In the past 30 years, the mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the mainland has shown a rapid upward trend. From 205/100,000 in 1990, it has grown to 322/100,000 people.
The death rate per 100,000 people is 1.6 times higher than it was 30 years ago. Not only that, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have gradually shown a trend of rejuvenation, and sudden death of young middle-aged people due to such diseases is not uncommon in clinical practice.
According to the 2019 research report, the most common cause of sudden death in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is sudden cardiac death, that is, coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction.
It is estimated that about 544,000 sudden cardiac deaths occur in the mainland every year, and on average, 1 person dies of sudden cardiac death every minute, and this situation is still worsening.
It can be seen that the trend of prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction is very serious. As far as the current clinical data is concerned, myocardial infarction is not absolutely equal to death, the key lies in whether the patient's condition is found in time and whether professional rescue is carried out. That is to say, the sooner the myocardial infarction is rescued, the better the prognosis effect will be.
So the question is, before the myocardial infarction, what are the symptoms?
1. Pain: angina is the first symptom of myocardial infarction, and the patient is manifested as a tightening and squeezing pain in the anterior region of the heart and behind the sternum.
This kind of pain mostly occurs in a quiet state or during sleep, the degree of pain is heavier, the scope is wider, and patients will even have symptoms such as irritability, sweating, and near death, and the pain time can last for hours and days, and rest or nitroglycerin can not be relieved.
In addition, nearly 1/6 to 1/3 of patients did not have typical angina, but had atypical pain symptoms, such as toothache, epigastric pain, left shoulder pain, mandibular pain and so on;
2. Gastrointestinal abnormalities: nearly 1/3 of patients have symptoms similar to acute gastroenteritis at the time of the onset of the disease, such as patients will vomit violently, nausea, and at the same time accompanied by abdominal distension and pain, etc., the symptoms will appear about 3-24 hours before the onset of myocardial infarction.
The reason for this is that patients are affected by myocardial ischemia, vagus nerve necrosis, constant stimulation of myocardium, decreased cardiac output, insufficient tissue perfusion, and then caused spasm and pain in peripheral organs, and some patients will also be accompanied by hiccups, flatulence and other manifestations.
Because the symptoms come more suddenly and fiercely, they may mask the symptoms of angina, so that the patient mistakenly believes that he is just an ordinary gastrointestinal disease, and then ignores the examination;
3. Hypotension: hypertension is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, but in the process of myocardial infarction and pain, there will be symptoms of decreased blood pressure.
Symptoms may persist for weeks or so before they escalate, and often do not return to previous levels.
If the pain is relieved but the systolic blood pressure is below 80mmmhg, the patient may have symptoms such as irritability, pallor, and excessive sweating, and in severe cases, the patient may even faint and shock.
If the above symptoms have suddenly appeared recently, especially the inexplicable sudden pain in the precordial area, and the pain time lasts for more than 20 minutes and is not relieved, it is likely to be a manifestation of myocardial infarction.
Patients should be vigilant and check for medical examinations at the first time, the sooner they start interventional myocardial infarction, the better the prognosis will be.
On the contrary, if the myocardial infarction misses the best rescue time and the myocardial necrosis area is large, even if the treatment is carried out and the life is saved, the patient's future quality of life will be greatly affected.