Hello everyone, today is Monday, January 17, 2022, and let's take a look back at what happened today in history.
I. The reign of Emperor Wenjing of the Han Dynasty
On January 17, 154 BC, the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms broke out during the reign of Emperor Jing of Han. Emperor Jing of Han was born and died from March 4, 188 BC to March 9, 141 BC, born in Zhongdu, Daidi, southwest of present-day Pingyao County, Shanxi, and was the eldest son of Emperor Liu Heng of the Han Dynasty, the sixth emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, who reigned for 16 years.
During Liu Qi's reign, he cut down the fiefdoms of the princes, quelled the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms, consolidated the centralization of power, ruled the country diligently and frugally, and developed production. His reign was known as the reign of his father Emperor Wen of Han, and laid the foundation for his son Liu Che's "Han Wu Shengshi" and completed the transition from Emperor Wen to Emperor Wu. Emperor Xiaojing, without a temple number, died at the age of 48.
In 180 BC, after Liu Heng was proclaimed emperor, all four sons born to the empress dowager died of illness. Liu Heng was the first month of the year, and the chancellor asked to be crown prince, and Liu Heng was the eldest of Liu Heng's sons, so he was made crown prince, and his mother Dou Shi was made empress.
In the sixth month of the lunar calendar in 157 BC, Emperor Wen of Han died. On the ninth day of June of the same year, the crown prince Liu Qi succeeded to the throne as Emperor Jing of Han.
After Liu Qi ascended the throne, he first promoted Chao Que to the post of Internal History, and then promoted Chao Que to the rank of Imperial Shi Dafu, ranking one of the three dukes. After analysis, Chao Que told Liu Qi to be particularly wary of Liu Hao, the most powerful Wu king among the princes.
Liu Hao has been secretly preparing for more than forty years, he minted money privately, boiled salt and sold, in order to accumulate strength, he also recruited fugitives, and the intention of rebellion was more and more revealed. Therefore, Chao Que strongly advocated that Liu Qi cut the fiefdoms of the kings, that is, cut the domain.
Liu Qi, following Chao's advice, decided to first cut down the counties of Huiji and Yuzhang in the State of Wu. Liu Hao saw that the imperial court began to move, unwilling to tie his hands and capture, and in the third year before the Han Jing Emperor, he united with the princes of various places to rebel and rebel under the banner of killing Chao and stabilizing the country. Seven princes participated in this rebellion, known in history as the "Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms".
When Liu Qi learned of the rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms, he sent his lieutenant Zhou Yafu to lead thirty-six generals to attack the State of Wu and the State of Chu; sent Marquis Li of Quzhou to attack the State of Zhao; sent the general Luan Bu to attack the State of Qi; and sent the general Dou Infant Tun to attack Xingyang to monitor the armies of the State of Qi and the State of Zhao.
Dou Infant introduced Liu Qi to Yuan Ang, who had served as the chancellor of the State of Wu. Liu Qi summoned Yuan Ang into the palace to meet him, and took the opportunity to persuade Liu Qi to kill Chao In order to protect national security and quell the rebellion. Liu Qi adopted Yuan Ang's strategy and killed Chao.
The rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms did not stop because of this, and Liu Qi dispatched Zhou Yafu and other generals to lead the army to quell the rebellion. Zhou Yafu adopted the strategy of cutting off the rebels' grain routes and then holding out, and finally defeated the rebels, and completely quelled the rebellion in three months.
After the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms was quelled, Liu Qi took the opportunity to take back the rights of the princely kingdoms to the central government, and also abolished a large number of officials in the princely states. The princes no longer had executive power and judicial privileges. After the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms, the problem of the division of the princes was completely solved.
For the small harassment of the Xiongnu, Emperor Jing did not counterattack on a large scale, but focused on the overall situation and focused on active defense. In the few battles against the Xiongnu, a number of generals such as Li Guang, Cheng Buzhi, and Zhi Du emerged, and the Xiongnu were so frightened when they heard Li Guang's name that they called Li Guang "Flying General".
After Emperor Jing ascended the throne, he continued to implement the established national policy of emphasizing agriculture and suppressing commerce. He repeatedly ordered the county officials to make the exhortation of Nongsang as the first administrative task.
