. Zhengyan apricot burning forest, peach embroidery field, fragrant scenery like a screen. Fall into the city, try to win, and suddenly carve a saddle out of the suburbs. Wind warm and complicated strings crisp pipe, thousands of families compete for new sounds.
Yingying, fighting grass. People are beautiful, handing over to meet each other. Towards the side of the road, the remains are fallen, and the pearls are crisscrossed. Joy, to The Land of Beauty, the Letter of Gold exhausts the Jade Mountain. Struggling with the Ming Dynasty forever, the painting hall is a pillow of spring.
Many words of Liu Yong express the prosperity of the Northern Song Dynasty during the Zhenzong and Renzong periods. This song "Magnolia Slow" shows the lively scene of people's spring travel during the Qingming Festival at that time, and is a typical work of "Chengping Weather, Describing Quzhi". A lot of extravagant rendering is used in the words, bringing a complex beauty to the whole word, which is the characteristic of Liu Yongzi.