Five legends and stories of the Little Year
The small year does not refer specifically to one day, and due to local customs, the days called "small year" are not the same. During the small period, the main folk activities include dust sweeping and sacrificial stoves. What is the origin and legend of that little year?
First, the origin of the small year
Xiaonian is a traditional festival of the Han people on the mainland, also known as Xie Stove, Sacrifice Stove Festival, Stove King Festival, and Sacrifice Stove. In different places, the dates are different, in the lunar calendar waxing moon twenty-three or twenty-four or twenty-five (folklore experts say that in ancient times, there was a tradition of "officials three people, four boats and five", that is, the small year of the official family is the twenty-third month of the waxing moon, the people's family is the twenty-fourth month of the waxing moon, and the water people's home is the twenty-fifth of the waxing moon. Like the north, before the Southern Song Dynasty, it was a political center, and it was heavily influenced by officialdom, so it was more than the twenty-third day of the Wax Moon; On the contrary, the south is far from the political center, and the small year is the twenty-fourth of the waxing moon; The residents of Poyang Lake and other lakes have retained the tradition of boatmen, and the small year is set on the twenty-fifth day of the waxing moon, "no matter what day the new year is, people's desire to leave the old and welcome the new is the same." (In some parts of Sichuan and Guizhou, the 30th lunar month is a small year, and the 15th day of the first month is a large year), and in some parts of Shandong, the small year is the 22nd of the lap month. The New Year is seen as the beginning of the New Year.
The emperor of the Qing Dynasty began in the Yongzheng period, and every year on the twenty-third day of the 23rd lunar month, he worshipped the gods in Kunning Palace, and in order to save money, the emperor also worshipped the emperor of the stove by the way. Later, the royal family and Baylor followed suit, and sacrificed on the twenty-third day of the waxing moon, and since then there has been a distinction between officials and people living small years on different days.
The 23rd and 24th days of the 12th month of the lunar calendar are the traditional Chinese folk festival days, also known as the "Little Year". Legend has it that the prince of The Stove was originally a commoner Zhang Sheng, and after marrying his wife, he spent all day drinking wine, and lost his family business and fell to begging on the street. One day, he begged to the house of his ex-wife Guo Dingxiang, ashamed and embarrassed, and went under the stove and burned to death.
After the Jade Emperor knew, he thought that Zhang Sheng could change his mind and not be bad to the end, since he died at the bottom of the pot, he was crowned as the king of the stove, and every year on the twenty-third and twenty-fourth days of the waxing moon, he reported to the heavens, and Chinese New Year's Eve returned to the bottom of the stove. The common people felt that the king of The Stove must be respected, because he had to report to heaven. As a result, the people have a "small year" of the 23rd and 24th lunar months, praying for peace and fortune in the coming year.
Second, the legend of the little year
1. Legend Story 1
According to folklore, the emperor of the stove went to heaven to tell the world of sin, and once he was accused, the life expectancy of the major sin should be reduced by three hundred days, and the life expectancy of the minor crime should be reduced by one hundred days. In the "Taishang Induction Chapter", there is also an account of "the order of the priest follows its weight, and takes its discipline". Si Ming refers to the stove king, counted as one hundred days, and the ji refers to twelve years. Here, the felony sentence is increased to another twelve years of life expectancy reduction. Therefore, when offering the stove, it is necessary to tap the stove king and ask him to raise his noble hand.
2. Legend story 2
Legend has it that there is a three-corpse god attached to the body of the person, who often gives small reports to the Jade Emperor and says bad things about the world. In a very short period of time, the Jade Emperor received many of his secret reports, saying that the human world was plotting against the Heavenly Court. The Jade Emperor was furious when he saw this, and immediately summoned the Three Corpses God and ordered him to write down their crimes on the wall of the jade emperor's house, and then let the spiders form a large web and hang them under the eaves. The Jade Emperor also ordered Wang Lingguan to Chinese New Year's Eve night netherworld, and anyone who saw the three corpse gods making a mark would be slashed all over the door. Seeing that the conspiracy was about to succeed and that he could monopolize the beautiful human world, the Three Corpses God quickly descended and marked the walls of each household. The stove jun discovered the conspiracy of the three corpse gods, and hurriedly found the stove prince of each family to discuss the countermeasures: from the date of sending the stove, the house was cleaned before the Chinese New Year's Eve. When Wang Lingguan was ordered Chinese New Year's Eve to inspect the netherworld, he found that every household was very clean, without any markings, and the people were safe and self-kept, and worked hard. The Jade Emperor learned from Wang Lingguan and Zhao Jun that the Three Corpses God had wronged a good person, and he was furious and imprisoned the Three Corpses God forever. Since then, the kind-hearted stove king has been supported by everyone, and every year on the twenty-third day of the waxing moon, the stove will be sacrificed, and the twenty-four dust sweeping has also become a folk custom.
