Polyps are vegetations that occur on the mucosal surface of the organs of the cavity in the body, usually named according to the site of growth. For example, nasal polyps, colon polyps, stomach polyps. If there are more than 2 polyps in a certain part of the body at the same time, it is called multiple polyps. Gastric polyps, is the origin of gastric mucosal epithelium or mucosa under the local bulge lesions, with the popularity of gastroscopy and other examination methods, the discovery rate of gastric polyps continues to increase, many people will get the diagnosis of gastric polyps during physical examination, so they began to worry. Can stomach polyps become cancerous? After discovery, is it necessary to cut the grass and remove the roots as soon as possible? Let's help you with the analysis now.
Gastric polyps, if classified according to histology, can be divided into fundus glandular polyps, adenomatous polyps, proliferative polyps, inflammatory polyps, and, less common, hamartomatous polyps and gastric carcinoids. These polyps, because of different tissue types, have different symptoms or manifestations, and the risk of cancer is also different. In addition, the relationship between different types of polyps and other diseases is not the same.
Gastric polyps, common sites of occurrence, are the antrums. Gastric polyps, lack of specific manifestations, some patients may have epigastric discomfort, bloating, belching and other symptoms of dyspepsia, if the polyps are located near the cardia or pyloric site, and it is a pedunculated polyp, may cause dysphagia or vomiting. If the surface of the polyp is eroded or necrotic, it may cause hematemesis or melaena.
Stomach polyps, due to different tissue types, there are different evolutionary processes, coping strategies, need to be based on the results of the examination, the development of treatment plan. Fundus adenopops, usually less than 1 cm in diameter, may be associated with long-term use of proton pump inhibitors, but are less associated with atrophic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection. Therefore, this polyp, if there is no serious surface erosion, does not need to be removed. Adenomatous polyps, which account for 10% to 20% of gastric polyps cases, are mostly more than 1.5 cm in diameter. Studies have shown that the risk of cancerous adenomatous polyps is more than 30%, and may be accompanied by cancer of the stomach. Therefore, this polyp is an important target for the prevention of stomach cancer, and it is recommended to remove it after diagnosis and perform pathological examination.
Hypertrophic polyps, the main type of gastric polyps, accounting for about 75% to 90%, most polyps are less than 1 cm in diameter, this polyp is more closely related to gastric diseases, for example, about 25% of patients, accompanied by Helicobacter pylori infection associated gastritis, some patients with pernicious anemia or ulcers. At present, the academic community believes that the cancer rate of proliferative polyps is less than 2%, and if the polyp diameter exceeds 1 cm, the possibility of cancer will increase. Therefore, for this polyp, if the diameter is large, it needs to be excised and a pathological analysis is performed.
Inflammatory polyps, which are rare, occur near the pylorus in about 80%, and most patients are asymptomatic and the cause is unclear. Some scholars believe that such polyps can be removed, and that they usually do not recur after removal. Hamartoma polyps, rare cases, usually occur alone in the antrums, less than 2 cm in diameter, no malignant tendencies, but the name sounds a little scary, can not be treated specially. Gastric carcinoid carcinoid, which is rare, is usually less than 2 cm in diameter, and if the diameter is more than 2 cm, there is a significant risk of lymphatic infiltration and metastasis, so it needs to be removed promptly after detection.
It is worth noting that there is a correlation between stomach polyps and intestinal polyps. Some scholars have found that in patients with gastric polyps, the detection rate of colon polyps is about 15%, while in patients with colon polyps, the detection rate of gastric polyps is more than 5%. At the same time, the phenomenon of gastric polyps and colon polyps was found to be more obvious in the elderly population. Therefore, patients with gastric polyps are advised to perform a colonoscopy at the same time. Polyps in the digestive system are considered to be a process of polygenic alteration, and environmental factors play an important role, such as smoking, low-fiber diets, and excessive intake of meat, which can promote cancerous adenomatous polyps. Therefore, patients with gastric polyps, in addition to reviewing and long-term observation as required, should also adjust their living habits in time. In addition, the study found that about 85% of patients with gastric polyps are in a state of low gastric acidity, and bile reflux plays an important role in the occurrence of gastric polyps. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of gastric polyps, it is necessary to confirm the diagnosis of other digestive tract diseases at the same time, and use them for treatment, for drugs that inhibit gastric acid, such as proton pump inhibitors, should be standardized and avoid long-term use.
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