Emperor Jing allowed peasants living in areas with poor soil to migrate to fertile land and abundant water sources to engage in reclamation, and "rented Changling fields" to peasants who had no land and little land. At the same time, it has also issued edicts on many occasions to crack down on those officials who use the people's power by legal means, thus ensuring normal agricultural production. Emperor Jing twice ordered a ban on the use of grain to make wine, and also forbade nei county to feed horses with millet.
During the Jing Emperor's period, he continued to adopt the means of Huang Lao's inaction, implemented the policy of lightly dispensing with the thin endowment and resting with the people, and restored the huge damage caused by the war for many years and reduced the people's burden. Ordered to cut the field rent in half, and from then on, this new field rent tax rate became customized by the Western Han Dynasty.
2. The Tang Dynasty Emperor that the ancient sages failed to reach
Emperor Li Yu of the Tang Dynasty: Born from January 9, 727 to June 10, 779, in Shangyang Palace, the eastern capital, the eldest son of Emperor Suzong of Tang and the eighth emperor of the Tang Dynasty. The New Book of Tang commented on it as "the lord of Gai Yi Zhongcai". In the Old Book of Tang, it is concluded that "the sages of the ancients failed to reach this".
In 758, Li Yu was made crown prince, and in 762 he ascended the throne, quelling the Anshi Rebellion the following year. During Li Yu's reign, he reformed the price of water transportation, salt, grain prices, etc., and implemented the financial policy of "putting the people first", and died in 779, with the title of Emperor Daizong of the Temple, and was buried in Yuanling, thirty miles northwest of present-day Fuping County, Shaanxi Province.
After Emperor Tang dynasty succeeded to the throne, Li Fuguo, believing that he had made meritorious contributions to the establishment of the emperor, was arrogant and arrogant, and went so far as to say to Emperor Daizong: His Majesty only needs to live deep in the palace, and there are old slaves to handle external political affairs. Although Emperor Daizong was dissatisfied in his heart, he was afraid that he held the military power in his hands, so he had to ask for perfection and honor him as shang father, but the respectable father, no matter how big or small, had to consult with him before deciding. Soon, Emperor Daizong took advantage of Li Fuguo's lack of preparation and sent people to assassinate Li Fuguo disguised as thieves, then pretended to order the pursuit of the thieves and sent palace emissaries to comfort his family.
In October 762, Emperor Daizong appointed Li Shi the Prince of Yong as the marshal of the army, Shuofang Jiedushi as the deputy marshal, and borrowed 100,000 troops from Hui to attack Luoyang, which was once again occupied by the rebels, Shi Chaoyi defeated Mozhou, and in present-day Renqiubei, Hebei, Shi Chaoyi's troops li baochen, Li Huaixian, and Tian Chengsi surrendered to the Tang army. In the first month of 763, Shi Chaoyi hanged himself in the face of rebellion, and since then, the Tang Dynasty has completely quelled the Anshi Rebellion that lasted for seven years and three months.
However, after this war, the Tang Dynasty was seriously injured and turned from prosperity to decline. In the east, there were feudal towns, in the west there were Tubo invasions, and in the north there was a difficult situation in which Hui Hui exchanged horses at high prices.
As a result of the rebellion against An Shi, most of the army in the west was withdrawn, and Tubo took advantage of the void to go deep into the interior, attacked Tang on a large scale, occupied more than ten prefectures west of Fengxiang in Shaanxi and north of the prefecture, and in October 763, he occupied Fengtian, in present-day Qianxian County, Shaanxi, and his troops approached Chang'an City, frightening Emperor Daizong to flee to Shaanzhou for refuge. As a result, the Tubo soldiers occupied Chang'an, and they made Li Chenghong, the king of Guangwu of the Tang Dynasty, emperor as an instrument of their rule, and burned and plundered Chang'an.
At the critical moment, Emperor Daizong hastily used Guo Ziyi as a deputy marshal to meet Tubo. Guo Ziyi actively organized troops to counterattack Tufan. He ordered the eldest son Quanxu to lead two hundred horses out of Lantian, Shaanxi, beat drums and raise flags during the day, and light fires at night to think that they were suspicious soldiers. Infiltrated Chang'an in disguise with hundreds of people, organized the people in the city to go around the legend: Guo Linggong, that is, Ziyi personally led the army! The Tufan soldiers panicked and left without a fight, all withdrawing from Chang'an. Chang'an, which fell on the 15th, was retaken by the Tang army.