3. Legend story three
The custom of the 23rd festival in Henan is accompanied by a desolate folklore. In ancient times, an old couple had only one son, and the two regarded their son as a pearl in their palms and loved them very much. However, because his family was poor, there was no way to open the lake, so he had to endure the pain of letting his son go to the coal mine to dig coal.
The son has not returned for a long time, and the old man misses it especially. On this day, the old woman told the old man to go to the coal mine to have a look. On the way, the old man met a barefoot fellow traveler, and the two became more and more acquainted with each other and got along very well. In the small talk, the old man learned that the barefoot piece was instructed by the king of Yama to come to the mine to recover a hundred miners. The old man was so anxious that he begged the barefoot piece to leave his son. Barefoot generously promised, telling him not to tell anyone.
Seeing his son, the old man pretended to be ill, and his son served left and right, and he could not go down the well. Soon, there was an accident in the coal mine, and the old man hurried to take his son home.
In the blink of an eye, three years have passed, and on the night of the twenty-second day of the lunar month, the old man remembered the risks of that year and couldn't help but say to his wife. Who knew that this was heard by Zao Jun, and on the twenty-third night, Zao Jun told the Jade Emperor about this matter after he went to heaven. The Jade Emperor became angry and immediately punished the barefoot piece and took the old man's son.
For this reason, on the twenty-third day of the lunar month, people worship the stove king and eat stove candy, hoping that after he arrives at the Heavenly Palace, he will no longer manipulate the right and wrong of the world. Over time, people are celebrating the stove on the twenty-third day of the waxing moon.
4. Legend story four
There is a rather interesting folk tale. It is said that in ancient times, there was a family with the surname Of Zhang, two brothers, the brother was a plasterer, and the younger brother was a painter. The brother's work is the pan pot platform, the East Street please, the West Fang invitation, all praise him for his high craftsmanship. He became famous for a long time, and everyone in all directions honored him as "King Zhang Zao". It is said that Zhang ZaoWang is also strange, no matter whose home he goes to, if there is a dispute in someone else's house, he loves to take care of things. When he meets a noisy daughter-in-law, he must persuade him, and when he encounters a fierce mother-in-law, he must also say that he seems to be an old elder. In the future, his neighbors will look for him when they have something to do, and everyone respects him very much. King Zhang Zao lived for the full seventy years, and his death was on the night of the twenty-third day of the waxing moon. Zhang Zaowang died, the Zhang family can be chaotic, it turns out that Zhang Zaowang is the head of the family, the family affairs are all at his command, now the eldest brother left the world, the younger brother can only poetry and painting, although he has spent the nails, but has never taken care of household chores. Several rooms of daughters-in-law were clamoring to separate the family, and the painter was helplessly disturbed, and his face was sad all day. One day, he finally came up with a good idea.
On the 23rd day of the 23rd lunar month, on the first anniversary of the death of King Zhang Zao, late at night, the painter suddenly called out to wake up the whole family, saying that the eldest brother had appeared. He led his son and daughter-in-law's whole family to the kitchen, only to see that on the dark stove wall, the fluttering candlelight loomed to show the faces of King Zhang Zao and his late wife, and the family was stunned. The painter said, "When I went to bed, I dreamed that my eldest brother and sister-in-law had become immortals, and the Jade Emperor named him 'Nine Heavens Eastern Chef Si Ming Zhao Wang Jun'. You are usually lazy and lazy, you are discordant, disrespectful and filial, and you make the family uneasy. The eldest brother knew that you were making trouble and was very angry, and was ready to go to heaven to warn the Jade Emperor and punish you Chinese New Year's Eve night in the Netherworld. When the children and nephews and daughters-in-law heard these words, they were terrified, and immediately knelt down and prostrated their heads one after another, and rushed to bring the sweets that King Zhang Zao usually liked to eat on the stove and offer them on the stove, and begged the king of the stove to forgive.
Since then, the uncles, brothers and daughters-in-law who are often noisy no longer dare to throw spills, and the whole family gets along peacefully, and the old and young live in peace. After this matter was known to the neighbors and friends in the neighborhood, they passed on ten, ten to hundred, and they all rushed to the Zhang family to inquire into the truth. In fact, the king of the stove on the wall of the stove on the night of the twenty-third day of the waxing moon was pre-painted by the painter. He was pretending to use the apparition of the eldest brother to scare his children and nephews, but he did not expect that this method would really work. Therefore, when the neighbor came to the painter to inquire about the situation, he had to fake the real scene and distribute the painted statue of the king of the stove to the neighbor. In this way, along the countryside, every stove house is labeled with the statue of the king of the stove.
