1924 - The famous Marxist and revolutionary Lenin dies
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (22 April 1870 – 21 January 1924), real name Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, Chairman of the People's Committee of the USSR, Lenin was his pseudonym after his participation in the revolution. Lenin was a famous Marxist, revolutionary, politician, theoretician and thinker, the founder of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), the founder of the Soviet Union and the first supreme leader. He developed Marxism and formed the theory of Leninism, which Marxists and Leninists called "the great teacher and leader of the proletariat and the working people of the whole world." He died on 21 January 1924 in the village of Gorky at the age of 53. In 2008, Russian state television conducted an online poll of the country's greatest people, and Lenin was ranked sixth.
1934 - The Second National Congress of the Chinese Soviets is held
The Second National Congress of the Chinese Soviets opened from January 21 to February 1, 1934 at Ruijin Shazhouba, Jiangxi. More than 700 delegates attended the meeting, and Mao Zedong made reports on "Our Economic Policy" and "Concern for the Livelihood of the Masses and Attention to Work Methods," summing up the experience of the agrarian revolution and economic construction in the base areas. The meeting elected Mao Zedong and 175 others as members of the Second Central Executive Committee of the Chinese Soviet Republic, and Mao Zedong was elected chairman of the Central Executive Committee.
1937 - The University of the Anti-Japanese Red Army is renamed the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University
On January 21, 1937, the Chinese University of the Anti-Japanese Red Army was renamed the Chinese University of Military and Political Science (hereinafter referred to as the "University of Resistance"). Mao Zedong concurrently served as chairman and political commissar of the "Kang Da" Education Committee, Lin Biao as the principal, Liu Bocheng as the vice president, and Luo Ruiqing as the chief education minister. Mao Zedong formulated the educational policy of "firm and correct political orientation, arduous and simple work style, and flexible and flexible strategy and tactics" for the "Kang Da"; advocated the school spirit of "unity, tension, seriousness, and liveliness.".
1949 - Chiang Kai-shek announces his "retirement" and Li Zongren as acting president
On January 21, 1949, the Nanjing Central News Agency broadcast Chiang Kai-shek's statement: "The war is still not over, and the purpose of peace cannot be achieved... I can't see things for some reason... It was decided to retire first, and Vice President Li Zongren would take over the presidency. ”
1877 - Guo Songtao, China's first envoy abroad in modern times, goes to England
Guo Songtao (11 April 1818 – 18 July 1891), courtesy name Junxian, was a native of Xiangyin, Hunan, a politician of the late Qing Dynasty, one of the founders of the Xiang Army, and zeng guofan and Zuo Zongtang were both sons and daughters, Guo Songtao was also China's first envoy abroad, serving as a minister in Britain and France. In 1847, he entered the army, from 1854 to 1856, he was given the title of Susong Grain Storage Road, and the two Huai salt transport envoys were transferred. In 1863, he was appointed inspector of Guangdong, and in 1866, he resigned his official post and returned home to give lectures at Changsha Chengnan Academy and Sixian Lecture House. In 1875, he was recommended by Wen Xiang, the Minister of War, to enter the Prime Minister's Yamen, and on January 21, 1877, he went abroad from Shanghai to Britain. In 1878, he also served as an envoy to France, and the following year he resigned under pressure to resign from illness. Guangxu died of illness in the seventeenth year (1891) at the age of 73.
2005 - Siu Wai Wan, a member of the Basic Law drafting committee of Hong Kong and Macau, dies
Xiao Weiyun (October 1, 1924 – January 21, 2005) was a native of Qiyang County, Hunan Province, and a constitutional scholar of the People's Republic of China. Born in 1924, he went to the Soviet Union in 1954 to study, and returned to China in 1959 with an associate doctorate in state law from Leningrad University in the SOVIET Union. Since 1960, Xiao Weiyun has long served as the deputy director of the law department of Peking University. Articles 3 and 5 of the 1982 Constitution of the People's Republic of China basically adopted Xiao Weiyun's opinions. From 1985 to 1999, he participated in the drafting of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, the preparation of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the drafting of the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, and the preparation of the Macao Special Administrative Region. On January 21, 2005, Xiao Weiyun died of a sudden acute myocardial infarction while lecturing in Macao at the age of 81.
1991 - Zhou Peiyuan Award was established
Zhou Peiyuan award, established on January 21, 1991, is specially used to reward those who in the use of imported equipment, more achievements, more training talents, good maintenance and management, good development of "two more two good" users, in view of the introduction of modern equipment such as Chinese computers, scientific instruments, but the application, development, management link is weak, the first set up "Zhou Peiyuan CHP award gold" and "Zhou Peiyuan TSI award gold". Over the past 20 years, the Zhou Peiyuan Foundation has gradually developed, and now has a total of 57 special funds in five categories, and has been awarded to fund hundreds of projects and hundreds of people. The "Zhou Peiyuan Physics Award" and "Zhou Peiyuan Mechanics Award" are recognized as the most influential awards in the field.
1892 - Death of the famous British astronomer Adams
John Couch Adams (5 June 1819 – 21 January 1892) was an English mathematician, astronomer, and one of the discoverers of Neptune. Adams' main scientific achievement was that he and LeVier independently used mathematical methods and the law of gravitation to deduce the position of Neptune, which had not yet been discovered. In addition, it has also achieved great success in the problem of lunar motion, and has also achieved some important results in the study of the Earth's magnetic field and the orbit of the Leo meteor group. In 1866 Adams received the Royal Astronomical Society's Gold Medal. In his honor, a halo of Neptune and asteroid 1996 are named after him. The University of Cambridge has established the Adams Prize to recognize British mathematicians who have made outstanding contributions in the field of mathematics.
1977 - Dinosaur fossils are found for the first time in the Qamdo region of Tibet
On January 21, 1977, mainland scientists discovered a batch of precious dinosaur fossils in the Qamdo region of Tibet. Dinosaur fossils have been found at high altitudes like Qamdo for the first time in the world. This discovery is of great significance for studying the causes of uplift and geological development history of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, as well as for the evolution of paleontology, paleogeographic environment, paleoclimate, and paleogeomorphology. According to preliminary identification, the dinosaur fossils found this time lived in the early and middle Jurassic periods, which are between 160 million and 140 million years old.
1895 - Japan decides to occupy the Diaoyu Islands
On January 21, 1895, the Japanese Cabinet meeting secretly decided to steal China's "Diaoyutai Islands" and "set up marker piles in the present place" and "incorporate them into Japanese territory" without permission.
1793 - King Louis XVI of France is sent to the guillotine
Louis XVI (23 August 1754 – 21 January 1793), king of the Bourbon dynasty of France (1774–1792), was the last king of the Bourbon restoration in France and the only king in French history to be executed. He was the grandson of Louis XV, the son of Louis Ferdinand, Crown Prince of France, the mother of Marie Josephine of Saxony, and the wife of Marie Antoinette, daughter of the Archduke of Austria and Holy Roman Emperor Franz I. After the outbreak of the French Revolution, Louis XVI was forced to organize the Constitutionalists to support the bourgeoisie to take real power, in 1792 France was forced to declare war on Austria, the people urgently demanded the execution of Louis XVI, on January 16-17, 1793 by the National Convention sentenced to death, January 21 was sent to the guillotine.