In December 763, when Emperor Daizong returned to Chang'an, Guo Ziyi bowed down to plead guilty, and Emperor Daizong said: Emperor Daizong did not use Qing early, so he reached this point. He gave him an iron coupon to avoid death, and painted a portrait of him in Ling Yan Pavilion in recognition of his work in the Tang Dynasty. The eldest grandson Quanxu and others were also added to the rank of knight. At the same time, Cheng Yuanzhen was dismissed and returned to the field.
Since the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty was full of internal contradictions, in 763 AD, The Servant Gu Huai'en rebelled against the Tang, and in August 765 AD, the Servant Gu Huai'en led a total of 300,000 troops from Tubo and Hui, and took Chang'an from Huayin to Lantian and Chang'an. Jing Shi was terrified, and Emperor Daizong urgently summoned Guo Ziyi to garrison Jingyang City north of Chang'an, during which time the servant Gu Huai'en fell ill violently in the army. Guo Ziyi rode alone to say that he was returning to Tibet and breaking the Tubo, so that the Tang Dynasty once again turned the crisis into safety.
On the second day of the first month of May 779, the news of Daizong's illness came out of the palace. This disease was not light, and in less than ten days, Emperor Daizong could not ascend to the throne. On May 20, the crown prince was ordered to supervise the preparation of the country, and that night, on June 10, 779, Emperor Daizong died in the Zichen Inner Hall.
Third, today in history
On January 17, 154 BC, the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms broke out during the reign of Emperor Jing of Han.
On January 17, 395, the Roman Empire split into the Western and Eastern Roman Empires.
On January 17, 726, Li Yu, Emperor Tang of Tang, was born.
On January 17, 1888, Li Hongzhang opened the Mohe Gold Mine in Heilongjiang.
On January 17, 1897, Tan Sitong completed the compilation of his important philosophical work "Renxue".
On January 17, 1917, the United States acquired the West Indies from Denmark for $25 million.
On January 17, 1923, Cai Yuanpei resigned as president of Peking University in anger to protest the illegal arrest of Peking University teachers.
On January 17, 1931, five writers of the Left League, Li Weisen, Rou Shi, Hu Yipin, Yin Fu, and Feng Hao, were arrested by the Kuomintang.
On January 17, 1933, the Chinese Communists issued the "Declaration on Willing to Jointly Resist Japan with All Armies of the Whole Country under Three Conditions to Oppose the Invasion of Japanese Imperialism in North China", calling for the cessation of civil war and the unanimous resistance to Japan. This marked the beginning of the Chinese Communist Party's quest to establish an anti-Japanese national united front.
On January 17, 1939, Mr. Qian Xuantong, a Chinese Chinese philologist, died.
On January 17, 1945, Soviet troops captured Warsaw in World War II.
On 17 January 1946, the first meeting of the United Nations Security Council was held in London, England.
On January 17, 1951, during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the Chinese Volunteer Army and the North Korean Army occupied Seoul.
On January 17, 1966, U.S. aircraft collided, causing the hydrogen bombs they were carrying to be lost over Spain.
On January 17, 1974, the Chinese People's Liberation Army won a victory in the Xisha self-defense counterattack.
On January 17, 1975, the First Session of the Fourth National People's Congress was held.
On January 17, 1979, the second oil crisis.
On January 17, 1986, Deng Xiaoping pointed out that "there must be two hands to carry out the four modernizations." ”
On January 17, 1991, the Gulf War broke out and continued until February 28.
On January 17, 1992, China and the United States signed a Memorandum of Understanding on the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights.
On January 17, 1996, CCTV's eighth program TV drama channel was launched.
On January 17, 1997, the State Power Company was established.
On January 17, 2009, a shipwreck occurred off Yemen, killing more than 100 people.
On 17 January 2017, at least 100 people were killed in a raid on a refugee camp by the Nigerian Air Force.
On January 17, 2018, China Eastern Airlines Flight MU553 became the first flight in the history of Civil Aviation of China to officially announce the use of portable devices such as smartphones throughout the process.
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