5. Legend story 5
Legend has it that once upon a time, there were two gods in the heavens. The big immortals are called big gods, and the little gods are called small years. Big Year has a good heart and cherishes people. Every cold season when the grain is not long, the big year is afraid of hungry bad people, so he sprinkles the white noodles in the sky for people to eat. Although Xiao Nian is said to be the brother of Da Nian, his heart and eyes are very bad. He used magic to turn the white noodles that Da Nian sprinkled on people into snow seeds, and when he ate them, he would not cure hunger but also freeze his stomach. When he had made people sick, he turned into a beast with megalodons and fangs and came down to eat people. When he had eaten enough of his belly, he lay down and slept, and he slept for three hundred and sixty days in one sleep, and when he woke up, he ate people. Although people know that it will come down in three hundred and sixty days, they cannot hide it anywhere. I had to burn incense and prostrate my head, and asked The Great Year to be the Lord.
Da Nian was thinking about the white-faced snow and sparsely populated things, and when he heard the prayers of the world, he realized that it was the evil done by Xiao Nian. He went to find Xiao Nian angrily, but Xiao Nian said indifferently, "You do your good, I eat my people, what is the obstacle to you?" Da Nian saw that he was unreasonable, and he was so angry that he raised his hand to beat him. Who knew that Xiao Nian's heart was so vicious that he actually knocked Da Nian to the ground with his backhand, and said viciously: "If you don't read a mother and compatriots, I will even eat you!"
Da Nian could not win the battle against Xiao Nian, so he had to personally go down to the people and say: "Xiao Nian was born afraid of thunder and fire, and when he comes again, you will burn green bamboo with oil pine and dried firewood, form a circle, light a fire, and people will sit in the middle, and it will not be able to eat people when it comes down." "People remember the words of the big year, when the small year came down, the dry diesel pine burned the green bamboo "banging" chaotically, the fire roasted people, so anxious that it turned around and grinded its teeth, so it had to go back empty stomach. He knew that this was The idea of the Great Year, so he went to fight the Great Year, and the Great Year could not do it, and also jumped into the fire circle that people burned. Xiao Nian gritted his teeth in hatred and said, "When I have practiced Fire Gong, I will eat you a baby and leave you alone!" Sunrise and sunset, grass green grass yellow. The fierce little boy did not sleep for three thousand five hundred and ninety-nine days, and finally practiced fire gong, and in another day he would go down and abuse people badly.
As for the Big Year, I have already made preparations. He also did not sleep for three thousand five hundred and ninety-nine days, stayed up all day and night, practiced martial arts, and in another day he would go down the mountain and fight a big battle with Xiaonian to protect mankind from mutilation. Just at noon at three thousand six hundred, the Great Year and the Little Year met head-on in mid-air. Xiao Nian knew that if he didn't get rid of Da Nian, he would eat and eat and fight. Da Nian did not show weakness, and the two fought yellow wind rolling, and the clouds covered the sky. That's why the spring was windy and foggy later.
After thirty-two days of fighting in one breath, Xiao Nian was anxious and opened his mouth to swallow Da Nian. Da Nian hurriedly raised his palm thunder, who knew that Xiao Nian jumped and hid in a high place. Da Nian chased him up, and he kept jumping up. That's why February 2 hit the thunder.
Da Nian chased after him for another seventy-four days, and when he saw that the thunder in his palm could not stop him, he let go and did not fight. Xiao Nian thought that his brother's thunder was finished, and he turned over and rushed down to catch Da Nian. Da Nian dodged and raised his hand to pull out a snow-white worm from behind. Only to see the long worm spit out a fiery fire and burn it straight into the small year. Without waiting for Xiao Nian to dodge, Da Nian spat out the thunder of the sky. Xiao Nian dodged away, and a stream of black water spewed out from his mouth, although he could not extinguish the fire and could not wet the thunder, but he also saved himself. Big year chase, small year running, shaking the sky, heavy rain pouring down. This is the origin of the summer thunderstorm.
Xiao Nian was tired and plunged into the sea to sleep, and Da Nian hurriedly released the sun to ripen the grain, so as not to make people starve because he and Xiao Nian fought.
Ma Xuemin sorted out
One point no. Qingwei Heze creative base